全球两大集装箱码头营运商与招商局国际在业内的经营比较

介绍了香港和记黄埔、新加坡港务集团在我国投资建港的概况，同莳通过介绍招商国际参与经营集装箱码头的事例，论述了投资集装箱码头的风险与机遇并存，以及新建集装箱码头应注意规避的风险，分析了原因，提出了建议。     

全球两大集装箱码头营运商与招商局国际在业内经营比较

介绍了香港和记黄埔、新加坡港务集团在我国投资建港的概况,同时通过介绍招商国际参与经营集装箱码头的事例,论述了投资集装箱码头的风险与机遇并存,以及新建集装箱码头应注意规避的风险,分析了原因,提出了建议。     

世界主要码头运营商在我国港口的投资现状及发展趋势

阐述世界主要码头运营商在我国港口投资现状及其在投资码头、投资区域和投资股权等方面存在的差异,认为基于我国集装箱码头稳定的投资收益和船公司航线的布局优化等因素,这些运营商在我国沿海地区大量投资集装箱码头。根据我国＂十二五＂期航运业和港口业将持续增长但增速放缓这一趋势,提出未来世界主要码头运营商为分散投资风险将进一步完善我国沿海、内河集装箱码头的投资布局,其中一些中资码头运营商将积极参与大型干散货码头建设,逐步实现从单一的集装箱码头向多种类专业化码头投资经营方向发展。     

船公司投资集装箱码头决策探析

<正>集装箱码头已成为许多有实力投资人的重要投资方向,在诸多投资人中,以船公司为背景的集装箱码头投资人正逐渐成为这个市场的主力军。马士基航运、达飞轮船、中远集运等一些大型的国际班轮集团公司已建立了负责码头投资的专业公司,并已在全球投资了多个集装箱码头,成为航运企业涉足码头产业的典范。与其他码头投资人不同,船公司背景的码头投资人,在选择投资集装箱码头项目时不仅仅只追求项目的高投资回报率,更希望通过投资该项目为整个集团的集装箱运输产业链带来效益,因此集装箱码头投资的决策也越来越重要。     

集装箱码头设备更新投资优化模型及算法研究

为解决集装箱码头设备更新的合理投资问题,在综合考虑投资成本、平均单船装卸效率的基础上建立了集装箱码头设备更新投资混合整数规划模型;利用遗传算法与仿真相结合的方式构建了模型的求解算法;以某集装箱码头设备更新投资方案的优化为实例对模型及算法进行了验证.结果表明该模型综合考虑投资的成本和效益,对集装箱码头装卸设备的投资进行优化;模型的求解方法能够在兼顾码头实际投资效果的基础上提高全局搜索的效率.     

世界主要集装箱港的建设计划

随着国际贸易的发展，欧美和亚洲等地主要港口的集装箱吞吐量扩大。由于需求迅速增长，部分港口明显地出现了拥堵和货物滞留的运输基础设施风险。扩大港口设施和内陆运输的能力已成为班轮业界的重要课题。在集装箱码头建设方面，欧洲纷纷投资港口开发，制定了长期建设计划，在北美，从东南岸到墨西哥湾，集装箱码头的扩建很活跃。     

集装箱码头的自动化运转

尽管自动化运转集装箱码头投资大 ,但是由于其可以最大限度地提高码头的通过能力、优化码头经营和成本效益 ,如果能够有效运作 ,营运成本将会降低 ,增加的投资能够得到相应的补偿。本文在回顾国外自动化运转集装箱码头的发展历程的基础上 ,介绍现有的自动化运转集装箱码头以及有关设备 ,希望国内有关集装箱码头借鉴经验 ,早作自动化运转的谋划。     

中国港口集装箱运输发展的历史回顾(四)

第三章中国国际集装箱运输大环境日益改善 第四节集装箱码头改制上市筹集资金发展深水泊位 集装箱码头的建设是一个耗资大、投资回收期长的项目.近年来,国际上投资集装箱码头的集团公司似有相互竞争的趋势.     

