Mammalin cochlear supporting cells transdifferentiation into outer hair cells

Objective To study the recovery of the outer hair cells in the bat cochlea after gentamicin exposure.Methods Bats were injected with a daily dose of gentamicin for 15 consecutive days and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)was given from day 16 to day 40 of this recovery phase. Hearing was assessed by overt acoustic behavior and auditory brainstem responses analysis, which was performed one day prior to the first injection and a day after the last injection (day 16). On day 40 animals were sacrificed for detection of cells that could take up BrdU. Results After 15 days of gentamicin treatment, all of the animals were proved to be deafened with significant increases of ABR thresholds,compared with control group. The findings in immunocytochemical stained samples and scanning electron microscopy revealed that BrdU labeled nuclei were observed in the cochlea in all of the deafened animals most commonly in the regions of the first-row and second-row Deiter's cells (DCs) and occasionally in the regions of the third-ruw DCs.Conclusion We suggest that, under sufficient drug and enough time, the bat cochlear supporting cells can directly transdifferentiate into the outer hair cells after aminoglycoside exposure. This transdifferentation process is essential for repair of outer hair cells and recovery of normal function after gentamicin exposure.     

增龄相关听力丧失小鼠耳蜗毛细胞表型与基因突变的关系

目的　观察增龄相关听力丧失 (AHL)小鼠耳蜗毛细胞病理改变的超微结构 ,为老年性聋病理生理及临床表现+基因表型提供形态学改变依据。方法　应用扫描电镜 (SEM)观察BALB/c小鼠耳蜗Corti器毛细胞的超微结构改变 ,测定动物ABR反应阈值。DNA提取PCR扩增分析基因型。结果　 6月龄BALB/c小鼠耳蜗底回内外毛细胞有连续的缺失 ,静纤毛束有融合、散乱、变短和失去劲度。ABR阈值呈中到重度听力损失。证明种系特异的Ahl基因位点和基因功能。结论　耳蜗毛细胞静纤毛束融合、散乱、变短是老年性聋早期的主要病理改变 ,mdfw与Ah1的表现形式是同一基因位点 ,可能与myosin基因突变有关。     

耳蜗外毛细胞静纤毛束变异的判定标准研究

目的建立耳蜗外毛细胞(OHCs)静纤毛束变异的形态学统一判定标准。方法光镜和扫描电镜观察豚鼠耳蜗OHCs静纤毛束变异形态学特征及听觉诱发电位(ABR)、听神经动作电位(CAPs)和耳声发射畸变产物(DPOAE)参数改变。结果在100只实验豚鼠中,有28%的动物OHCs静纤毛束变异;OHC1变异最多见转位90°,常可见连续数个毛细胞90°转向蜗底,部分毛细胞静纤毛束“W”型转位达180°。结论我们拟定耳蜗外毛细胞静纤毛束变异的标准为:①超过10%的耳蜗第一排外毛细胞静纤毛束的“W”型变形及转向,毛细胞由45°转位至90°改变,多向基底方向,且呈双侧性。②毛细胞静纤毛束变异程度分为Ⅰ型:50%的OHC变异为重度变异;Ⅱ型:30%的OHCs变异为中度变异;Ⅲ型:10%以上的OHCs变异为轻度变异;③耳蜗毛细胞静纤毛束变异动物的双侧耳听功能(ABR、CAP、DPOAE)改变。