P物质、血管活性肠肽与异常胃肠通过的关系

目的　研究P物质 (substanceP ,SP)和血管活性肠肽 (vasoactiveintestinalpeptide ,VIP)与异常胃肠通过的关系。方法　应用放射免疫方法测定了 2 2名健康志愿者、2 8名慢传输患者、2 6名快传输患者血浆及结肠组织中的SP和VIP质量浓度 ,并测定了 2 5名糖尿病患者血浆中SP及VIP质量浓度。结果　慢传输患者血浆及结肠组织SP及VIP质量浓度较健康志愿者低 ,而快传输患者血浆及结肠组织SP及VIP质量浓度较健康志愿者高 ,糖尿病患者血浆SP质量浓度较健康志愿者低。结论　血浆中的SP和VIP质量浓度与异常胃肠通过有关     

胃肠激素与十二指肠胃反流及消化间期胃肠移行性复合运动的关系

目的　探讨胃肠激素与生理性十二指肠胃反流 (DGR)及胃肠消化间期移行性复合运动 (MMC)的关系。方法　选择健康志愿者 2 0例 ,进行 2 4h胃内 pH和胃内胆汁监测 ;采用灌注式测压法进行长时夜间胃窦十二指肠压力测定 ;分别于碱反流、胆汁反流发生前后及胃窦十二指肠MMC各时相抽血 ,检测胃动素 (MTL)、P物质 (SP)、生长抑素(SS)、一氧化氮 (NO)的水平。结果　碱反流和胆汁反流发生时与未发生时比较 ,血中NO的浓度明显增高 ,分别为(98.2 3± 12 .14 ) μmol·L-1和 (71.2 4± 10 .2 1) μmol·L-1(P <0 .0 1) ;(87.32± 11.4 6 ) μmol·L-1和 (6 9.4 5± 10 .5 6 ) μmol·L-1(P <0 .0 5 ) ;血浆中MTL、SP、SS的浓度无显著性差异。血浆MTL浓度在胃窦MMCⅢ相时为 (32 9.5 6± 4 7.2 8)ng·L-1,比MMCⅠ相 (2 37.4 3± 4 1.5 4 )ng·L-1和MMCⅡ相 (2 5 6 .5 6± 4 4 .32 )ng·L-1显著增高 (P均 <0 .0 5 )。SP、SS、和NO在MMC各相无显著差异。结论　DGR的发生与NO浓度改变有关 ;MTL与MMCⅢ相的发生有关。     

肿瘤坏死因子α、白介素1β和舒马曲坦对大鼠三叉神经节离体培养后降钙素基因相关肽mRNA表达水平的影响

目的探讨肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白介素1β(IL-1β)和抗偏头痛药物舒马曲坦(Sumatriptan)对大鼠三叉神经节(TG)离体培养后降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)mRNA表达水平的影响及其细胞内信号转导机制。方法将不同浓度的TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-2和Sumatriptan分别加入DMEM培养液中,与SD大鼠TG离体孵育24h;进一步将细胞内丝裂原激活的蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号转导系统ERK1/2、JNK、P38三条信号通路关键激酶特异性阻断剂PD98059、SP600125、SB239063加入DMEM培养液中,30min后分别加入有效浓度的炎性因子TNF-α和IL-1β后,与大鼠TG共同孵育24h,实时定量PCR(RT-PCR)法检测TG内CGRP-mRNA表达水平变化。结果 50μg/L的TNF-α、25μg/L的IL-1β可明显上调离体TG内CGRP-mRNA表达水平(P<0.05),0.1g/L和0.5g/L Sumatriptan能显著下调TG内CGRP-mRNA表达水平,而20～80μg/L的IL-2对CGRP-mRNA表达无影响。特异性阻滞剂SP600125、SB239063分别与50μg/L TNF-α、25μg/L IL-1β孵育24h后,CGRP-mRNA表达量较对照组显著降低(P<0.05)。结论 TG离体培养时,炎性因子TNF-α、IL-1β可显著上调CGRP-mRNA表达水平;一定浓度的舒马曲坦能下调CGRP-mRNA表达;JNK和P38信号转导通路参与了TNF-α、IL-1β诱导的TG内CGRP-mRNA上调过程。     

EXPLORE ON DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC VALUES OF EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA： UTILITY OF SERUM CA19-9 AND SERUM CEA

Extrahepaticcholangiocarcinoma (EHCC)isamalignanttumorarisingfrombileductepithelium .Unlikemosthumancancers ,atissuediagnosisofcholangiocarcinomaisoftenextremelydifficultbe causeoftumorlocation ,size ,anddesmoplasticcharacteristics .Percutaneousfineneedleaspirationisfrequentlynotpossiblebecausemanyofthesetu morsarelocatedintheliverhilumamidlargevascu larstructure .Furthermore ,tumormassesareoftennotevenidentifiablebyCT ,ultrasound ,ormag neticresonanceimaging .Endoscopicapproachesarealsoofl…     

INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION AT FULL TERM PREGNANCIES WITH ENDOCRINE FACTORS

Intrauterinegrowthretardation(IUGR)isoneofthecriticalcomplicationsduringpregnancyandremainsthemajorcauseofperinatalmorbidityandmorta1ity.Despiteadvancesintheresearchofeti-ology,pathogenesis,diagnosis,andmanagementforIUGR,doctorscouldneitherdiagnoseitcor-rectlynormanageitefficiently.ThedataprovidedbynationalresearchinggroupforbirthdefectsshowedthattheincidencerateofIUGRwas6.38%inChina.Amongthetotalperinataldeathofneonates,themortalityofIUGRaccountsfor42.3%.Moreover,evenaftertheirbirth,th…     

超声观测高同型半胱氨酸血症兔内皮功能损伤与血管细胞粘附分子的关系

目的研究高同型半胱氨酸血症(HHcy)兔血浆细胞粘附分子-1(VCAM-1)及一氧化氮(NO)的变化与内皮依赖性舒张功能(EDD)的关系,探讨内皮功能损伤的机理。方法将22只新西兰兔随机分为两组,每组11只,分别喂食正常饲料(正常对照组)、L-蛋氨酸[0.8g/(kg.d)]饲料(蛋氨酸组),分别于0、20、40、60、80d取血检测NO和VCAM-1的浓度,同时应用高分辨力超声检测其髂外动脉EDD的改变。结果①与正常对照组相比,蛋氨酸组兔髂外动脉的EDD显著降低,且呈明显的时间依赖性[80d,(-1.74±3.58)%vs.0d,(13.43±4.13)%,P<0.01];②与正常对照组相比,蛋氨酸组兔血浆中NO明显降低[80d,(217.43±27.38)μmol/L vs.0d,(379.75±56.83)μmol/L,P<0.05],血浆VCAM-1却明显升高[80d,(0.091 2±0.009 7)ng/mLvs.0d,(0.047 2±0.004 7)ng/mL,P<0.01],亦呈现明显的时间依赖性。结论高分辨力超声检测到的内皮依赖性舒张功能降低与血浆粘附分子明显相关,同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)导致内皮功能损伤是一个多途径的综合损伤。     

Serum concentrations of laminin and fibronectin in patients with acute coronary syndromes

Objective To study the serum iaminin (LN) and fibronectin (FN) changes in acute coronary syndromes (ACS), and explore the role of them in assessing the severity of ACS. Methods This study included 46 ACS patients [25 with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and 21 with unstable angina (UA)], 51 stable angina (SA) patients and 47 people without CHD as controls. Serum levels of LN, FN, fibrinogen and blood fat were assessed. Coronary angiography were performed on 49 of them. Results The serum concentration of LN was lower in ACS patients [(85.20±27. 57)ng/mL], higher in SA patients [(116. 80 ± 28. 80)ng/mL] as compared to that in the control group [(100.06±29.96)ng/mL], with significant difference among the groups (P<0.05). No difference was found in FN among the three groups. However, the subgroup analysis in the group with ACS showed that the serum concentration of FN was significantly higher in UA patients [(229.60±121.39)μg/mL ], and lower in AMI patients [(108.31±47.12) μg/mL ]. The serum LN and FN concentration could respectively enter the logistic regression equations of ACS patients and US patients. Neither LN nor FN concentration was correlated with narrowing of coronary artery of angiography. Conclusion Serum LN and FN level may be a useful indicator for stability of atherosclerosis plaque in coronary arterial disease patients, but could not predict the extent of narrowing in coronary angiography.     

