信号交叉口增量延误分析

为了对交通信号控制参数进行优化,需对交叉口延误进行定量分析与计算.对已有的平面信号交叉口增量延误模型提出了改进,并且对该模型进行了校正.针对交叉口处于非饱和与过饱和状态下的交通状况,用排队论分析并推导了交叉口增量延误公式.其结果既完善了现有的延误计算理论,又可为设置信号相位提供理论依据.     

高速公路主线流量对入口加速车道设计影响分析

提出了以高速公路加速车道合流等待理论为基础的加速车道长度设计方法和以排队论为孤入口匝道交通控制方法。这些方法克服了传统方法中忽视主线交通量的情况，特别是在主线较 挤的条件下加速车道上排队的情况，地正确地设计加速车道长度，避免交通拥挤和 交通事故有一定的理论意义。     

绞吸挖泥船轴扭矩及功率测试

针对绞吸挖泥船轴扭矩及功率测试的问题,进行了现场测试和泥泵性能试验,介绍了一种绞吸挖泥船轴扭矩及轴功率测试试验装置。采用船舶应变片式轴功率测量方法,得出泥泵在850、900、950、1 000 r/min共4个转速下的泥泵性能参数;并对柴油机在945 r/min转速下,油门刻度18时的瞬时扭矩和平均扭矩进行计算。得出结论：在流量不变的情况下,泵的转速越高,扬程越高、功率越高;在流速在1~1.51 m3/s时,泥泵在4个转速下的水功率十分接近;随着流量的增大,转速越大,泵的水功率越高。     

考虑超孔压随深度变化一维固结计算式的推导

对于含有深厚粘土的饱和地基,路基荷载引起的压缩层中的附加应力近似呈折线形衰减。为了进一步提高固结计算精度,以太沙基一维固结理论为基础,推导出了初始超孔压随深度变化为折线形的孔隙水压力计算式,并讨论了计算式的收敛速度,在保证精度的基础上适当进行一定的简化,得出了整个压缩层的平均固结度计算式。     

集装箱港区排队缓冲区交通设计研究

通过分析研究国内外集装箱港区排队缓冲区形式,提出了排队缓冲区分类方法以及功能组成结构,并在大型车辆外廓尺寸和转弯半径研究基础上,创新性地对减速换道功能区、临时等候功能区和排队检查功能区的交通设计内容及方法展开研究。     

A shockwave profile model for traffic flow on congested urban arterials

In this paper a new traffic flow model for congested arterial networks, named shockwave profile model (SPM), is presented. Taking advantage of the fact that traffic states within a congested link can be simplified as free-flow, saturated, and jammed conditions, SPM simulates traffic dynamics by analytically deriving the trajectories of four major shockwaves: queuing, discharge, departure, and compression waves. Unlike conventional macroscopic models, in which space is often discretized into small cells for numerical solutions, SPM treats each homogeneous road segment with constant capacity as a section; and the queuing dynamics within each section are described by tracing the shockwave fronts. SPM is particularly suitable for simulating traffic flow on congested signalized arterials especially with queue spillover problems, where the steady-state periodic pattern of queue build-up and dissipation process may break down. Depending on when and where spillover occurs along a signalized arterial, a large number of queuing patterns may be possible. Therefore it becomes difficult to apply the conventional approach directly to track shockwave fronts. To overcome this difficulty, a novel approach is proposed as part of the SPM, in which queue spillover is treated as either extending a red phase or creating new smaller cycles, so that the analytical solutions for tracing the shockwave fronts can be easily applied. Since only the essential features of arterial traffic flow, i.e., queue build-up and dissipation, are considered, SPM significantly reduces the computational load and improves the numerical efficiency. We further validated SPM using real-world traffic signal data collected from a major arterial in the Twin Cities. The results clearly demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the model. We expect that in the future this model can be applied in a number of real-time applications such as arterial performance prediction and signal optimization.     

Real time queue length estimation for signalized intersections using travel times from mobile sensors

We study how to estimate real time queue lengths at signalized intersections using intersection travel times collected from mobile traffic sensors. The estimation is based on the observation that critical pattern changes of intersection travel times or delays, such as the discontinuities (i.e., sudden and dramatic increases in travel times) and non-smoothness (i.e., changes of slopes of travel times), indicate signal timing or queue length changes. By detecting these critical points in intersection travel times or delays, the real time queue length can be re-constructed. We first introduce the concept of Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time which is related to the non-smoothness of queuing delay patterns and queue length changes. We then show how measured intersection travel times from mobile sensors can be processed to generate sample vehicle queuing delays. Under the uniform arrival assumption, the queuing delays reduce linearly within a cycle. The delay pattern can be estimated by a linear fitting method using sample queuing delays. Queue Rear No-delay Arrival Time can then be obtained from the delay pattern, and be used to estimate the maximum and minimum queue lengths of a cycle, based on which the real-time queue length curve can also be constructed. The model and algorithm are tested in a field experiment and in simulation.     

公交浮动车辆到站时间实时预测模型

根据公交浮动车辆实时GPS数据,考虑不同时段的路段平均速度、公交车站、信号灯等多因素的影响,建立了一种新的公交车辆到站时间预测模型.通过估计到达下游最临近站点的时间和判断道路上GPS数据的有效性等方法,改善了预测模型的精度,并应用重庆公交车辆数据对模型进行验证.计算结果表明:该模型能够实时预测公交浮动车辆到达下游站点的...     

基于出租车GPS数据的路段平均速度估计模型

为了解决现有基于GPS数据的路段平均速度估计模型应用条件苛刻、难以满足低成本和高精度信息需求问题,考虑不同类型GPS车辆运行特征,设计了两个基于出租车GPS数据估计路段平均速度的改进模型.基于两个改进模型,设计了路段平均速度的融合估计方法.用某城市局部路网的出租车GPS数据验证两个改进模型,并与传统模型进行了对比分析....     

高速公路养护预算定额测定对象的优选方法

在高速公路养护定额测定对象的选择上采用了基于层次分析的模糊综合评价法,介绍了基于层次分析的模糊综合评价法的原理及应用,对若干个施工队组的实际情况进行模型模拟计算.结果表明:选择结果满足了定额编制的平均先进性原则,表明基于层次分析的模糊综合评价法应用于高速公路养护定额测定对象的选择上是合理可行的.