高速铁路与既有线的协调定位

针对高速铁路与既有线运输组织的特点，分析影响高速铁路与既有线的协调因素主要有衔接站的位置、运输组织模式的复杂性、动车运转所和动车检修基地的位置，提出客货分线运输后，为充分发挥最大运输能力，高速铁路与既有线需遵循分工衔接的定位原则，以降低运输成本，提高铁路运输市场的竞争力。     

β-淀粉样蛋白增加基底前脑神经元对谷氨酸的易感性

目的探讨β-淀粉样蛋白25-35(Aβ25-35)与谷氨酸(Glu)联合应用,对原代培养的大鼠基底前脑神经元的作用。方法原代培养大鼠基底前脑神经元,应用形态学、MTT法结合ChAT免疫组织化学染色,分别观察Aβ25-35与Glu联合应用,对原代培养的基底前脑神经元存活率、形态学及ChAT免疫反应阳性神经元的影响。结果将100 nmol/L、1μmol/L Aβ分别和20μmol/L Glu联合用于培养的基底前脑神经元,在倒置显微镜下观察,细胞表面粗糙,立体感减弱,胞浆中出现深色颗粒,细胞肿胀或收缩;尼氏染色显示尼氏体减少;MTT检测显示神经元存活率明显下降,100nmol/L Aβ+20μmol/L Glu组与100 nmol/L Aβ组间,1μmol/L Aβ+20μmol/L Glu组与1μmol/L Aβ组间比较均具有统计学差异(P<0.05);ChAT免疫阳性神经元的灰度和截面积均减小。结论Aβ25-35可增加神经元对Glu神经毒性作用的敏感性,表明Glu在阿尔茨海默病发病中起着非常关键的作用。     

EFFECTS OF DIPSACUS ASPER AND VITAMIN E ON THE SS NEURONS IN THE HIPPOCAMPAL FORMATION OF RAT MODELS OF ALZHEIMER‘S DISEASE

Ａｌｚｈｅｉｍｅｒ’ｓｄｉｓｅａｓｅ (ＡＤ)ｉｓｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｃｏｍｍｏｎｄｅｍｅｎｔｉａｉｎｔｈｅｓｅｎｉｏｒ ,ａｎｄｔｈｅｒｅｉｓｎｏｃｕｒｅｏｒｅｆｆｅｃ ｔｉｖｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ .ＡｌｔｈｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｅｔｉｏｌｏｇｙｏｆＡｌｚｈｅｉ ｍｅｒ’ｓｄｉｓｅａｓｅｉｓｎｏｔｆｕｌｌｙｕｎｄｅｒｓｔｏｏｄ ,ａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｉｎｇｅｖｉｄｅｎｃｅｄｅｍｏｎｓｔｒａｔｅｓｔｈａｔｂｏｔｈｔｈｅｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｓｏｍａｔｏｓｔａｔｉｎ (ＳＳ)ａｎｄｔｈｅＳＳｎｅｕｒｏｎｓｉｎｔｈ…     

血管活性肠肽对暂时性脑缺血大鼠梗死体积的影响

目的通过活体实验研究血管活性肠肽(VIP)对脑缺血损伤的神经保护作用。方法大鼠侧脑室内注射VIP后,采用大脑中动脉线栓(MCAO)法诱导建立暂时性局部脑缺血模型。通过神经学的评价对MCAO大鼠进行判定和筛选;TTC染色测定大鼠脑梗死体积;双抗夹心ELISA检测血清S100β的含量。结果MCAO后2 h大鼠呈现不同程度的神经功能损伤症状。评定为1-2级的仅有2例出现明显脑梗死区,3级的为全部。VIP注射后大鼠脑梗死体积明显缩小,较对照组减少约25%(P<0.05);血清S100β浓度也明显降低(P<0.05)。结论以神经学评分3级作为MCAO模型成功的判定标准是较为可靠的。VIP脑内注射可明显减小脑缺血后梗死体积,具有神经保护作用。VIP可以降低S100β的含量,这可能涉及到VIP的另一神经保护机制。     

The β-amyloid protein induces S100 β expression in rat hippocampus through a mechanism that involves IL-1

Objective To explore the effect of β-amyloid protein （Aβ） on S100β expression in rat hippocampus and its mechanisms. Methods At 7 days after bilateral stereotaxls injection of different dose of fibrillar Aβ25--35 and interluekin-1 receptor antagonist （IL-1ra） into the rat CA1 region, the learning and memory abilities of rats were tested with passive avoidance task. Amyloid deposition was detected by using Congo red staining technique. Nlssl staining and immunohlstochemical techniques were used to analyze the number of neurons, and GFAP and the S100β expression in hippocampal CA1 region , respectively. Results After fibrillar Aβ injection, the step-through latency of rats was significantly shortened compared to that of the control group. The GFAP positive astrocytes were found surrounding amyloid deposition. Neuronal loss occurred in the pyramidal cell layer of CA1 region. The number of S100β positive cells in Aβ-treated group was significantly increased compared with that in the control group. After IL-1ra injection, the number of S100β positive cells was significantly decreased. Conclusion Intrahippocampal injection of Aβ25 - 35 could cause similar pathologic changes of Alzheimer＇s disease. Aβ 25- 35 was capable of up-regulating S100β expression in a dose-dependent manner. The injection of IL-1ra could attenuate the effect of Alton S100β expression.     

双碳目标下铁路货运发展策略

“十四五”期间我国交通运输需求仍然将保持中高速增长态势，在实现“双碳”目标的背景下，交通运输行业减排压力巨大。铁路作为综合交通运输体系的主干，因其大运量、绿色、安全、经济等优势备受关注。本文基于双碳背景下我国铁路货运的现状，对当前铁路货运面临的机遇与挑战予以分析，从需求和供给侧两端积极探索铁路货运领域降碳减排的有效路径，提出针对性举措，以促进铁路货运市场可持续发展，支撑国家“双碳”目标。