带自由面船体绕流场数值模拟

采用CFD技术模拟带自由表面船体周围粘性流场,自由表面采用VOF法进行处理.将计算结果与经验公式估算结果和模型试验结果进行比较,给出阻力系数、波高等计算结果,较好地反映了船体兴波情况.     

粘流中舟艇水阻力与自由面流场的数值计算

基于粘流理论研究了舟艇的水阻力与自由面流场.数值计算中,控制方程为完整的N-S方程,并采用κ-ε两方程湍流模型封闭雷诺方程,对自由表面的追踪采用VOF方法.为验证本方法的正确性,以系列60船模进行了考核,得到了不同航速下的船体水阻力、自由面流场和相应的粘性阻力系数.并把计算结果与已发表的试验结论及其他计算结果做了比较,结果表明,本文的计算方法是可信的.     

带自由面船体周围粘性流场数值模拟

利用FLUENT流体软件,通过求解三维粘性不可压RANS方程和使用标准k-ε湍流模型对带自由液面船体进行了周围粘性流场的数值模拟。自由液面采用VOF方法处理,得出了不同弗劳德数下船体的粘性阻力系数,并与ITTC1957给出的平板摩擦阻力系数计算公式以及巴普米尔粘压阻力系数公式两者所求的粘性阻力系数相比较,验证了本文方法的可行性,为船舶阻力预报提供了更为精确的流体分析方案。同时,利用VOF方法可以很好的捕捉自由液面波形,反应了船体的兴波现象,为船体优化设计提供重要的参考。     

浅水航道对标准船模KCS的影响研究

基于流体软件STAR-CCM+,应用欧拉多相流、VOF波、6-DOF等物理模型和K-Epsilon湍流模型,分析了不同水深条件下KCS船模的阻力及粘性绕流场的特性。通过改变数值水池水深,比较了深水状态与浅水状态下的阻力差异;分析了浅水中船舶周围的粘性绕流场分布情况。研究发现:随着水深减小,浅水效应对船体阻力的影响显著,流速增大,压力降低,船体下沉,吃水增加,阻力增大;船体兴波波幅增加明显,作用面扩大,兴波阻力增大。     

基于CFD软件的三维船体粘性流的数值模拟

利用商业CFD计算软件FLUENT,在不考虑自由液面情况下,对某低速肥大型船进行粘性流数值模拟,得到在不同傅氏数下的船体摩擦阻力系数及船体周围流场信息,通过把数值模拟计算的摩擦阻力系数和经验公式相比较,验证了FLUENT用于预报三维船体摩擦阻力的有效性,所得到的船体周围的流场信息可以为线型的优化提供一定的参考数据。     

绕Wigley船自由表面粘性流场计算

本文采用商用粘性流场求解软件COMET计算带自由液面绕Wigley船的粘性流动,网格数约为216000。计算中使用标准k-ε湍流模式和壁函数。用HRIC算法确定自由面。同时域步进法得到稳态解,计算的在傅氏数为0.30时的阻力结果与模型试验测量值吻合良好。预报的船体周围的波型及船体表面的波面形状也较合理。     

螺旋桨诱导船体表面脉动压力预报的试验研究

研究了螺旋桨诱导的船体表面脉动压力试验预报值随空气含量变化的规律及螺旋桨模型空泡形态随含气量变化的规律,并与实桨空泡对比分析;探索了脉动压力试验预报与实桨测量值最接近的空气含量控制准则;比较了螺旋桨模型在船模伴流场和修正后的伴流场中工作时,螺旋桨诱导的船体表面脉动压力预报值及螺旋桨模型空泡形态,与实船测量观察结果进行对比,并就伴流场修正对螺旋桨诱导的船体表面脉动压力试验预报的影响作了探讨;研究了螺旋桨诱导的船体表面脉动压力的预报值随桨模试验转速变化的规律。     

绕船体自由面周围三维粘性流场的数值模拟

本文采用有限体积法通过求解不可压缩的雷诺平均(RANS)方程数值模拟了包括兴波的三维船体周围的粘性流场,湍流模式使用了子网格尺度模式(SGS)和Baldwin-Lomax模式相结合的混合模式.对于自由表面的处理,采用了任意拉格朗日-欧拉方法,网格为不仅与物体表面贴体,而且与自由表面贴体的动网格,即随着自由表面的变化要不断地重新划分网格.虽然此方法需要很长的计算时间,但能较好地描述船体的兴波情况.本文计算了系列60船模在Fn=0.316,Re=1.9×106时带自由面的粘性流场,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好.，An finite - volume method solving of incompressible RANS Equations is developed for the numeri-cal simulation of three - dimensional viscous flow with free - surface about a ship. A hybrid turbulence mod-el by combining the sub - grid scale (SGS) model and the Baldwin- Lomax model is used in this pa-per. The arbitrary - Lagrange - Euler formulation is devised for the treatment of free surface boundary condi-tion. The boundary - fitted coordinate system is fitted not only to the ship hull surface but also to the freesurface, so the computational grid is regenerated to follow the free surface deformation. Although this methodneeds spend much longer computational time, but it can fairly display wave pattern made by a ship. The nu-merical simulation has been carried out for viscous flow with free surface past Series 60 ship hull at Fn =0. 316, Re = 1.9 × 106. The computed results are in reasonable agreement with experimental measure-ments.     

