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0引言随着高新技术在现代化船舶上的运用越来越广泛,海上交通事故率有所降低,但根据安全管理的MMEM(人机环管)理论,船员、机器、环境和管理这四个要素中的任何一个环节出现失误,都可能导致船舶事故的发生。尤其当船舶航行在通航密度大、水流急、 相似文献
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受复杂地质条件影响,海域中存在航行事故频发区域,而传统船舶航行路径优化中,虚拟现实技术只注重模拟海域基本特征,导致选取的船舶航行路径集中在事故频发区域,因此重新研究虚拟现实技术在船舶航行路径优化中的应用。本文研究利用虚拟现实技术构建海域三维模型,统计历史事故频发区域界定船舶航行安全区域,结合船载信息融合技术确定最优路径,重新优化船舶航行路径。实验结果表明,与传统的虚拟现实技术应用效果相比,利用虚拟现实技术绕行事故频发区域,选取的船舶航行路径最安全。 相似文献
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船舶消防缺陷,严重影响船舶安全。从几年来的船舶火灾事故分析,因设备存在缺陷或管理不到位而造成的重大火灾事故,占航行船舶上报事故的约20%。特别是一些老旧船舶,设备存在严重缺陷,机务管理又跟不上,发生火灾事故的占很大比 相似文献
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“大舜”轮沉没的悲剧曾震惊了全国。当前,诸如碰撞、触礁、失火等触目惊心的船舶事故仍时有发生,航运安全形势也还不容乐观。预防船舶事故,做好安全航行工作永远是航运业的头等大事。 一、各级领导端正认识,真正从思想上把安全工作放在首位是预防船舶事故搞好安全航行的根本 各种隐患是船舶事故的温床,而一些领导的思想麻痹或把经济利益和安全生产对立起来,无疑是最大的事故隐患。 预防船舶事故是关系到保护人民的生命财产、巩固改革开放的成果和促进经济发展和社会稳定的大事。各级领导都必须站在讲政治的高度,增强责任感,克服盲… 相似文献
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随着桥梁建设的发展和船舶数量的增多,船舶碰撞大桥事故有上升的趋势、给人命财产安全带来巨大损失.通过事故案例分析,探讨影响大桥水域船舶航行安全的因素,提出大桥建设应综合考虑船舶通航安全,加强船员培训及恶劣天气条件下船舶航行的管理,建立覆盖桥区水域的船舶交通管理系统等对策,以减少和避免船舶通过大桥安全事故的发生. 相似文献
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随着我国经济的发展,广州港船舶水上运输繁忙,事故频发,特别是老旧运输船舶安全隐患较大,一旦发生海损事故,势必造成人员、财产和环境的重大损失和污染。本文借鉴中华人民共和国老旧运输船舶管理规定,结合笔者的引航实践,对如何保障老旧运输船舶的航行安全进行分析总结,以预防老旧运输船舶安全事故的发生,保护船舶航行安全,防止由于安全事故带来的环境污染。 相似文献
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之所以又谈船舶速度,那是因为船舶速度是船舶航行安全的关键所在。纵观航海史上的大部分航行事故几乎都与船舶航行速度控制不当有关,也就是通常说的没有严格地使用安全航速。 相似文献
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常微分方程具有一般数学的特点:抽象性、严密性,又具有本身的特点,即与工程技术紧密相连,实用性强.而常数变易法是解线性微分方程行之有效的一种方法。 相似文献
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This paper presents the uncertainty modelling of experimental results for a physical model of a tanker moored to a terminal inside a port. The physical model was built for an oil terminal at the port of Leixões in Portugal. The model incorporates the new modified port layout, as well as a future 300 m extension of the port outer north breakwater to enhance operational conditions. The physical model tests were performed on a scale of 1:80 in the Portuguese Civil Engineering Laboratory (LNEC). A generic mooring system of four mooring lines and two fenders is simulated using a nonlinear spring system. Decay tests are carried out to evaluate the natural periods of the moored model. Then, tests are carried out for the moored model in waves. The major aim of the experimental study is to obtain novel results for the wave elevation and direction at various locations inside the port, the ship motions at six degrees of freedom, and loads on mooring lines and fenders including the modified port layout. As the physical model measurements are subjected to different types of uncertainties, a systematic uncertainty analysis is carried out here, following ITTC guidelines and recommendations, to quantify all possible sources of uncertainties. The results are discussed, and several conclusions are reached. Based on the experimental results, the presented physical model study may replicate the results for waves and motions with uncertainties less than 9% of the significant amplitudes. The assessment of the applied nonlinear spring model reveals load predictions on the moorings, with uncertainties less than 4% of the maximum mooring loads. 相似文献
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麦哲伦(Magellan,Ferdinand),葡萄牙著名航海家和探险家.先后为葡萄牙(1505~1512)和西班牙(1519—1521)作航海探险。5个多世纪以来,人们对麦哲伦崇拜得很,都把他看作是世界英雄,因为他是第一个完成环球航行的航海家。这一创举实际上以无可争辩的事实证明了地圆说。从这个意义上讲,麦哲伦的确是 相似文献
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为优化某船用柴油机的燃烧室的"油-气-室"匹配,降低有害物排放,运用AVL Fire对原型燃烧室改用不同燃烧室进行额定工况模拟.结果表明,高低型双涡流室双缩口燃烧室能在上涡流室形成"飞轮效应",相对于原型燃烧室,不仅能增加功率,而且能降低Nox和SOOT的排放.对高低型双涡流室双缩口燃烧室设置不同的高低涡流室的半径比r/R和喷油夹角进行计算.结果表明:随着r/R从0.3增加到1.3,Nox和SOOT的排放量均先减少后增多;当r/R为0.7时,Nox和SOOT的排放量均最少.当喷油夹角为140°~165°时,随着喷油夹角的增大,Nox的排放量先减少后增加,随后再减少,最后又升高;SOOT排放量先减小后增大,随后再减小. 相似文献
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Characteristics of a bubble jet near a vertical wall 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A numerical model of a coupled bubble jet and wall was built on the assumption of potential flow and calculated by the boundary integral method. A three-dimensional computing program was then developed. Starting with the basic phenomenon of the interaction between a bubble and a wall, the dynamics of bubbles near rigid walls were studied systematically with the program. Calculated results agreed well with experimental results. The relationship between the Bjerknes effect of a wall and characteristic parameters was then studied and the calculated results of various cases were compared and discussed with the Blake criterion based on the Kelvin-impulse theory. Our analyses show that the angle of the jet's direction and the pressure on the rigid wall have a close relationship with collapse force and the bubble's characteristic parameters. From this, the application range of Blake criterion can be determined. This paper aims to provide a basis for future research on the dynamics of bubbles near a wall. 相似文献
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