我国清洁汽车的发展及对策

简述了我国清洁汽车的发展概况和存在的主要问题,重点提出我国清洁汽车“应加快燃油汽车先进排放控制技术的研发与应用;代用燃料汽车的发展重点应继续放在单一燃料燃气汽车上;混合动力汽车应加快发展,但自主开发应谨慎”等对策及建议。     

LPG/汽油双燃料发动机台架试验研究

对两种汽油机和在其基础之上改装成的LPG(液化石油气 )发动机进行了性能对比试验和理论分析。试验结果表明 ,LPG主要优点是降低了CO和HC排放。但并不是所有结构的汽油机都有同样的改善效果 ,还取决于原机结构与LPG燃料特征的适配性。     

沥青运输船装卸系统优化设计

针对沥青的特性,本文对沥青装卸系统进行了分析,在沥青泵组、装卸管系、伴热管系等方面提出了几种可行的设计方案,并对这些方案作了比较,指出了设计中应注意的一些问题。     

机车车辆轴承清洗烘干设备的研制

设计研制的轴承清洗烘干设备采用压力热水冲洗方式,能将磁粉探伤后轴承上附着的磁悬液及润滑脂脂化碳化微粒冲洗干净,并应用远红外烘干器将清洗后的轴承零件烘干,提高了滚动轴承零件清洗的清洁度,防止轴承发生锈蚀。     

一般Clean环的扩张

有单位元的结合环R称为clean环,如果R中的每个元素都可以写成一个幂等元与一个单位的和的形式.W.K.Nicholson,Y.Zhou[1]给出了一般clean环的定义.在此基础上讨论了一般clean环的几个扩张性质,得到如下结论:1)一般环I是一般clean环当且仅当I的形式幂级数环是一般clean环当且仅当I的斜幂级数环是一般clean环.2)若I是一般clean环,则对任意n≥1,均有I[x]/是一般clean环.     

Policy innovations of the US intermodal surface transportation efficiency act and clean air act amendments

In combination, the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) and the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA) are innovative and aggressive efforts to move US cities toward integrated transportation and air quality planning. Under these complementary laws, air quality has become a major national transportation goal. In areas with serious air pollution, air quality will be a major consideration in determining the future shape of urban transportation.This paper considers how the CAAA and ISTEA combine to provide an innovative national policy approach of interest to countries seeking to encourage sustainable development in urban centers. The CAAA mandates measurable and enforceable air quality targets. Nation-wide standards are set for acceptable levels of carbon monoxide, ground level ozone, and small particulates. ISTEA includes directions for transportation planners and decision-makers to follow to reach air quality and other goals — transportation planning must emphasize system efficiency, and for cities with severe air pollution, transportation projects are expected to contribute to cleaner air. Each urban area has flexibility in how it applies this framework to reflect its priorities and solve its problems. Strict federal sanctions provide incentives for compliance with both laws.Enactment of these laws has produced a period of transition and uncertainty as well as of challenge and opportunity for planners and elected officials. The next several years, the US will provide one national laboratory and over 100 different urban laboratories for innovative approaches to integrate transportation and environmental policies to resolve major urban problems.Abbreviations CAAA Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 - CO Carbon monoxide - ECO Employee Commute Option - EPA US Environmental Protection Agency - HC Transportation hydrocarbons - I/M Inspections and maintenance program - ISTEA Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 - MPO Metropolitan planning organizations - NO_x Nitrogen oxides - PPM Parts per million - PM₁₀ Small particulate matter - SIP State Implementation Plan - TIP Transportation Improvement Program - TCM Transportation control measures - VMT Vehicle miles traveled     

基于自感控一体的多功能绿色清漂船设计与研究

针对景区湖泊、城市内河等景观水域的漂浮垃圾清理工作量大及小型水面快速自动清污设备短缺的现状，从实用性的角度出发，设计开发了一种基于自感控一体的多功能绿色清漂船。提出了整体设计方案，完成了结构设计与功能开发，利用Fluent等仿真软件进行了动力性能分析，得到了清漂船进行正常清漂作业的性能指标。并通过制作样机和下水实验，验证了所设计清漂船的控制及功能实现，从而为实船应用提供依据。     

清洁能源在未来船舶市场的应用

随着IMO 2020排放要求的出台执行,以及人们对环境问题的关注度越来越高,对环境的保护意识增强,船舶污染改善也成为热门话题。而使船舶产生环境污染的动力能源首当其冲成为需要改善的问题之一。文章介绍了几种目前应用比较多的清洁能源及其主要特点优势。     

天然气发动机的研究

随着汽车业的飞速发展,汽车的保有量迅猛增长,于此同时环境污染和资源紧缺的问题随之产生。寻找低污染的清洁能源已成为了当今社会的燃眉之急。天然气是一种理想的清洁能源,本文介绍了天然气作为汽车燃料的一些优点及存在的一些问题,并针对这些问题提出了相应的解决方法。     

城市轨道交通供电系统 低碳节能技术发展综述

在“双碳”战略背景下,对城市轨道交通供电系统的低碳节能技术发展方向进行综合论述,给出未来城 市轨道交通供电系统低碳节能技术发展方向的合理建议。首先对目前清洁能源和再生能量利用技术在轨道交通中 的应用情况进行总结,根据已投运线路实测数据,分析光伏发电和再生制动能量利用对节能降碳的作用;针对不 同牵引制式的特点,分别提出基于电力电子技术的新一代城市轨道交通绿色柔性供电系统架构,一方面充分消纳清 洁能源,另一方面通过双向变流器、同相供电等技术提高能量利用率,改善供电质量,最终达到节能降碳的目的。