基于STAR＿CCM+对5415船模的阻力研究

基于STAR_CCM+软件对5415船模的运动进行数值仿真,获得船模在静水中航行时阻力随航速的变化规律,把所得仿真数值结果与现有的试验值进行对比,并给出船体周围流场信息,验证STAR_CCM+对该船型在静水中数值模拟以及阻力性能预报的有效性。     

船舶前缘引流减阻及流场特性数值模拟

为了减少船舶的粘性阻力,针对一条中低速船舶在其前缘开孔引流探索减阻效果。不计自由液面的影响,采用有限体积法和SIMPLEC算法,湍流模型为SSTk-ω两方程模型,压力采用标准格式,动量方程、湍动能方程和湍流耗散比率方程均采用二阶迎风格式,耦合求解Navier-Stokes方程和连续性方程,分析前缘引流对船体周围流场的影响及减阻效果。计算结果与原型船模的对比性分析显示:船艏压力系数明显降低,尾部压力系数有变化,船体壁面切应力略有降低,引流后总减阻率达到2%以上。     

三体船阻力数值计算及方案优选

采用CFD技术模拟了船池试验三体船型在不同速度下的粘性流场,计算中考虑了自由表面效应影响,数值模拟结果与试验结果进行了比较,然后在此基础上计算了侧体对应于不同纵横向位置时的9种三体船方案的总阻力.分析比较各方案的计算结果后,得出三体船阻力性能较优时侧体布局的一般规律,即侧体纵向位置变化对三体船静水阻力性能影响较大,当侧体横向位置不变,在较高速度时侧体纵向向后布置对阻力性能更有利.最后按阻力性能,从9种计算方案中得出优选方案.     

舵桨相互作用下现代船舶绕流数值研究（英文）

Reducing the fuel consumption of ships presents both economic and environmental gains. Although in the past decades,extensive studies were carried out on the flow around ship hull, it is still difficult to calculate the flow around the hull while considering propeller interaction. In this paper, the viscous flow around modern ship hulls is computed considering propeller action. In this analysis, the numerical investigation of flow around the ship is combined with propeller theory to simulate the hull-propeller interaction. Various longitudinal positions of the rudder are also analyzed to determine the effect of rudder position on propeller efficiency. First, a numerical study was performed around a bare hull using Shipflow computational fluid dynamics(CFD) code to determine free-surface wave elevation and resistance components.A zonal approach was applied to successively incorporate Bpotential flow solver^ in the region outside the boundary layer and wake, Bboundary layer solver^ in the thin boundary layer region near the ship hull, and BNavier-Stokes solver^in the wake region. Propeller open water characteristics were determined using an open-source MATLAB code Open Prop, which is based on the lifting line theory, for the moderately loaded propeller. The obtained open water test results were specified in the flow module of Shipflow for self-propulsion tests. The velocity field behind the ship was recalculated into an effective wake and given to the propeller code that calculates the propeller load. Once the load was known, it was transferred to the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) solver to simulate the propeller action. The interaction between the hull and propeller with different rudder positions was then predicted to improve the propulsive efficiency.     

重叠网格在船舶CFD中的应用研究

文章采用RANS方法和重叠网格计算了带自由液面的船舶绕流问题。计算网格采用重叠网格的型式,自由液面的模拟采用单相Level-Set方法,Reynolds应力采用k-ω模型,采用体单元有限差分方法和PISO算法求解RANS方程。文中简要描述了重叠网格和单相Level Set自由液面模拟方法的数学模型及求解。通过对S60单体船型约束模和自由模型采用重叠网格的数值求解及与试验结果的比较表明该重叠可较好地模拟带自由液面船舶自由态绕流问题。另采用重叠网格对一简单的双体船和三体船进行了数值求解,计算结果也表明重叠网格和单相Level-Set方法可较好地模拟带自由液面的船舶绕流问题。     

带自由面肥大船粘性绕流场的数值模拟

采用直接求解RANS方程的方法对带自由面的肥大型船舶的流场和阻力进行了数值计算,湍流模型选用RNGk-ε两方程模式,自由面的处理采用VOF方法.数值计算结果与已公开试验数据的定量比较相当吻合.计算结果的分析表明:文中发展的CFD计算方法可以满足于带自由面肥大型船舶快速性工程预报的要求.     

