The Movingo integrated ticket: seamless connections across the mälardalen region of Sweden

ABSTRACT

The need for improved public transport (PT) ticketing in ever-growing deregulated PT markets has made well-designed integrated ticketing systems a priority area of intervention for PT service providers around the world. Yet, very little practical evidence of its impacts are reported in Sweden and in the world at large. The focus of this study was the impacts of the Movingo integrated ticketing scheme in terms of PT patronage, user satisfaction and the perceived quality of the ticketing set-up. Three travel surveys were conducted along the Stockholm-Uppsala route. Methods including logistic regression and correlated t-tests were used to analyse the samples. The findings suggest that the scheme made rail commuting more attractive resulting in an overall increase of about 24% in ticket sales with 3% – 15% car commuters reporting that they patronised PT services after the project. The scheme also resulted in increased rail commuter satisfaction. The overall perceived quality of the ticketing set-up did not however improve due to interoperability challenges. Service providers’ uncertainty about equitable distribution of revenue among the participating service providers, interoperability challenges and the lack of interest among most of the participating service providers to sell Movingo tickets are some issues to be addressed.     

基于改进物元法的智慧港口发展水平评价模型

针对当下智慧港口建设如火如荼,而建设行业标准体系却迟迟未能统一的问题.首先利用智慧港口建设发展路径的研究基础,结合国内外信息化发展评价指标体系研究成果,构建了适合国内智慧港口建设发展的评价指标体系;其次利用主客观综合赋权法降低了传统评价过程中,主观因素对指标权重的影响,引入基于云模型的改进物元理论,解决了传统评价方法中模糊性和随机性带来的误差;最后以天津港智慧港口建设工程为算例,对天津港的智慧港口发展水平进行评估,计算得到期望为3.9956,发展等级为较好,与正态云模型和灰色关联分析法的验证结果一致.研究结果表明:评价体系符合现阶段智慧港口的发展方向,评价方法简洁有效,在降低了双重不确定性对于评价结果影响的同时计算了评价结果的置信度,为今后我国智慧港口发展和评价体系的建立提供了参考.     

机动车尾气排放中的气态污染物与金属氧化物之间的反应机制研究

硝酸盐和硫酸盐是大气细颗粒物中的重要组成部分,以往研究发现机动车尾气排放的气态污染物(NOX、SO2)对大气颗粒物的生成有一定的贡献,但忽视了机动车排放的金属氧化物对硝酸盐和硫酸盐生成的促进作用,因此本文对机动车排放的气态污染物与金属氧化物(MgO、MnO2、Al2O3、ZnO、CuO和Cr2O3)之间的反应原理进行了分析.研究表明,在不同混合气体条件下,NOX、SO2与上述不同金属氧化物反应生成的物种(硝酸盐、硫酸盐)促进了大气颗粒物的生成.同时,从金属氧化物表面物种的生成反应来看,各金属氧化物的非均相反应能力存在差异,且Cr2O3非均相反应较强烈.通过研究,丰富了机动车排放的颗粒物组分对硝酸盐、硫酸盐物种的形成机制的探讨.     

颗粒阻尼抑制水下航行器轴系纵振模拟试验

在简谐激励条件下，应用轴系颗粒阻尼纵振抑制模拟试验装置研究了旋转工况下的颗粒阻尼减振比；探讨了单腔体多颗粒和多腔体多颗粒时的轴系模拟系统加速度变化，讨论了颗粒的材料、粒径、质量填充比、腔体数量、转速、激励频率与位移等参数对系统减振比的影响规律。研究结果表明:在单腔体多颗粒条件下，填充有铜、钢、橡胶包钢颗粒的系统减振比处于7.83%~8.91%，橡胶颗粒的系统减振比接近于0；铜、钢、橡胶包钢颗粒有明显的抑振效果，颗粒的材料密度和阻尼比越大，抑振效果越好；当颗粒质量填充比为15%时，系统减振比最高为13.77%，但当质量填充比超过15%时，减振比有所降低，故质量填充比一般应根据实际情况控制在15%左右；粒径、转速、激励频率与位移幅值的变化对系统减振比的影响分别为1.76%~8.68%、6.77%~12.50%、4.41%~10.12%与2.19%~7.05%；在多腔体多颗粒工况下，当颗粒总质量填充比和转速一定时，腔体数量对系统减振比有明显影响；当腔体数量为3时，转速为100 r·min-1和质量填充比为25%的最佳系统减振比为22.5%；在多腔体多粒径颗粒工况下，当总质量填充比为10%，转速为50~150 r·min-1的系统减振比波动不大，平均为14.18%，这表明多腔体多粒径组合对转速不十分敏感，具有较好的减振效果，可拓宽转速使用范围。      