港口动态

上海港今年集装箱吞吐量将达到2010万TEU；中远太平洋在泉州开工建设新集装箱码头；和记港口上半年集装箱装卸量增长12％；和记港口在墨西哥扩建集装箱码头；和记港口在厄瓜多尔取得集装箱码头开发、营运权；AP摩勒码头投资广州南沙港二期集装箱码头.[编者按]     

集装箱码头建设启动机制探讨

集装箱码头建设是一项投资较大的项目．建设一个现代化集装箱码头动辄需数亿人民币，按目前水平．码头每标箱通过能力的港口直接投资约为3000元，另外还涉及港外遭路、交通等配套设施的投资。当前．为了适应国际集装箱运输的迅猛发展，各港都在加快集装箱码头的建设。对于港口企业来说，如果码头建设滞后，     

Examining the influence of firm performance on business risk-taking and the mediation effect of scale of operations in the container terminal industry

Container shipping and its related service sectors help accelerate globalization of the world economy. This industry has been experiencing rapid growth, prompting container terminal operators to increase their handling capacity in response. Providing container terminal services requires substantial capital investment in physical assets such as cargo handling facilities and information systems. On the other hand, operating container terminals is a long-term investment that typically spans several business cycles. Hence prudent asset management using appropriate tools is critical for container terminal operators to sustain their businesses. Generally, due to risk-adverseness, investors are unwilling to take more risk in their investment unless they can reap a higher return. Contrary to this argument, this study finds no direct influence of better firm performance as a proxy of higher return on business risk-taking by container terminal operators. Instead, scale of operations is positively associated with business risk-taking, suggesting that container terminal operators with a larger scale of operations are willing to take more business risk.     

A simulation model proposal to improve the productivity of container terminal operations through investment alternatives

Development of a container terminal (CT) closely deals with the efficiency of operating systems. This paper proposed a model to decide optimum investment alternatives to improve CT productivity. The proposed approach incorporates the parameters such as number of quay cranes, total length of a quay, yard trucks and yard cranes. The objectives of the model are minimizing the average ship turnaround time while maximizing the container throughput generated by the terminal. The methodology behind the model includes Discrete Event Simulation Model, data envelopment analysis (DEA) and cost-efficiency analysis. Considering container ship visits to Container Terminal Alpha (CT-A), the proposed model is demonstrated with 16 different investment scenario along with 10-months recorded operational data. The results addressed the Scenario LENG-2 (extent current total length of quays from 1.560 meters to 2.000 meters) as the optimal feasible solution for an investment in existing conditions. The model is also considered to besides contributions to investment decisions in CT, the developed framework might be extended to other transportation infrastructures.     

A break-even model for evaluating the cost of container ships waiting times and berth unproductive times in automated quayside operations

The planning, design and development of a container terminal with optimum size and capacity and with a minimum capital cost is fundamentally dependent upon the loading and discharging operations at the quayside. The quayside function of container terminals is dependent basically on the number of berths available to service the incoming container ships. The objective of the container terminals dealing and admitting the ongoing ship calls is to provide immediate berth and loading and discharging services to the container ships with a minimum costly waiting time and a maximum efficiency. Previously terminal planners used to build extra berths to provide service. During the last two decades the terminal operators have adopted automation technologies in loading and discharging operation of the container ships as an alternative to designing extra berths. Ship owners naturally expect least waiting times for their container ships. On the other hand, it is also natural for port operators in a container terminal with costly facilities to see a high berth occupancy and productivity at the quayside. This study uses queuing theory to find a break-even point as a way of evaluating the cost of container ship waiting times and the cost of berth unproductive service times for container terminals aiming to automate their quayside operation. The analysis illustrates that automation devices installed on conventional Quayside Cranes (QSCs) significantly reduce the turnaround time of the container ships calling at the ports. It argues, however, that there should be a balance between the cost of berth unproductive service times and the cost of vessel waiting times. The study introduces a break-even point to be considered as a benchmark for calculating such a balance. The analysis in this study can be used as a decision tool for the operators of container terminals in the medium to small ports to appraise the feasibility of an investment in automation or expansion of the quayside facilities.     