绿色35,000吨散货船船体线型优化及设计研究

本文针对新一代绿色环保船型研发的需求,在已有性能较为优良的35000吨散货船的基础上,对船体线型作进一步的优化设计。利用势流计算原理及粘性流计算原理分别对船体周围流场特性进行计算分析,结合在船体线型设计方面的经验对原船线型作进一步的改型优化,并通过水池模型快速性试验验证获得了更为优良的船舶线型。经对线型改型优化,既降低了阻力又提高了推进效率,总的节能效果可达9%。说明线型改型优化已取得了较为明显的效果。此外,采用粘性流计算原理进行数值计算应较势流计算原理更为全面合理。特别对原来快速性能已较优良,方形系数CB较大的船型来说,采用粘性流的计算分析法能获得更为合理的结果。     

船舶多自由度斜航运动水动力数值研究

计及多自由度运动的船舶斜航水动力预报对船舶航行安全具有重要意义。文章通过耦合求解船舶运动方程和雷诺平均N-S方程,并采用VOF方法和高精度自由面捕捉技术对作多自由度斜航运动船舶的粘性绕流场进行数值模拟。船舶动态平衡位置根据计算出的力和力矩来决定,得到包括升沉、纵倾和横倾在内的船舶浮态。文中采用的算例与爱荷华大学进行的模型试验相同,通过比较数值计算结果和试验值验证了该方法的有效性。对船模在受约束和自由运动两种状态下的船舶运动和流场进行模拟,通过比较分析船舶升沉、纵倾和横倾的影响。文中计算获得的详细流场细节特征,包括前体和舭部的涡以及船体表面上的压力,有助于理解船舶斜航运动浮态变化的机理。     

Finite-volume simulation of flows about a ship in maneuvering motion

A finite-volume method of computing the viscous flow field about a ship in maneuvering motion was developed. The time-dependent Navier-Stokes equation discretized in the generalized boundary-fitted curvilinear coordinate system is solved numerically. A third-order upwind differencing scheme, a marker and cell (MAC)-type explicit time marching solution algorithm and a simplified subgrid scale (SGS) turbulence model are adopted. The simulation method is formulated, including the movement of a computational grid fitted to the body boundary that allows computation of the flow field around a body under unsteady motion. To estimate the maneuvering ability of a ship, the accurate prediction of the hydrodynamic forces and moments of the hull is important. Therefore, experimental methods of finding the hydrodynamic forces of a ship in maneuvering motion, such as the oblique towing test, the circular motion test (CMT) and planar motion mechanism (PMM) test, were established. Numerical simulation methods for those captive model experiments were developed introducing computational fluid dynamics (CFD). First, numerical methods for steady oblique tow and steady turn simulation were developed and then extended to unsteady forced motion. Simulations were conducted about several realistic hulls, and the results were verified by comparisons with measured results obtained in model experiments. Hydrodynamic forces and the moment, the longitudinal distribution of the hydrodynamic lateral force, and the pressure distribution on the hull surface showed good agreement.     

舰船气泡尾流数值模拟(英文)

Based on a volume of fluid two-phase model imbedded in the general computational fluid dynamics code FLUENT6.3.26, the viscous flow with free surface around a model-scaled KRISO container ship (KCS) was first numerically simulated. Then with a rigid-lid-free-surface method, the underwater flow field was computed based on the mixture multiphase model to simulate the bubbly wake around the KCS hull. The realizable k-ε two-equation turbulence model and Reynolds stress model were used to analyze the effects of turbulence model on the ship bubbly wake. The air entrainment model, which is relative to the normal velocity gradient of the free surface, and the solving method were verified by the qualitatively reasonable computed results.     

绕船体粘性自由面流动的数值计算

考虑自由面的船舶粘性流动计算由于其复杂性和对计算机硬伯的较高要求，只是到了最近几年才得到较大发展，而在国内尚属起步阶段。本文使用VOF方法计算了绕Wigley船型的粘性自由面流动，流模式选择了SSTκ-ω模型。计算获得了船体上波形以及船波等值线图，同时考察了三个不同横截面上的流动状况。计算得到的阻力还和发表的试验结果作了对比，结果令人鼓舞。     

实尺度喷水推进船拖泵工况数值模拟与分析

对于四泵推进的喷水推进船,在巡航工况时中间加速泵通常处于锁轴状态,其拖曳阻力的大小对喷水推进器的选型以及船泵机的最优匹配有着重要影响。然而,拖泵阻力很难通过船模试验的方法获得。为此,该研究在验证均匀和非均匀条件喷水推进器数值模型的准确性基础上,采用数值试验的方法对18节航速下某双泵推进喷水推进船的实尺度"船体+两台喷水推进器"系统带自由液面的流场进行了数值模拟,计算此时喷泵拖曳阻力及其所占船体阻力的百分比。以此喷泵拖曳阻力作为参考,对尺寸与上述喷水推进泵相近的某四泵推进喷水推进船的喷泵进行了选型和设计,并对该船在18节航速下加速泵拖曳阻力的大小进行了计算,进一步验证选型时拖曳阻力取值的合理性。为消除尺度效应的影响采用实尺度模型对"船体+四台喷水推进器"系统带自由液面的非定常流场进行计算,并探索了大尺度条件下船泵系统考虑自由液面和重力影响的非定常计算方法。