Towards measures of affective and eudaimonic subjective well-being in the travel domain

Studies of the connections between transportation and subjective well-being (SWB) require a clear understanding of the conceptual composition of travel-related SWB as well as psychometric instruments to measure these complex topics. Well-established psychological scales for measuring general SWB—including both hedonic (affective and cognitive) and eudaimonic aspects—are difficult to adapt or have yet to be tested in the travel domain. Existing measures of travel liking and travel satisfaction are somewhat inadequate for these purposes, especially for representing eudaimonia. Using a questionnaire survey of 680 commuters in the Portland, Oregon, region, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses examined responses to a total of 42 items. Results suggested four-factor measurement models of both travel affect (Enjoyment, Attentiveness, Distress, and Fear) and travel eudaimonia (Health, Competence, Autonomy, and Security). Despite some limitations and opportunities for enhancements, these models show promise as ways of measuring affective and eudaimonic SWB in the travel domain for future studies and travel surveys.

     

Socioeconomic and usage characteristics of transportation network company (TNC) riders

Transportation - The widespread adoption of smartphones followed by an emergence of transportation network companies (TNC) have influenced the way individuals travel. The authors use the 2017...     

ROV attitude control based on multi-motor cooperative propulsion北大核心CSCD

[目的]为了提高遥控水下航行器(ROV)在复杂水下环境中的姿态控制性能,开展多电机协同推进的ROV姿态控制研究。[方法]首先,针对多电机系统的结构和算法,分别提出一种基于PID速度补偿器的偏差耦合结构和一种新型非奇异终端滑模控制(SMC)算法,并设计一种新颖的基于多电机协同推进的ROV姿态控制方法;然后,建立ROV的运动学和动力学模型,开展推进器组推力建模分析、解耦简化ROV动力学模型研究;最后,设计一种ROV滑模姿态控制器。[结果]仿真结果表明,所提的结构和算法可提高多电机系统的抗干扰性、同步性和快速响应能力,进而提高ROV姿态控制系统的稳定性与鲁棒性。[结论]所提方法可为ROV姿态控制提供一种新的可用方案。     

Development and prospects of initial alignment method for strap-down inertial navigation system北大核心CSCD

Initial alignment technology is directly related to the navigation accuracy and startup time of the strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS), and has always been regarded as a challenging focal point in the research field of inertial navigation. This paper makes a comprehensive survey of SINS initial alignment technology, briefly introduces the basic principles of initial alignment without latitude, coarse alignment with known latitude and precise alignment, and points out their advantages, disadvantages and applicable conditions. The research and effects of existing initial alignment error suppression techniques are then analyzed and discussed. Finally, according to the problems of existing initial alignment methods and the development requirements of the carrier, the future research direction of SINS initial alignment technology is predicted. © 2022 Journal of Clinical Hepatology. All rights reserved.     

Influence of initial heeling angle on ship roll motion response北大核心CSCD

[目的]系统地研究初始横倾角对随机横浪下船舶横摇运动响应的影响。[方法]以路径积分法为基础,通过数值求解控制横摇运动微分方程概率属性的Fokker-Planck方程,得到横摇运动响应的概率分布。[结果]结果显示,初始横倾角对船舶横摇运动响应谱的影响有限,但对横摇角概率分布以及横摇运动响应极值分布的影响十分明显,且会造成船舶安全性的显著恶化。[结论]路径积分法可作为研究随机海浪下船舶横摇运动特性的有效数值方法。     

Widening the Panama Canal and U.S. ports: historical and economic impact analyses

ABSTRACT

The economic history of the U.S. illustrates how the role of many cities has been changed by being seaports or located on navigable rivers or lakes. Based on the widening of the Panama Canal in 2016, the West Coast ports that include the west coast seaports of California, Oregon, and Washington were expected to become less important, while the freight shares of the East Coast and Gulf ports would increase. By how much it has been not easy to measure or predict so far, but this study attempted to define some of the key parameters in the measurement. As well as several relevant background topics, both the demand- and supply-side versions of the National Interstate Economic Model, have been applied for the measurement of economic impacts. U.S. port authorities and policy makers at the local and national levels who respond and develop plans for coping with the new realities of the Panama Canal are able to understand the extent to which changes in shippers’ and land-mode transporters’ behaviors would undermine the logistics and the costs of their activities. Therefore, this study is important for a diverse spectrum of port development strategies in the U.S. to respond to the Canal expansion.