无人水下航行器分布式运动控制系统设计与仿真验证

针对传统采用RS422通信的集中式管理中心任务过重、可靠性差、抗干扰能力差等缺点,设计开发一种基于CAN总线的无人水下航行器分布式控制系统。与传统的集中式控制系统相比,该控制系统可以更容易地接入功能模块且无须对现有硬件进行重新设计,具有很好的可扩展性,并充分考虑了该航行器的安全性及可靠性问题。首先,给出分布式控制系统的构建方案,再针对核心PC104控制管理中心给出主要控制模型方法,随后通过建立空间运动方程,完成对控制系统的模型建设和控制器软硬件设计工作,并通过实验室数字仿真和半实物仿真进行验证。结果表明,该控制系统具有性能稳定、传输效率高等特点,能够满足无人水下航行器的使用要求。     

自主式无人水下航行器航向自适应滑模控制

无人水下航行器是未来水下战场的重要武器装备,对其运动控制的研究得到广泛关注,其中航向控制的实现是研究的热点问题。对无人水下航行器六自由度动力学方程进行简化,得到横向运动动力学方程,并将偏航角作为控制对象,采用滑模控制的方法实现对航向角的跟踪控制,并引入自适应机制在线估计未知参数,减小参数不确定性对稳定性的影响。通过对控制算法的仿真,结果表明了控制器设计的正确性。     

基于MPC-DO的自主水下航行器轨迹跟踪控制

针对欠驱动自主水下航行器在速度约束和未知外界环境干扰下的轨迹跟踪问题,提出一种基于模型预测控制算法和干扰观测器的复合控制方案。首先,基于模型预测控制算法设计一种考虑速度极限约束以及速度增量约束的轨迹跟踪运动学控制器。其次,针对海洋作业环境下存在的外界干扰,设计干扰观测器对其进行实时估计,并基于所设计的干扰观测器,设计精确跟踪期望速度的动力学控制器,并对控制方案进行了严格的理论分析。最后,进行数值仿真,仿真结果证实了该控制方案的有效性。     

水面无人艇环形轨迹跟踪方法研究与实现

为提高无人航行器对轨迹的实航跟踪能力,结合航行器运动特性,提出势点跟踪算法,实现对典型航迹(环形轨迹)的稳定跟踪。以无人水面艇(Unmanned Surface Vehicle, USV)作为验证平台,基于拟合偏差的最小二乘航向辨识,获得系统数学模型,并设计相应的控制律,在搭建好仿真平台后,针对无人水面艇控制特性设计相关控制策略及制导律,完成势点跟踪算法的设计及仿真验证。后经典型海况下多航次试验,经过对实航轨迹及USV与环形轨迹间距离变化规律分析,并结合数据均方根大小,表明了环形轨迹跟踪方法设计的合理性。     

基于LQG/LTR的水下航行器多变量鲁棒控制

基于LQG/LTR方法对水下航行器进行多变量鲁棒控制设计,解决在模型不确定及受到随机干扰情况下水下航行器的控制设计问题,使得水下航行器控制系统具有良好的鲁棒性和动态品质.对水下航行器非线性动力学模型进行仿真实验,仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性和可行性.     

鱼雷型无人水下航行器鲁棒控制器设计

针对鱼雷型无人水下航行器航行过程中外界环境干扰复杂,航行体系统内部干扰严重的特殊问题,并同时考虑系统参数剧烈变化造成的系统不确定性,设计纵向鲁棒控制器。该控制器采用 PID控制器作为标称控制器控制标称受控对象。利用非线性状态观测器估计受控系统中的不确定性和外界环境干扰,并通过补偿控制律补偿,使整个闭环控制系统具有鲁棒性。将此方法应用于鱼雷型无人水下航行器鲁棒控制器的设计,可大大提高鱼雷型无人水下航行器航行过程中对干扰的抑制和对不确定性的适应能力,保证鱼雷型无人水下航行器在整个航行过程中的姿态稳定,以保证航行任务的完成。     

