基于CFD的船舶球首型线自动优化

在满足排水量及航速要求情况下设计出性能优良的船体型线,降低船体阻力、节能降耗是造船界一直所追求的目标。船舶球首的大小、位置和形状对船体兴波影响非常大,因此文章通过船型参数化融合方法,生成一系列球首型线,并以兴波阻力最小为目标,采用遗传算法实现球首型线的自动优化。将上述方法应用于某集装箱船球首型线的自动优化,并进行船舶静水阻力实验,实验表明优化船型在设计航速附近总阻力降低明显,说明文中采用的基于CFD船型自动优化方法是可行的。     

基于计算机辅助技术的船舶型线设计

船舶型线设计是船舶设计的重要环节,它决定了船舶的外形、性能和航行特性。传统的船舶型线设计存在设计周期长、效率低、精度不高等问题。近年来,随着计算机辅助技术的发展,船舶型线设计逐渐引入了计算机辅助设计（CAD）,利用CAD软件进行船舶型线的参数化设计和三维建模,能够显著提升船舶设计和优化的效率。通过数值模拟和优化算法,设计师可以对船舶的流体力学特性进行分析和优化,以提高船舶的性能和航行特性。本文介绍NURBS曲线拟合的基本原理,并以船舶的阻力特性为设计约束条件,研究计算机辅助的船舶型线设计,具有实际应用价值。     

基于CATIA的船舶型线设计与仿真

舰船的质量和使用寿命很大程度上取决于船舶的结构与型线设计水平,因此,研究船舶的型线设计与结构优化有重要的意义。CATIA工程软件是法国达索公司开发的一种大型三维设计软件,具有优越的曲面建模、装配仿真、零部件设计等功能,在工业制造和生产领域有非常广泛的应用。本文采用CATIA工程软件精确构建了船舶的三维模型,结合兴波阻力理论和数值计算方法,对船舶的型线优化问题进行了系统的研究。     

基于设计空间探索的型线自动优化

船舶型线优化是改善船舶阻力性能、提高运行经济性的关键环节.文中将型线修改、阻力CFD模拟、设计空间探索优化等流程整合在一起,创建了一个型线"自动优化"的平台.在该平台上实现了对美国海军水面作战中心(Naval Surface Warfare Center)潜艇模型DTRC Model 5470艏部型线的自动优化,得出了一个阻力性能最优的艏部型线方案.经过模型拖曳试验验证,证明了该种"自动优化"方案的可行性与有效性.     

非线性规划算法在船舶型线优化中的应用

船舶型线的优化设计有助于减小船舶航行的阻力,改善船舶的结构应力,提高船舶的航行效率和质量。目前,船舶型线优化技术主要针对船体的水动力性能优化,存在优化范围大、耗时长且优化精度低等缺点,因此,研究一种良好的船舶线型优化技术迫在眉睫。本文首先建立了船舶的兴波阻力数学模型,在此基础上将非线性规划算法和遗传算法应用于船舶的型线优化中,并详细介绍了船舶型线多目标优化的过程。后期的试验结果表明,采用该非线性规划算法的船舶型线优化技术具有精度高、寻优快等优点。     

基于阻力和伴流不均匀度的多用途船型线优化

为探究多用途船首尾型线变化对船舶水动力性能的影响,采用RBF(Radial Basis Functions)曲面变形方法分别对多用途船首尾型线进行变换,使用优化拉丁超立方法设计计算样本,引入Kriging近似模型解决传统CFD计算耗时的问题。在此基础上,以船舶的阻力性能以及桨盘面伴流不均匀度作为优化目标,利用带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)完成整个型线优化流程。计算结果表明,对于该多用途船,船首形状朝V型发展有利于减小兴波阻力,船尾的V型横剖面在接近推进器处逐渐向U型转变,可以在获得更均匀伴流场的同时对阻力性能影响较小。     

