对GB 20074—2006标准修订稿的解读与研究

GB 20074—2006《摩托车和轻便摩托车外部凸出物》标准是完全采用欧盟97/24/EC指令第3章技术要求编制的,主要目的是防止车辆在骑行过程中对行人造成擦伤或发生事故时避免对骑乘双方造成二次伤害,涉及到摩托车产品主、被动两方面安全性要求。由于该标准在执行过程中,包括日本、欧盟及中国企业在内的不同国家、不同企业、不同检验认证机构等,对标准的一些技术条款的理解和检验方法存在异议,导致测量结果差异,为了体现标准的科学性、合理性及先进性,国家标准化管理委员会2010年下达了修订项目计划。     

Elaboration and quantitative assessment of manoeuvrability for motorcycle lane change

The desire to quantitatively assess vehicle manoeuvrability and handling has led to the development of various expressions, or metrics, which typically relate system input to system output. With regard to motorcycle manoeuvrability, a notable example of such a measure, or metric, is the Koch index [Koch, J., 1978, Experimentelle und Analytische Untersuchungen des Motorraad-Fahrer Systems. Dissertation, Berlin.]. This article describes the development of a new metric applied to lane change (LC) tests and coined ‘LC roll index’. This metric takes into account the peak-to-peak values of the rider-input steering torque divided by the peak-to-peak roll rate response of the vehicle and normalizes this quantity by the forward velocity. In addition to this new metric, an analytical expression is developed, which in many cases summarizes a motorcycle’s LC performance in a single, terse, analytical term. Experimental results are presented for three vastly different motorcycles: a scooter, a street, and a touring motorcycle performing variations of the LC manoeuvre. Numerous test runs for each vehicle are analysed and the results are summarized along with those presented in the recent literature. Finally, simulation results are presented to highlight the correlation between the proposed indices and handling.     

美国摩托车的早期预警及缺陷召回制度综述

摩托车质量问题是一个复杂的系统工程，安全预警及缺陷召回制度对于保障摩托车产品质量具有重要意义。美国是摩托车起步较早的国家之一。经过多年的发展，美国的摩托车产品的安全预擎及召回制度已经形成了一套完整有效的体系。我国摩托车产品的市场预警及召回管理还有空白，需有关部门制定相应的管理制度。     

Modeling and analysis of mixed flow of cars and powered two wheelers

In modern cities, a rapid increase of motorcycles and other types of Powered Two-Wheelers (PTWs) is observed as an answer to long commuting in traffic jams and complex urban navigation. Such increasing penetration rate of PTWs creates mixed traffic flow conditions with unique characteristics that are not well understood at present. Our objective is to develop an analytical traffic flow model that reflects the mutual impacts of PTWs and Cars. Unlike cars, PTWs filter between cars, have unique dynamics, and do not respect lane discipline, therefore requiring a different modeling approach than traditional “Passenger Car Equivalent” or “Follow the Leader”. Instead, this work follows an approach that models the flow of PTWs similarly to a fluid in a porous medium, where PTWs “percolate” between cars depending on the gap between them.Our contributions are as follows: (I) a characterization of the distribution of the spacing between vehicles by the densities of PTWs and cars; (II) a definition of the equilibrium speed of each class as a function of the densities of PTWs and cars; (III) a mathematical analysis of the model’s properties (IV) an impact analysis of the gradual penetration of PTWs on cars and on heterogeneous traffic flow characteristics.The proposed model could contribute as an enabler for ‘PTW-aware’ future Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems technologies and traffic regulations.     

Analysis on Dynamic Characteristics of Motorcycle Frame and hnproving Design （1）

通过对车架结构动态性能的评估,找出动力学上的缺陷并进行合理的结构修改,改善了车架结构的动态特性,减小了摩托车振动,为摩托车结构的减振优化研究提供了可借鉴的方法。     

摩托车发动机凸轮测量测头替换方法

采用平面测头有利于凸轮型面的加工和凸轮升程的测量,但这就涉及到测量时的测头替换问题,也就是说,在加工和测量工艺条件有限、或某种特殊场合无法采用符合设计要求型式和形状的测头时,允许用测头替换方法采用不符合设计要求的测头进行凸轮测量。     

摩托车后视镜新标准应对措施探讨

摩托车后视镜作为车辆的安全装置之一,对骑乘者、行人及车辆安全起着至关重要的保护作用。随着GB 17352—2010《摩托车和轻便摩托车后视镜的性能和安装要求》标准的颁布与实施,诸多设计、使用上的安全问题需引起高度重视。     

摩托车污染物排放控制生产一致性的研讨(1)

摩托车排放生产一致性对于保证摩托车产品质量、切实降低摩托车排放具有重要的意义。解析摩托车污染物排放控制的技术要求、排放控制技术路线及生产一致性控制的难点,有利于帮助企业增强应对摩托车国Ⅲ排放和燃油蒸发排放控制生产一致性的能力。     

通过车架优化设计减小摩托车整车振动的探讨

虽然发动机的优化设计能减小整车的振动,但在发动机一定的情况下,通过对车架总体型式的选择,局部结构的优化设计及巧妙匹配,同样也能减小振动,大大提高整车骑乘舒适性。     

对《摩托车和轻便摩托车减震器》标准中关于“静负荷特性、静摩擦力”的认识（1）

静负荷特性图表达了减震器的综合性能,静摩擦力图表达了减震器的制造技术,分析和研究这些曲线图,对掌握减震器设计、工艺、测试、品控非常重要。由于减震器的特殊性,图面给定的一些设计参数在实施测试时要加以处理,否则会出现测试数据与设计参数不符现象。静负荷特性图在减震器试制阶段尤为重要,减震器设计要依据该曲线图的要求展开;静摩擦...