高性能预应力混凝土空心板梁系列优化设计研究

在前期实验室单板受力性能试验和2座试验桥工程建设成功经验基础上,进行了跨度13～25m、宽度1 2m、采用C80高强混凝土和1860级高强低松弛预应力钢绞线的新型双拱门式断面(空心率为45%～64%)预应力混凝土空心板梁系列优化设计。与普通强度等级预应力混凝土空心板梁进行的对比分析结果表明,高性能预应力混凝土空心板梁具有明显的技术经济效益,并可由原材料消耗的减少和路基高度的降低带来环境保护方面的社会效益,具有较好的工程推广应用价值。     

橡胶改性沥青加铺应力吸收层技术研究

半刚性材料的反射裂缝问题是不可避免的。采用橡胶粉改性沥青应力吸收层技术,能够很好地解决半刚性基层裂缝反射和雨水下渗的问题。从材料、施工和检测等方面对橡胶粉改性沥青应力吸收层技术进行了研究。     

Hoop stress approximation in offshore design codes

For a circular cylindrical vessel with an elastic material, Lame equations can accurately predict hoop stress variation within the vessel wall. However, because of the complexity involved in Lame formulations they are seldom used in design. In this paper, Lame equations are reproduced in terms of vessel outer and material cross-sectional areas and presented in a very simple format that enables hoop stress calculation without use of any approximation. Lame equations are also presented in terms of diameter-to-wall-thickness ratios in order to perform parametric studies. For a practical range of diameter-to-wall-thickness ratios the Lame hoop stress predictions are compared with approximate solutions of a selected design codes. For a range of loading conditions, comparison of results shows that a number of design codes overestimate the hoop stress. In contrast, a selection of offshore codes is shown to underestimate the hoop stress and, for a certain loading condition some codes ignore the hoop stress effect completely. The present paper also shows how the hoop stress approximation may lead to onerous results when the true wall axial stress is derived based on design code hoop stress formulations. It is concluded that what makes the present hoop stress formulations so important in design is their ability to interpret the mechanics of behavior that Lame equations strived to reveal.     

中央自动充放气铜管开裂失效分析

通过对中央充放气铜管宏观检查、化学成分分析、硬度测试、氨熏试验等结果分析,确定了其开裂原因是由于工件冷变形后未消除残余应力,加之装配后产生的应力,在露天放置又受到大气雨水等共同作用,形成了腐蚀环境,导致产生应力腐蚀裂纹。并提出了去应力退火预防中央充放气铜管开裂,效果良好。     

虚拟支撑力法数值模拟技术的应用

文章结合湖南雪峰山特长公路隧道的工程实践,根据隧道开挖过程中地应力随施工工序逐步释放的真实过程,基于有限元计算程序,运用“施加虚拟支撑力法”进行适当的开发,对隧道开挖过程进行数值模拟研究,获得了对隧道围岩应力形变场一种快捷准确的认识思路,不仅能更好的符合工程实际,也为隧道开挖过程的数值模拟研究提供了一种思路和方法。     

关于30m预应力T型梁沿预应力管道方向裂缝的分析

通过荷载试验和理论分析的方法，分析30m预应力T型梁肋部沿预应力管道方向裂缝对承载能力的影响、产生的原因、处理方法等。     

斜拉桥索塔施工过程的模拟分析

文章以神农溪斜拉桥索塔为研究对象，运用有限元分析软件Midas／civil建立索塔的空间模型，对索塔有临时支撑和无临时支撑两种施工方式进行模拟分析，结果表明：在索塔斜塔柱施工过程中添加临时支撑钢管减小了斜塔柱的应力，优化了索塔的应力状态。     

Urban roadside monitoring and prediction of CO,NO2 and SO2 dispersion from on-road vehicles in megacity Delhi

The study inspects the traffic-induced gaseous emission dispersion characteristics from the urban roadside sites in Delhi, India. The concentration of pollutants viz. CO, NO₂ and SO₂ along with traffic and ambient atmospheric conditions at five selected local urban road sites were simultaneously measured. A developed General Finite Line Source Model (GFLSM) was used to predict the local roadside CO, NO₂ and SO₂ concentrations. A comparison of the observed and predicted values emission parameters using GFLS model has shown that the predicted values for SO₂, CO and NO₂ at all the selected local urban roadside locations are found to lie within the error bands of 5%, 6%, and 7% respectively. A high level of agreement was found between the monitored and estimated CO, NO₂ and SO₂ concentration data. From the study, it has also been established that the developed model exhibits the capability of reasonably predicting the characteristics of gaseous pollutants dispersion from on-road vehicles for the urban city air quality.     

关于两点式转向器装配工艺优化的研究

文章针对麦弗逊前悬架的两点式转向器安装尺寸及结构对整车装配的影响进行研究。在实际生产过程中两安装点的距离较长,对应副车架安装面上的平面度差异,由于杠杆原理,在装配过程中形成一定的装配应力。为减小或消除此装配应力对整车前轮前束变化和车辆跑偏的影响,对其结构进行分析,通过科学的尺寸计算方法,提出一种装配工艺的优化方案,并经过实际生产中大量数据的验证,能够有效地解决前轮前束变化引起的跑偏现象。     

FPSO货油系统管系应力及泵口载荷的分析改进

货油系统作为FPSO最重要的系统之一,一旦出现故障,会使整个海上油田的生产作业陷入停顿或瘫痪的状态,将造成巨大的经济损失,对其进行应力分析,指导管系布置十分必要。本文以30万吨通用型FPSO货油系统为研究对象,应用CAESARII管道应力分析软件建立分析模型,考虑极端工况的加速度、船体变形和风载荷等,对其管系一次应力、二次应力和泵口载荷进行了分析,并对管系的布置进行了优化,提高了管系布置的效率和准确性,为FPSO其他管路系统及其他船型的管系布置提供参考依据。