评价沥青胶结料疲劳性能的试验方法

主要介绍了国外研究较为成熟的两种评价沥青胶结料疲劳性能的试验方法,以及两种方法的试验原理和过程,并分析了G＊sinδ与DER指标在评价疲劳性能方面的有效性.     

增强大学《思想道德修养与法律基础》课程教学的有效性研究

本文在论述了《思想道德修养与法律基础》课重要性的同时,着重从三个方面进行了阐述。包括加强大学思想道德修养与法律基础课教学有效性研究的可行性,什么是课堂教学的有效性以及如何增强大学《思想道德修养与法律基础》课教学的有效性。通过以此能真正在大学德育课堂中给予学生以有效的指导。     

Shifting from car to active transport: A systematic review of the effectiveness of interventions

IntroductionA promising way to stimulate physical activity is to promote the choice for active modes of transport (walking and cycling). Over the past years, several interventions and policies have been implemented to stimulate this mode shift. However, information concerning the effectiveness of these interventions and policies is still limited. The aim of the present study was to systematically review the effectiveness of interventions designed to stimulate a shift from car use to cycling or walking and to obtain insight into the intervention tools that have been used to promote and/or implement these interventions.MethodsFive databases were searched and articles published in English, Dutch, German, Danish, Norwegian and Swedish were included. Only studies that focussed on a mode shift from car use towards active transport in a general adult population, which were published in peer reviewed journals and which investigated effectiveness were included. Intervention tools used were categorized by using the model of Hoogerwerf & Herweijer, as either legal, economic (subsidy, reward system, penalty), communicative (written materials, behavioural tools) and physical tools (providing bicycles, providing better bicycle facilities at work, adjustment of the environment).ResultsNineteen studies met our inclusion criteria. Studies included described work-place-based interventions, architectural and urbanistic adjustments, population-wide interventions, and bicycle-renting systems. Nearly all studies (except three) showed positive effects concerning a mode shift. Most of the included studies used more than one intervention tool and the tools used differed between types of interventions. However, information about the statistical significance of these results was often lacking and the study methodologies used were not of high quality.ConclusionNearly all studies showed results in a positive direction. However, the quality of the included studies was mostly low and intervention characteristics were poorly described.     

Assessing the technical efficiency, service effectiveness, and technical effectiveness of the world’s railways through NDEA analysis

This paper presents an approach to include both the unstorable feature of transportation service and the technological differences within railway companies in efficiency and effectiveness measurements. We explore efficiency and effectiveness for a group of 40 global railways in the year 2002, using traditional data development analysis (TDEA) and network data development analysis (NDEA). Comparing the results obtained from the NDEA model with those from the TDEA indicate that performance measures are quite different in terms of the magnitude, and even using different DEA type models to evaluate railway system performance does not distort the ranking of their performance. We also analyze the inter-related effects among three performance measures, finding that transportation service characteristics have positive effects on the evaluation of performance. Generally speaking, the NDEA model provides deeper insight regarding the sources of inefficiency and process-specific guidance to railway managers so as to help them improve their railway’s performance.     

提高轨道交通环境影响评价公众参与有效性的建议

总结轨道交通行业环境影响与防治特点,梳理轨道交通项目敏感点特性及公众参与的要求,结合近期轨道交通行业公众参与风险排查统计结果,归纳轨道交通行业环境影响评价中公众参与存在的问题,主要是部分建设项目参与程序存在瑕疵、参与形式缺乏一定的公正性、公众调查缺乏一定的针对性、分析结果缺乏一定的真实性。剖析影响公众参与有效性的深层原因,从法律法规、机制体制、参与形式、统计方法等方面,提出提高公众参与有效性、降低轨道交通环境影响和社会影响的对策建议。     

图解Photoshop蒙版的效用

文章阐述了Photoshop CS2中蒙版的类别和作用，用图例重点展示了图层蒙版在抠取图像、合成图像、制作透明效果方面的效用，让使用者深刻领会图层蒙版的应用目的及蒙版应用到图片上达到的效果．     

泰赣高速公路K211段高边坡工程防护效果数值分析

在对泰赣高速公路K211段高边坡现场地质调研及对设计资料分析的基础上,根据预应力锚索结构中锚索框架梁和土体相互作用特征,引入接触单元并编制有限元程序ContFEM,将坡体和防护结构作为整体计算得到接触面(单元)水平位移、切向应力,坡脚抗滑桩挡墙推力及墙身水平位移,结合传统坡体稳定性分析及长期监测资料,最后对该高边坡防护工程效果做出后评价。     

注重新时期高等学校德育的教育效果

在新的历史时期,高等教育的任务随着社会的发展如何与时俱进,高校的德育工作如何呈现新的局面,如何使高校的德育工作得到学生的认可和配合,从而为社会培养跨世纪的合格人才.文章从德育的内涵、德育的发展状况和现代大学生所体现的问题入手,阐述了强化德育教育效果的肤浅认识,意在引起全体教育工作者对德育工作的高度重视.     

铁路机车司机驾驶能力的心理学检验指标及其效标

应用检验空军驾驶能力的心理学指标——五项纸笔方法对铁路机车司机驾驶能力进行心理学检验，并用标准９分制进行校标，结果表明除曲线轨迹相关较差不宜应用外，其他四项均可应用。     

贵州公路陡峭岩石边坡生态修复技术效果分析

文章以贵阳市环城高速公路南环线和厦蓉高速公路贵州路段人工生态修复的边坡为研究对象,对采取不同生态修复技术的岩石边坡及同一种生态修复技术的不同边坡类型设置固定样方和临时样方进行调查研究,分析陡峭岩石边坡采取不同生态修复技术的效果,探寻适合于贵州高速公路陡峭岩石边坡的生态修复技术。