集装箱码头堆场装卸工艺分析

通过对场地规划、通过能力、投资和营运成本等方面的综合分析比较可知,从长远考虑,集装箱堆场不宜采用大规模RTG方案,重箱堆场更适合选用RMG方案.RMG堆场应平行于码头布置.     

散改集卸船工艺系统优化

在介绍现有小型码头的散改集卸船工艺系统基础上,针对其存在的问题提出一种全新的卸船工艺系统方案.该方案采用气力卸船机卸船、刮板机输送、自动化装箱、翻箱机移动集装箱上下卡车,符合绿色环保的设计理念,可提高卸船效率和装箱效率,减少码头设备和人力投入,实现卸货装箱的流水化作业.     

单箱轨距起重机自动化码头装卸工艺可行性分析

针对自动化集装箱码头堆场起重机大车作为主要工作机构导致能耗增加、效率降低等问题,研究了一种新型单箱轨距集装箱堆场起重机装卸工艺。基于Witness平台,分别建立了新工艺与经典工艺的集装箱码头仿真模型,通过计算和仿真试验对比分析了设备投资、能耗、年通过能力等技术指标。结果表明新工艺具有设备投资低、能耗低、装卸效率高等优势,对箱区间存在的作业干扰问题提出了相应的建议,为自动化集装箱码头的创新发展提供了新方向。     

集装箱货运仿真模型在珠三角港港口投资方案评估(英文)

In the Pearl River Delta (PRD), there is severe competition between container ports, particularly those in Hong Kong, Shenzhen, and Guangzhou, for collecting international maritime container cargo. In addition, the second phase of the Nansha terminal in Guangzhou’s port and the first phase of the Da Chang Bay container terminal in Shenzhen opened last year. Under these circumstances, there is an increasing need to quantitatively measure the impact these infrastructure investments have on regional cargo flows. The analysis should include the effects of container terminal construction, berth deepening, and access road construction. The authors have been developing a model for international cargo simulation (MICS) which can simulate the movement of cargo. The volume of origin-destination (OD) container cargo in the East Asian region was used as an input, in order to evaluate the effects of international freight transportation policies. This paper focuses on the PRD area and, by incorporating a more detailed network, evaluates the impact of several infrastructure investment projects on freight movement.     

Developing a conceptual model for sharing container terminal resources: a case study of the Gamman container terminal

It is an important matter closely connected with saving logistics costs, as well as encouraging national competitive power, to improve the productivity of container terminals by efficient utilization of container terminal resources. In this respect, this paper tries to suggest a conceptual model for sharing container terminal resources, taking as a case study the Gamman Container Terminal (GCT) in the port of Pusan. In so doing, it identifies what kinds of resources can be systematically shared from the viewpoint of their common use and draws some problems resulting from terminal operation by four operators at GCT. The model does not imply the conception that each terminal has its own resources individually, but recommends that tentatively-called Container Terminal Resource Management Center (CTRMC) should be established and operated in order to save operation and investment costs and improve operational efficiency. In addition, the continuous acquisition and life-cycle support (CALS) concept is imbedded in the model so that it can control the supply and demand of resources efficiently by sharing the database, through which the CTRMC can automatically identify the status of the excess or deficit of a certain resource in each berth at GCT.     

Developing a conceptual model for sharing container terminal resources: a case study of the Gamman container terminal

It is an important matter closely connected with saving logistics costs, as well as encouraging national competitive power, to improve the productivity of container terminals by efficient utilization of container terminal resources. In this respect, this paper tries to suggest a conceptual model for sharing container terminal resources, taking as a case study the Gamman Container Terminal (GCT) in the port of Pusan. In so doing, it identifies what kinds of resources can be systematically shared from the viewpoint of their common use and draws some problems resulting from terminal operation by four operators at GCT. The model does not imply the conception that each terminal has its own resources individually, but recommends that tentatively-called Container Terminal Resource Management Center (CTRMC) should be established and operated in order to save operation and investment costs and improve operational efficiency. In addition, the continuous acquisition and life-cycle support (CALS) concept is imbedded in the model so that it can control the supply and demand of resources efficiently by sharing the database, through which the CTRMC can automatically identify the status of the excess or deficit of a certain resource in each berth at GCT.