鱼雷型无人水下航行器鲁棒控制器设计

针对鱼雷型无人水下航行器航行过程中外界环境干扰复杂,航行体系统内部干扰严重的特殊问题,并同时考虑系统参数剧烈变化造成的系统不确定性,设计纵向鲁棒控制器。该控制器采用PID控制器作为标称控制器控制标称受控对象。利用非线性状态观测器估计受控系统中的不确定性和外界环境干扰,并通过补偿控制律补偿,使整个闭环控制系统具有鲁棒性。将此方法应用于鱼雷型无人水下航行器鲁棒控制器的设计,可大大提高鱼雷型无人水下航行器航行过程中对干扰的抑制和对不确定性的适应能力,保证鱼雷型无人水下航行器在整个航行过程中的姿态稳定,以保证航行任务的完成。     

无人水下航行器的智能航行控制

水下无人航行器是探索未知水域的重要设备,但是传统水下无人航行器的智能航行控制系统,受到水域信号传播限制,造成智能控制范围较小,为此设计无人水下航行器的智能航行控制系统。使用水域深度变换器对智能控制器进行重新设计,根据水域深度变化进行不同方式的控制切换,优化PID控制器,改变水域信号传输方式,根据需求进行多传输方式的切换;使用粒子群算法对智能控制方式进行规划,对不同水域控制方式进行最优选择,实现航行智能控制系统设计。试验结果表明,设计的控制系统能在水下2 000 m内进行有效控制,比传统控制系统多出800 m的有效范围,因此本文设计系统具备极高的有效性。     

基于指数趋近滑模控制的水下机器人-机械手系统轨迹跟踪

针对水下机器人-机械手一体系统需要快速、准确实现预定轨迹跟踪以实现作业的要求,提出一种基于指数趋近律的滑模变结构控制方法,以期提高系统的响应速度与控制精度,并减小系统抖振,实现对系统运动轨迹的控制。为此本文首先建立水下机器人-机械手系统整体动力学模型,并基于指数趋近律和滑模变结构控制建立系统的控制器,通过李雅普诺夫稳定性理论对控制系统的稳定性进行验证。然后在Matlab环境中对水下机器人-机械手系统进行轨迹跟踪控制仿真。仿真结果表明,建立的滑模控制系统响应快,控制误差小,能够有效地实现水下机器人-机械手系统的运动轨迹控制。     

水下通信约束对无人航行器控制影响研究

随着现代海洋开发技术的深入,水下无人航行器在深海资源开发中已经得到越来越广泛的应用,其无人控制器的精度直接影响到作业的成功与失败。同时,海下通信环境所受到的各种干扰与陆地系统差别较大,其控制器的约束条件差异较大。本文首先研究现有水下无人航行控制器的结构,并建立水下控制系统模型。在此基础上,分析水下通信环境对无人机控制器的影响,最后基于PID控制器对水下无人机进行运动模型的仿真。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

舰艇反鱼雷技术

对目前舰艇反鱼雷技术中的非杀伤、软杀伤和硬杀伤等比较先进的手段进行了阐述,并在此基础上分析研究了舰艇反鱼雷技术的发展趋势。     

Community-Based Management for Sustainable Fisheries Resources in Phang-nga Bay,Thailand

Fishing communities, the Government of Thailand Department of Fisheries, local nongovermnental organizations, universities, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and FAO's Bay of Bengal Program have undertaken a partnership in management of Phang-nga Bay's coastal resources. It is the first project of its kind in Thailand, and although still in the early stages, offers insights that may contribute to our knowledge of how we can improve our management of coastal resources, including the importance of (1) building relationships within the governance process; (2) combining education, enforcement, and economic incentives to achieve compliance; (3) implementing solutions early; and (4) government support of community-based decisions. These insights reinforce trends emerging in other coastal management projects in the Asian region.     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

单相PWM整流器的建模与仿真分析

文章详细分析了单相VSR型PWM整流器的整流原理,建立了电流内环,电压外环的单相VSR型PWM整流控制器的数学模型和逻辑框图。在MATLAB／Simulink软件环境中进行了仿真,分析了模型的可行性。     

无人反潜系统自主指挥控制研究

无人反潜系统的指挥控制问题是关系其具备实际作战能力的主要问题之一。论文在分析无人反潜系统指控原理和其自主指控水平分级的基础上,采用可变自主控制结构,研究了无人反潜系统分级可变自主指控实现的方法。该方法可赋予无人反潜系统可变的指挥控制自主性,使其在工作环境中能够实时评估自身的自主能力,并主动引入人工干预。这种具备人机智能融合特性的自主指挥控制方法更适应无人反潜系统在复杂战场环境中实战化的需求。