基于阻力和伴流不均匀度的多用途船型线优化

为探究多用途船首尾型线变化对船舶水动力性能的影响,采用RBF(Radial Basis Functions)曲面变形方法分别对多用途船首尾型线进行变换,使用优化拉丁超立方法设计计算样本,引入Kriging近似模型解决传统CFD计算耗时的问题。在此基础上,以船舶的阻力性能以及桨盘面伴流不均匀度作为优化目标,利用带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)完成整个型线优化流程。计算结果表明,对于该多用途船,船首形状朝V型发展有利于减小兴波阻力,船尾的V型横剖面在接近推进器处逐渐向U型转变,可以在获得更均匀伴流场的同时对阻力性能影响较小。     

船体艏部水动力性能优化

提出一种以势流兴波阻力理论Rankine源方法为基础,结合SHIPFLOW软件为计算工具,利用CAD-CFD集成平台FRIENDSHIP-Framework软件进行变形优化,研究船舶的最小兴波阻力型线优化设计的方法,并考察了兴波优化得到的船型总阻力变化情况。在型线优化过程中,以兴波阻力系数为目标函数,排水量变化范围为约束条件,在Wigley船体前端增加一个利用Feature建模技术参数化生成的球艏并调整艏部型线使得船体表面光顺。选取球鼻艏形状的各项参数作为基本设计变量,利用DOE方法对船艏进行优化,获得了设计航速下兴波阻力较小的船型,验证了所提方法进行船艏型线优化的有效性。相应的考察变形及优化前后总阻力变化情况表明:在高傅汝德数情况下增加球艏所带来的粘性阻力的增加小于兴波阻力的减小量,总阻力得到了改善,优化后得到的球艏能在进一步减小兴波的同时减小总阻力。此外,还运用所提方法对3100TEU船型的船艏,利用Delta Shift方法进行变形,在设计航速下,将变形的参数作为设计变量,利用DOE方法进行优化设计。结果显示:在排水量限制范围内当球鼻艏向上向前伸展一定长度时可以降低兴波阻力。与此同时,由于优化前后船体湿表面积变化很小,粘性阻力的变化并不明显,兴波的减小则使得总阻力得到了改善。     

船艉线型对船舶阻力性能的影响

以船体阻力性能为优化对象,基于改造母型船法,分析船艉线型的改变对船舶阻力性能的影响。根据船舶主要参数设计要求,参考同类船型,利用Tribon-Lines模块对船舶艉部型线进行改造,生成两种方案船型,并通过CFX软件对母船型以及方案船型进行粘性绕流场的数值模拟,讨论不同航速下艉部线型对船体总阻力的影响。研究结果表明,在以船体阻力性能为优化对象时,选优后的方形艉在相同的航速下阻力低、消耗的功率小、形状效应小、粘压阻力和摩擦阻力也相对较小。     

中型豪华游船直立艏型线设计和优化研究

为改善一型7万总吨级中型豪华游船的经济性和舒适性,在常规球艏优化方案的基础上,开展直立艏的型线设计和优化研究。首先,针对多个典型营运速度下的阻力性能,应用型线优化软件CAESES和CFD软件SHIPFLOW组成的数值优化平台,采用全参数化方法,对船艏型线进行自动优化。然后,应用NUMECA-FINE/Marine软件,对优化方案在经济航速、巡航速度和设计航速三个工况下的静水中的阻力进行更为精细的数值验算,确认优化效果。最后,对常规球艏和优化的直立艏两个方案分别开展模型静水阻力试验和波浪中的阻力试验。静水中的试验结果证实,直立艏优化方案在三个典型航速下的阻力都明显小于常规球艏方案;设计吃水、设计航速下迎浪规则波中的试验结果表明,相比于常规球艏方案,直立艏优化方案的波浪增阻明显更小,垂荡和纵摇响应总体上也有所减小,营运经济性和舒适性都能得到一定程度的提升。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

某海港码头的撞损修复

依据码头撞击受损区域调查检测结果,对受损构件提出合理的修复方案,为码头的安全运行提供保障。