In-use measurement of the activity, fuel use, and emissions of eight cement mixer trucks operated on each of petroleum diesel and soy-based B20 biodiesel

In-use micro-scale fuel use and emission rates were measured for eight cement mixer trucks using a portable emission measurement system. Each vehicle was tested on petroleum diesel and B20 biodiesel. Average fuel use and emission rates increase monotonically versus engine manifold absolute pressure. A typical duty cycle includes loading at a cement plant, transit while loaded from the cement plant to work site, creeping in a queue of vehicles at the worksite, unloading, and transit without load from the site to the plant. For B20 versus petroleum diesel, there is no significant change in the rate of fuel use, CO₂ emissions, and NO emissions, and significant decreases in emissions for CO, hydrocarbons, and particulate matter. For loaded versus unloaded onroad travel, fuel use and CO₂ emissions rates are approximately 60% higher and the rates for other pollutants are approximately 30–50% higher. A substantial portion of cycle emissions occurred at the work site. Inter-vehicle and intra-cycle variability are also quantified using the micro-scale methodology.     

Women’s mode and trip structure choices in daily activity-travel: a developing country perspective

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we analyze the travel patterns of Iranian women, where typical patriarchal views and specific social and cultural norms may differ from the patterns of those in western societies. In addition to inherent psycho-physical gender differences, women in Iran can face special constraints forcing them not to be involved in all activity-travel patterns that people in developed countries usually undertake. We pay special attention to the role of marital and employment status on women’s activity-travel patterns. To this end, we develop a joint mode and daily activity pattern (DAP) discrete choice model, which is a two-level mixed nested Logit. The upper nest of the proposed model embodies women’s DAP choices, and the lower nest belongs to the mode choices. In this paper, we try to show how different factors in a patriarchal Muslim society like Iran affect or restrict women’s type and structure of activity-travel patterns.     

表面活性氧在排气净化催化剂中作用机制的研究

针对发动机的发展趋势,结合当前机动车尾气催化剂的研究进展,对催化剂中的表面活性氧种的种类以及它们的催化活性进行了讨论;同时对表面氧种的产生、脱附、存储、迁移以及相互关系进行了归纳。此外,对它们在催化反应中的行为和作用机制的研究状况进行了综述,并提出了研究中存在的问题以及建议。     

基于C／S和B／S模式结合的铁路信号微机监测网络系统

本文提出了基于C／S和B／S模式结合的微机监测系统，介绍了其结构设计和功能设计，并对系统所采用的相关技术进行了讨论     

基于B/S结构的工程资料全过程管理系统建设

针对目前航道部门对工程资料管理要求的不断提高,提出基于B/S网络开发环境的工程资料全过程管理系统(EDPMS)的建设,使其工程资料的管理更加有序、规范、科学,查询方便、高效。系统经过测试,达到预期效果。     

关于实践中应用倒签提单的法律探讨

对倒签提单的性质、应用进行了详细的论述,对目前我国倒签提单的实践应用及法律现状做了仔细分析并提出了自己的观点。     

高山区GPS网正常高求解方法研究

导出了计算地形起伏引起的高程异常的实用公式，该公式特别适用于地形复杂地区，能避免中央区域的积分奇异。在此基础上建立了顾及地形影响的ＧＰＳ正常高求解的数学模型。文中讨论了两种ＧＰＳ正常高求解的方法，并通过实际工程算例验证了本文所述方法的实用性和有效性。     

试述电子提单之流转框架

阐释了电子提单的新概念,对电子提单的流转过程做了理论性的探讨,并以框图的形式给读者更直观的理解。     

SS3B固定重联机车的研制

系统介绍了由2节SS3B机车经过技术改造成12轴重载货运SS3B固定重联机车；重点介绍了机车的主要结构、性能参数和总体布置，同时简述了机车的主要系统和特点。试验表明，机车的改造是成功的。     

DF8B机车轮对踏面剥离的原因分析及对策

介绍了合肥机务段DF8B机车轮对剥离的情况,从机车的运用条件及轮对本身质量等方面分析了原因并提出改进建议.