Twenty First Century Transportation System Solutions - a New Type of Small, Relatively Tall and Narrow Active Tilting Commuter Vehicle

There are many problems that face transportation systems as the twenty-first century approaches, and many solutions will be required. Mass transportation systems are one large area of research that will provide some solutions. This paper presents another possible solution at the other end of the spectrum, small relatively tall and narrow tilting commuter vehicles for individual transportation. A historical overview of the various types of tilting vehicles built or proposed over the last forty years is shown and the results of these studies are discussed. If one considers a relatively tall and narrow vehicle, (under 1.0 meters or 40“ wide), to maintain high speed performance in cornering it becomes necessary to bank the vehicle into a corner to prevent overturning. The design of a modem active tilting suspension and control law for a small narrow, one-half width, commuter vehicles is presented. Analysis of the static and dynamic tipping limits illustrates which vehicles are considered tall and narrow requiring active tilting. The performance of such vehicles as they enter a steady corner is considered and how tilt dynamics may feel to passengers is discussed.     

贫困大学生就业分析及思路创新

大学生就业形势日益严峻,而贫困大学毕业生是大学毕业生中的弱势群体,他们客观存在着不利因素,很大程度上影响了他们就业。各级就业工作职能部门应该从“以人为本”的高度,创新思路,千方百计帮助贫困大学生克服就业障碍,成功就业。     

Incomplete cost – incomplete benefit analysis in transport appraisal

This paper examines the current application of transport appraisal in the UK, in particular exploring the partiality of cost–benefit analysis (CBA) within the wider multi-criteria analysis (MCA) process. It argues that applying a quantitative assessment of the varied impacts of complex transport projects can only be partial within the CBA. Analysis can overlook social, human life, environmental and built environment impacts, and projects can be inconsistent with the planning strategy for an area. The application of CBA is critically reviewed using two case studies: the proposed upgrade of the South Fylde railway line and the Heysham-M6 Link Road, both from North West England. A participatory MCA process is suggested to help improve the process of transport appraisal, as part of an improved public debate on transport investment priorities.     

Simulation of Vehicle and Power Steering Dynamics Using Tire Model Parameters Matched to Whole Vehicle Experimental Results

This paper uses simulation to investigate how vehicle loading conditions (driver only, passengers, cargo, and fuel) affect power steering system and overall vehicle dynamics. Our purpose of the study was to evaluate the power steering system model for possible use in the National Advanced Driving Simulator (NADS). The effects of changing loading conditions on inertial properties of passenger cars have been found experimentally using a Vehicle Inertia Measurement Facility (VIMF). This paper presents simulation results using a vehicle handling model combined with a power steering system model and a nonlinear tire model. A crucial part of this project was the adjustment of certain parameters of Pacejka's tire model in order to match simulation results with experimental measurements of vehicle and power steering variables in transient maneuvers.     

Suboptimal Control Design of Active and Passive Suspensions Based on a Full Car Model

An optimal control design method is introduced and then applied to the optimum design of active and passive suspension systems. A basic three-dimensional 7-DOF car riding model subjected to four correlated random road inputs is considered. The design method is basically developed to allow arbitrary choice of sensors for various car state variables to be used for feedback control of each suspension unit. Previous studies show that full-state control laws and even some limited-state control laws often include feedback gains which are almost zero. Some other gains, although not zero, don't play an important role in improving the system performance measures. With the method proposed in this work, every suspension unit can have its own feedback measurements and the criterion function can be related to all state and control variables. Thus a large number of active and semi-active suspension systems with full- or limited-state control laws based on different measurement combination can be suggested, studied, and compared with each other. Instead of comparing these optimized active and semi-active suspension systems with a basic, passive suspension, the passive system itself is optimized with the same criterion. Simulations in the time domain and frequency analyses are performed, and comparisons are made among the systems in terms of r.m.s. car response measures and ISO riding comfort criterion.     

Active Damping in Road Vehicle Suspension Systems

Low order, linearized dynamic models of road vehicle suspension systems are analyzed to provide insight into the benefits of suspensions incorporating generalized velocity feedback compared with conventional passive suspensions. Damping forces from passive dampers are supplemented by forces generated by an active element requiring a power supply. A simple criterion is developed which indicates whether or not the introduction of activedamping forces will result in significant benefit for pneumatic tired vehicles.

An extended active suspension concept involving a high-gain load leveler as well as active damping is analyzed. The realization of active or semi-active damping forces through electrical or hydraulic means is briefly discussed.     

节理塑性对岩体性能的影响分析(英文)

节理岩体的受力性能既取决于材料本身，又取决于节理面的力学性能。特别是剪切引起的节理面塑性性能对节理乃至整个岩全的力学反应都会有一定的影响。采用有限元方法并利用考虑节理塑性的弹塑性节理单元仿真裂缝，探讨了节理面塑性对节理体弹性性能的宏观影响。     

一种新型温度传感器和温度表校验台的研制

文中介绍的校验台可对内燃机车的温度传感器，温度表进行了单独校验和成套校验。由于采用了一种新的非线性Ｂａｎｇ－Ｂａｎｇ控制和线性ＰＩＤ控制相结合的双模控制方式及特殊的降温和均温措施，其升降温速度，恒温度精度，温槽内液体温度的均匀度等各项性能指标均优于以往的校验台。     

基于二维激光扫描的煤场储量计算与显示

利用二维激光扫描技术获取煤堆各截面的外表面x,y坐标,通过OLE自动化[1]技术读取和转换自定义格式的三维煤堆数据,并依据Marching Cubes和直接体绘制显示煤场三维形状,并根据数值积分求总体积和经验公式估算出煤的使用量并对煤储量进行合理的调用管理,还对三维数据场的两种体积计算方法进行了计算精度分析。     

面向凹凸结构曲面的喷漆机器人轨迹优化研究

针对表面有凹凸结构的复杂曲面,采用匀速喷涂方法,曲面上曲率的变化造成涂层厚度差较大.根据实验数据推导出平面上的漆膜累积速率二次函数后,采用微分几何的面积放大定理推导出自由曲面上的漆膜累积速率二次函数.为提高曲面上涂层厚度的一致性,采用轨迹优化方法对表面有凹凸结构的复杂曲面的涂层厚度差进行补偿.最后通过计算机仿真验证了数学模型和优化算法的有效性和可行性.