无底价招标-降低地铁工程造价的有效措施

对地铁建设招标评标办法做进一步思考,分析传统的政府定额方式确定工程招标标底评标的利弊,探讨与论证市场化的“无底价招标法”在地铁建设中的运用和发展;指出无底价招标法可维护招标工作的公开、公正和公平的基本原则,能够取得经济效益和社会效益的最大化。     

大跨度预应力箱梁预制悬拼施工及定额分析

系统介绍PC梁长线法预制方法，引入短线法的施工概念，详述架桥机悬拼施工工艺。此文重点从台座线型设置、预制工艺、操作细则、悬拼要点及步骤等方面说明其施工技术特点和质量控制措施，施工组织和悬拼定额。     

车站信号机房建筑物防雷定额补充编制的探讨

铁路信号防雷事关铁路的行车安全和工作人员的生命安全，意义重大。但是，铁路信号防雷在投资控制方面还存在造价标准不够完善等问题，为此，有必要对信号机房建筑物防雷的信号机房建筑物室外防雷、信号机房屏蔽层防雷、信号机房建筑物综合地网、信号机房电源引入防雷和信号外线防雷等5部分定额的补充编制进行深入的探讨，使铁路信号防雷的投资控制更加规范化和标准化。     

限额设计与工程造价控制

该文从目前建设工程设计中存在的问题入手,简述了限额设计的含义,说明推行限额设计的重要性,提出了加强限额管理控制工程造价的一些措施,并就如何推行限额设计,控制工程造价进行了探讨。     

基于无师GFMM神经网络的公路工程工时定额测算方法研究

论述了工时定额的概念及影响因素、常用的工时定额制定方法、线性神经网络模型的不足。提出了一种模糊极大极小人工神经网络模型的工时定额测算方法,该方法不仅具有一般神经网络的优点,可以输入n维模糊量,而且能够直接处理模糊变量。同时,网络的训练采用无师学习方法,使得模型能够应付新出现的影响因素,从而可以解决新技术、新工艺的出现对工时定额的动态影响。     

铁路工业劳动定额管理信息系统研究

阐述如何采用计算机编制铁路工业劳动定额以及如何将劳动定额与企业的BOM表进行衔接,最终计算出产品各大部件及整个产品的劳动定额的方法.     

Adapting to Catch Shares: Perspectives of West Coast Groundfish Trawl Participants

Abstract

Catch share programs are used in fisheries management to meet goals such as species recovery, overcapacity reduction, and economic efficiency. Anticipated impacts include fleet consolidation, infrastructure reduction, and social disruption within communities. The Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Social Study (PCGFSS) aims to understand social changes related to the recently implemented West Coast Groundfish Trawl Catch Share Program. In this article, we use a subset of PCGFSS data to explore the ways remaining fishery participants have thus far adapted to catch shares. While some vessels have left the fishery, we found that many participants are adapting to this catch shares program despite challenges. Quota leasing strategies, fishery diversification, gear innovation, and community quota funds are some of the tools participants are using to continue operating under the catch shares program. These early challenges and adaptations to the catch share program are worthy of continued tracking, as researchers, managers, and fishing communities, would benefit by considering first-hand perspectives of the on-the-ground realities of harvesting groundfish in the rationalized fishery.     

Implementation Challenges for Quota Set-Asides: Policy Analysis to Inform Fisheries Management Decision-Making

Abstract

The implementation of catch share programs can have socio-economic and ecological benefits, yet may also change the distribution of those benefits within a fishery or across communities. Quota set-asides can mitigate the impacts of these changes. During the implementation of the West Coast groundfish trawl catch share program, 10% of the quota was set aside to be used toward five goals in the Adaptive Management Program (AMP). This quota was to serve as an insurance policy during the substantial changes that were expected to occur under the new management regime. However, this program has not yet been fully developed, in part due to delayed decision-making and the controversial nature of allocating quota. Here, we examine and score six policy options for the AMP against four criteria: effectiveness, flexibility, political viability, and implementability. While each of the options has strengths and weaknesses, those that ranked highly include allocating quota pounds (QP) via the status quo and via auction. Our results highlight the drawbacks of delaying contentious decisions, where uncertainty for participants can constrain operational decisions and subsequent economic gains. We demonstrate the utility of this decision-making framework for evaluating tradeoffs between alternatives, especially for a program with multiple, competing objectives.     

基于案例的城市轨道交通车站能耗定额标准研究

车站能耗定额标准是城市轨道交通能耗评价和节能工作的重要基础.本文从我国城市轨道交通发展对能耗的需求出发，分析城市轨道交通系统能耗的构成；以北京市轨道交通部分车站为例，分析不同类型车站的设备能耗构成，特点和建筑面积，日客流量，敷设方式，出入口数量等因素对能耗的影响；基于能耗定额评价方法，提出包含基本、奢侈性、舒适性能耗定额水平的车站能耗定额标准；基于不同类型车站，探讨非空调季和空调季的车站能耗定额标准的差异，从达到能耗目标角度提出相应的节能策略.     

广义CAPP系统

广义CAPP是根据工厂实际和信息需求分析提出的一种新概念。文中重点论述了广义CAPP的定义、系统的功能结构、关系模型和工作原理。它的实施不仅可弥补传统CAPP的功能不足之处,而且还可与相关的生产管理,材料管理和成本管理系统提供综合性信息服务,从而达到工厂总体最优化目标。因而它对我国CAPP系统的研究和发展具有一定的意义。