An range-free localization scheme for large scale underwater wireless sensor networks

In this paper, we study an area localization problem in large scale underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). The limited bandwidth, the severely impaired channel and the cost of underwater equipment all make the underwater localization problem very challenging. Exact localization is very difficult for UWSNs in deep underwater environment. We propose a range free method based on mobile detachable elevator transceiver (DET) and 3D multi-power area localization scheme (3D-MALS) to address the challenging problem. In the proposed scheme, the ideas of 2D multi-power area localization scheme (2D-ALS) and utilizing DET are used to achieve the simplicity, location accuracy, scalability and low cost performances. The DET can rise and get down to broadcast its position. And it is assumed that all the underwater nodes underwater have pressure sensors and know their z coordinates. We evaluate the performances of 2D-ALS and our proposed 3D-MALS schemes under both ideal and non-ideal channel propagation conditions, in terms of localization error and localization ratio. The simulation results show that our proposed scheme is much more efficient than the 2D-ALS.     

Constrained submap algorithm for simultaneous localization and mapping

When solving the problem of simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), a standard extended Kalman filter (EKF) is subject to linearization errors and causes optimistic estimation. This paper proposes a submap algorithm, which builds a weighted least squares (WLS) constraint between two adjacent submaps according to the different estimations of the common features and the relationship between the vehicle poses in the corresponding submaps. By establishing the constraint equation after loop closing, re-linearization is implemented and each submap’s reference frame tends to its equilibrium position quickly. Experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm could get a globally consistent map and linearization errors are limited in local regions.     

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针对城市交通管理控制中对于宏观交通状态分析的需求,提出了一种新型的大范围交通状态观测分析方法。首先依据路网中各个路口的综合交通状态值,利用逐点内插法,得到整个路网范围内各个路口之间区域的虚拟交通状态值,并通过状态值到色彩值之间的映射变换生成直观生动描述大范围路网交通状态的交通状态伪色彩图;接着利用Otsu图像分割算法,将交通状态伪色彩图进行分割,自动发现其中的拥堵区域;随后利用基于梯度的光流法,提取出图中呈现出的典型交通状态演化模式,用于指导宏观交通管理和控制;最后,利用北京市实际的交通数据进行的仿真研究证实了该算法的有效性。     

Development of an intelligent CAE system for auto-body concept design

The concept design phase is a critical step in auto-body design, as it has a great effect on later design work. This paper describes the implementation of an auto-body structure design in the early stages of a new auto-body developing program. In order to reduce the long design period and analysis error that plagues traditional auto-body concept design, an intelligent CAE system has been successfully developed and implemented based on the UGS NX/API opening platform. This system, the so-called ACD-ICAE (Auto-body concept design-intelligent computer aided engineering) System that means concept design-intelligent computer aided engineering system, employs a fully parametrized template method to build the conceptual auto-body geometry model and FEM model quickly and easily. It also integrates auto-body modeling, analysis and optimization on only one CAD platform via a parametric variables database. Moreover, all parametric variables are shared and updated in different phases of the ACD-ICAE System. A wizard User Interface (UI) based on knowledge of auto-body engineering was developed and used in this system. The procedures implementing the functional diagram of the ACD-ICAE system are also provided. A typical example of a car body concept design with four doors shows that the ACD-ICAE system is efficient and accurate.     

带阻尼失谐周期多跨连续梁的振动局部化问题

利用传递矩阵法分析研究了带阻尼失谐周期多跨梁中的振动局部化现象,将阻尼和失谐对于近周期结构的动力性能的影响进行了比较,并分析了两者同时存在时引起的综合效应与它们各自的影响之间的关系．结果表明：在无阻尼周期结构中处于“通频”范围内的振动能够传遍整个结构而不会发生衰减,但当结构中存在阻尼或失谐时,同样的振动在传播过程中将会发生指数衰减．     

车辆定位的地图匹配算法研究

车载导航定位系统是智能交通系统的重要组成部分,其中地图匹配又是提高车辆定位精度的重要技术。从数字地图本身的属性特征出发,利用数字地图的地面高程模型对现有的地图匹配算法进行改进,并通过实验数据对改进后的算法加以验证,其结果表明改进后的算法能够获得较高的定位精度和更可靠的匹配性能。     

浮动车数据中零速度点数据地图匹配方法

浮动车数据中存在大量的由于车辆频繁停车引起瞬时速度为零的停车点记录,这些零速度点由于方向角不准确,常规的投影和几何地图匹配的算法不能有效地将其匹配到路段上。通过对浮动车辆停车原因进行分析,提出了1种基于浮动车停车点数据过滤筛选的地图匹配方法,可以将能够表示路段交通状态的交叉口车辆排队零速度点提取出来,匹配到路段上,同时过滤掉和交通状态无关的零速度点,从而增加了有效样本数量,为进一步对整个路网运行状态的全面评估提供数据支持。     

路面破损特征量的激光检测研究

为科学准确地计算出某一路段沥青路面的破损量,降低维护费用,研制了路面破损激光检测系统,应用激光测距仪、倾角传感器、陀螺仪等先进电子传感器对路面的破损特征量进行三维测量和定位,来检测路面的破损程度及通过坐标变换法计算出沥青路面的总破损体积量。     

基于在线地图交通状态的关键道路动态识别方法

交通拥堵问题日趋严重,关键道路识别成为了交通领域的研究重点. 以在线地图的交通状态数据为基础,利用时空相关性理论计算道路交通状态的预测值和波动影响值,并通过Moran 散点图划分道路类型,提出了基于在线地图交通状态的关键道路动态识别方法. 首先,调用在线地图开发者平台API 采集路网的交通状态数据,利用集成学习动态预测交通状态;其次,分析交通状态波动的传播结构,以此量化道路对其近邻道路的影响值;然后,结合道路交通状态的预测值和波动影响值划分道路类型,进而识别出关键道路;最后,以实际路网为例,论证方法可行性.     

京张高铁GIS地理信息系统构建研究

为更好地服务于智能京张高铁建设,发挥空间地理信息的基础支撑作用,为京张高铁各业务信息系统提供规范的铁路地理信息数据和空间信息服务,实现铁路空间信息资源共享共用。面向铁路应用需求,运用面向对象的空间数据管理、服务式GIS、地图缓存及更新等关键技术,采用"一张图+N服务"的空间信息应用模式,完成铁路、地方多源空间信息的融合,提供京张高铁GIS门户、在线地图、数据管理等服务。京张高铁地理信息平台集成了国家基础地理信息数据、铁路专业公用地理信息数据,形成了面向铁路多业务、多模式的铁路地理信息平台标准体系框架。