Ship underwater noise assessment by the acoustic analogy,part III: measurements versus numerical predictions on a full-scale ship

The acoustic analogy represents a powerful and versatile approach, able to numerically predict the noise generated by a body moving in a fluid. It is widely used to provide essential indications about the aeroacoustic behavior of aircraft and helicopters (even at a design stage) and, eventually, to pursue effective strategies aimed at desirable reduction and/or control of noise. Nevertheless, applications in the area of hydroacoustics and in the prediction of ship underwater noise are very rare. In this paper, the potential of the acoustic analogy is directly tested on a large ferry, for which a measurement campaign at sea was performed. In spite of the complexity of the tested configuration [the ship mounts two contracted and loaded tip (CLT) propellers located ahead of two rudders, and its hull is characterized by a rather elongated skeg] and the many variables not taken into account in the numerical simulation (such as the contribution from machinery noise and the probable occurrence of tip vortex cavitation), the agreement between the measured and computed noise spectra is quite satisfactory. The analysis suggests many interesting features of the ship hydroacoustic field: the dominant role played by nonlinear sources far from the body and the relevance of scattering effects from the hull surface. Furthermore, the scattered pressure seems to contribute to alter the frequency content of the resulting signatures with respect to the blade passage frequencies. Finally, an overview of future developments and applications of this numerical approach for marine/maritime problems is presented.     

高速铁路环境电磁兼容测试场地衰减的修正

根据John Berry的理论,基于特定平衡不平衡转换器的等效电路,建立测试场地的仿真模型,采用矩量法仿真计算场地衰减(SA)。将仿真计算的实际测试场地SA与理想测试场地SA的差值(ΔSA)作为修正值,用于修正实际场地的测量SA。分别仿真计算测试场地、控制室和避雷针3种影响因素单独存在和同时存在时的ΔSA。并将实际场地的仿真计算SA与测量SA进行比较。结果表明:这3种因素均对SA有影响;ΔSA的最大值达到0.74 dB;可将ΔSA用于对实际场地的测量SA的修正;仿真计算的实际场地SA结果与测量的结果基本吻合,验证了仿真计算方法的有效性。     

轿车车门关闭能量优化

介绍了轿车车门关闭能量的影响因素,从理论研究和实车开发两方面分析影响关闭能量的主要因素,并对参数进行优化设计,以满足用户对车门关闭轻便、灵活的要求。     

8PC2—5L型柴油主机拉缸现象的分析与修理

某客货滚装船8PC2—5L型主机在营运过程中出现拉缸现象，经船方几次更换新的活塞均无法消除此现象。拉缸通常由以下原因引起：燃油和燃烧的质量不好；冷却水温的管理不当；润滑油的供给不充分；活塞装置的轴心线与曲轴的轴心线垂直度超出了允许偏差范围。该船进厂后，我们与船方共同研究分析产生拉缸现象的原因。船方首先排除冷却水温与润滑油供给的影响。     

称重传感器性能及相关参数的测量

简要介绍称重传感器基本构成，工作原理，称重传感器基本参数测量原理和测试方法，故障分析及判断。     

水底大型泥水盾构盾尾密封失效的应对技术

水底大型盾构法隧道常因地层透水性强、水压高而采用泥水平衡盾构机施工,盾尾密封失效事故发生概率较低,但一旦发生其后果较为严重,甚至是灾难性的,风险等级评价为3C,即三级需要决策采取措施的风险。针对杭州市庆春路过江隧道盾构掘进过程中盾尾密封失效导致漏水漏浆的险情,分析了其盾尾密封失效的原因,研究提出了大型泥水盾构盾尾密封失效情况下采用液氮冷冻措施形成盾尾冻土环帷幕止水,在冻土帷幕止水保护下对盾尾管片拆、复拼并检查、更换、增补盾尾刷综合治理技术,经工程实践证明该技术是安全、有效、合理的。     

水闸坞式结构的计算及数值模拟

坞式结构整体工程安全性的结构分析通过常规计算手段已经较为成熟,但缺乏综合所有外界条件对其中特殊节点的详细影响分析。为此采用Sap2000系列软件对坞式结构进行整体三维计算和二维简化计算,并与常规计算手段进行对比验证,以便为日后通过有限元方法有效分析该结构做准备。     

基于国六标准工况的重型柴油机PN排放特性研究

搭建柴油机排放测试平台,探究某重型柴油机在国六阶段瞬态循环和稳态循环试验中颗粒数目的排放特性。结果表明:无论是瞬态循环还是稳态循环,柴油机颗粒数排放都与其DPF碳载量密切相关。     

声波透射法在冲孔灌注桩质量检测中的应用研究

声波透射法是基桩质量检测中的常用方法之一,特别在大直径灌注桩的完整性检测中具有独特优势。本文对声波透射法的基本原理及检测方法进行了简要阐述,就如何获取声学参数及判定基桩完整性进行了分析,并结合工程实例加以分析和说明,对声波透射法检测技术的应用具有一定的参考价值。