舰船气流场品质评估指标研究

舰船甲板气流场是载机舰船水线以上船体、上层建筑等的几何外形及布置设计的一个不能忽略的因素,它直接影响舰载机的起降安全。但目前还没有系统的舰船气流场品质评估指标。本文基于国内外舰船气流场研究成果,提出舰船气流场品质评估指标,主要包括速度大小和梯度、涡、湍流强度、频域谱等,并以一简化护卫舰模型(SFS)为计算对象,利用提出的评估指标对其进行评估,将数值模拟结果与试验进行对比,旨在为今后载机舰船气流场评估和水线以上船体外形及上层建筑设计提供借鉴。     

上层建筑形式及布局对舰船空气流场的影响

舰船上层建筑是诱发舰船舰面空气湍流的主要因素,对于具有全通飞行甲板的舰船,其岛式上层建筑的外形及布置则出现了多样化的趋势,对迎风方向后方的气流场形态势必会产生影响.为了解上层建筑外形及布局形式的变化对舰船空气流场,尤其是对舰载机起降影响的初步规律,通过定常同等试验工况条件下,建立多种形式的上层建筑以及变化研究模型上层建筑纵向的布置位置的数值三维模型,对5种模型分别进行数值模拟计算,分析和观察由此产生的气流场变化,对计算结果进行取值分析.通过各模型及原型舰模型间气流场特性的对比,所得出的有关结论与目前实际的舰船产品所采用的布置形式决策是一致的.     

面向气流场的直升机舰船上层建筑设计评估方法

开展舰船上层建筑气流场设计评估，目前尚无系统方法。提出一种直升机舰船上层建筑气流场设计定量评估方法。计算舰载直升机受非定常气流施加的力和力矩的时间历程，以力和力矩的积分平方根量化飞行员的操控负荷，以力和力矩的时间平均值量化舰载直升机的操控裕度，并将起降平台空域的温度变化或变化率作为设计评估指标。采用实例验证该方法的工程可应用性。     

高耐波隐身船型设计

具有优良耐波性和隐身性的舰船是当前世界各海军强国舰艇平台技术研究的重要发展趋势。以往舰艇的雷达波隐身设计主要是对上层建筑和舰面设备进行外形隐身设计,对主船体很少进行雷达波隐身设计,主要是因为主船体的隐身设计可能会影响其航行性能。为进一步提高舰船的隐身性和耐波性,本文以几千吨级舰艇为对象,在对船体进行隐身设计的基础上,以深V船型作为设计船体水线以下部分的基础线型,通过对底升角、首部吃水、尾部形状、长宽比和底面的凹凸进行优化,对比在不同情况下的耐波性和阻力,对船舶运动及水动力性能进行分析,提出了一种适用于未来隐身水面舰艇的高耐波性船型。     

载机舰船气流场相关研究综述

载机舰船气流场是影响舰载机起降安全的重要因素之一,已经成为舰机适配设计工作和相关装备使用过程中必须考虑的因素。通过研究,能够确定安全起降飞行包络,以指导舰载机起降作业;能够支撑舰船及舰载机的相关设计,提高舰机适配性能。另外,气流场数据还被运用在离线舰载机起降评估、飞行模拟器起降训练等虚拟环境中,提高虚拟仿真的真实性。本文对载机舰船气流场的相关研究进行梳理、归纳,包括研究目的和意义、内容、方法和思路,已开展的具体研究工作、关键技术,以及我国研究的现状和差距,最后给出研究展望,为今后的研究提供参考和思路。     

基于舰载机起降限制的舰船气流场特性评估方法初探

对具有搭载舰载机能力的舰船而言,其气流场特性的评估取决于对相应舰载机的起降气流条件限制。通过对美国LHA型舰缩比模型的数值建模,结合两种舰载机起降的气流场限制条件对计算结果进行对比分析。在相同定常来流工况下,分别以±15°风向角对该型舰数值模型的两个起降点进行模拟取值,结合直升机和固定翼短距/垂直起落飞机的起降特性和气流限制条件,尝试提出一种评估舰船气流场特性的直观方法,并得出不同甲板气流区域受上层建筑影响的有关结论。     

基于相对熵排序的舰船甲板气流场评价方法

为有效开展对大型舰船甲板气流场的评估工作,提出一种基于相对熵排序的气流场评价方法。首先,数值模拟3艘国外大型舰船同一工况条件下的舰面空气流场状态,给出起飞、降落跑道气流场速度和甲板面压力变化等评价气流场的关键参数,然后,根据这些指标参数建立舰船甲板气流场的评价指标体系,其重要程度需依据相关领域的多位专家通过商讨后得出,最后,引入相对熵的概念改进传统的TOPSIS方法,对3艘舰船的气流场方案进行综合评价。应用实例表明,该方法可为舰船甲板气流场评价提供一种可行、有效的新途径。     

“歌诗达·协和”号设计方遭诉

目前该诉求已被递交至加利福尼亚法院，责任赔偿涉及金额达1000万美元。诉讼称，为把载客量提高到最大限度．该船设计了一个非常高的上层建筑（即在水线以上的船体部分），以及很小的吃水（即在水线以下的船体部分）。这样，船舶在吃水较浅的情况下，若与岩石发生撞击．就容易发生倾斜．预期可以救生和避免受伤的救生艇都会失效。     

舰船气流场数值仿真对模型处理的敏感性分析

分别以国际通用简化载机护卫舰模型(SFS)和美国航母模型为对象,通过舰船气流场数值模拟对舰岛几何简化(不同形状)、边界层的处理等敏感性进行了研究分析,得到的主要结论为:舰船整体气流场特征对舰岛(舰桥)的几何简化(形状)不敏感,除在风向方向,舰岛后方的有限区域内气流场特征有所不同外,其他区域流场特征基本不变。对于护卫舰的飞行甲板关注空域、航母后方的着舰路径空间点位置,舰岛的几何简化(不同形状)对这些区域流场特征的影响可以忽略。舰船整体气流场特征对舰船壁面边界条件的处理方式也呈现不敏感特性,对于非结构网格,近壁区网格无须采用菱柱形网格,y+在o(10)~o(1 000)范围内均得到了基本一致的结果。由于舰船整体气流场特征对边界层的不敏感性,建议采用无粘假设对舰船整体气流场进行数值仿真。     

用整船有限元模型分析方法计算舰船的总纵强度

当舰船设有长度较长但开口较多的上层建筑时,其船体结构的复杂性使船体总强度很难用常规的梁理论方法确定.本文采用整船三维有限元分析方法,通过整船加载和惯性平衡处理,计算出设计目标船的总纵弯曲变形和应力分布,以及上层建筑参与船体总纵强度的有效度,为船体总强度校核提供依据.     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.