不同性别的原发性膜性肾病的临床及病理分析

目的了解不同性别的原发性膜性肾病的临床、病理特点及其有无区别。方法回顾分析我院482例原发性膜性肾病的临床及病理资料。结果①发病年龄:男(46.89±16.73)岁,女(48.39±15.45)岁,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);②临床表现:在病程、血尿、高血压的发生率方面两组无差异(P>0.05),而浮肿的发生率男性81.43%,女性88.57%,女性高于男性(P<0.05);临床主要表现为肾病综合征,男、女性分别为82.41%(253/307)、82.29%(144/175),两组无差异(P>0.05);③实验室检查:尿蛋白定量男性(4.79±2.88)g/(1.73m2.d),女性(4.15±1.85)g/(1.73m2.d),血浆白蛋白男性(25.86±7.87)g/L,女性(27.05±6.57)g/L,血IgG水平男性(7.11±3.66)mmol/L,女性(8.05±3.33)mmol/L,分别行两组间比较均有差异(P<0.05);尿蛋白定量与血浆白蛋白、血IgG呈负相关,与胆固醇呈正相关(P<0.05),男女间结果一致;尿素氮男性(6.67±4.21)mmol/L,女性(5.43±2.96)mmol/L,肌酐男性(102.82±110.3)μmol/L,女性(83.06±89.61)μmol/L,两组均有差异(P<0.05),但经体表面积校正后两组肌酐清除率比较无差异(P>0.05);④病理方面:免疫荧光检查除无肾小球的外,均为免疫复合物性肾小球肾炎,以IgG沉积为主,男性占98.96%,女性99.40%,病理类型以Ⅰ期膜性肾病最常见,男女性分别为62.54%、61.14%,两组间无差异;⑤危险度评价,男性较女性高。结论①原发性膜性肾病好发于中老年,男性多于女性;②临床主要表现为肾病综合征;③男性的尿蛋白量大于女性,而血浆白蛋白、血IgG低于女性,胆固醇高于女性;④病理以Ⅰ期膜性肾病常见。     

The study of correlative factors to resistin and its regression equation in type 2 diabetes

Objective To study the changes of resistin and the relationship between resistin and other indexes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Seventy patients with type 2 diabetics were chosen and divided into three groups according to weight index and 15 healthy persons were chosen as controls. ELISA was adopted to determine resistin concentration. Oxydase method was adopted to measure blood sugar. Radio immunoassay was used to measure insulin level. Results Resistin concentration of patient groups r(23.06±9.34)μg/L ] was significantly higher than that of control group [( 9. 89±4. 47) μg/L, P<0. 01 ]. Resistin was positively related to body mass index (r = 0.4 467) and fat distribution (r= 0. 3 314, P<0.01). Resistin was also positively correlated to the area under the curve of sugar tolerance (r=0. 7 063, P<0. 01), negatively related to the insulin resistance index (r=-0. 4 154, P<0.01), but not related to area under the curve of synchronous insulin release (P>0. 05). And a formula was obtainted : Resistin=- 15. 869 0. 339×GAUC 0.790×BMI. Conclusion The level of reslstin in type 2 diabetics is higher. And reslstin is related to other factors. This formula is of great significance for clinical study of diabetic's disor- ders.     

脑梗塞患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与叶酸、B_(12)的关系

目的　研究同型半胱氨酸 (HCY)与脑梗塞的关系及叶酸、维生素B1 2 (B1 2 )对HCY水平的影响。方法　采用高效液相色谱荧光检测法测定 40例脑梗塞患者和 2 0例同龄健康对照组血浆HCY浓度 ,用SimulTRAC SNB放射法测定两组血清叶酸、B1 2 的含量。结果　①脑梗塞患者血浆HCY浓度 (2 4 0 2 μmol/L± 1 1 2 4 μmol/L)高于对照组 (1 4 0 μmol/L± 4 48μmol/L) (P <0 0 1 ) ;②脑梗塞患者叶酸水平 (4 82 μg/L± 1 97μg/L)显著低于对照组 (6 88μg/L± 2 85μg/L) (P <0 0 0 1 ) ;脑梗塞患者B1 2 含量 (2 4 7 56ng/L± 1 58 72ng/L)略低于对照组 (2 70 31ng/L±1 98 39ng/L) ,但无显著差异 (P >0 0 5) ,Pearson相关分析显示两组HCY浓度与叶酸水平均呈负相关性 ,与B1 2 水平无显著相关。结论　脑梗塞患者血浆HCY浓度高于同龄健康人 ;HCY浓度与叶酸水平呈负相关性 ,与B1 2 水平相关性不显著     

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对于缅甸的仰光市而言,鉴于其新的快速轨道交通系统对于缓解城市现在以及将来的交通压力方面的作用,本文将依据SP调查数据对其居民出行方式选择行为进行研究。与发达国家相比,由于发展中国家诸如收入等社会经济环境因素变化相对较快,这就要求我们无论在调查方法还是模型构造上都要反映出这种交通行为决定因素的影响。因此,此次SP调查首先在设计就反映出了将来的收入以及其他服务水平属性变化的影响;同时,也相应地进行了RP调查。接下来,要对一个RP/SP相结合的交通方式选择模型进行标定;在这个模型中,出行时间和费用的参数被分别定义为将来收入的函数。此次SP（以及RP）调查选在仰光市的一个住宅区进行,时间是2003年3月。调查结果显示,与其他交通方式相比较,被调查的人对新的快速轨道交通系统显示出了极大的偏爱。利用调查上来的数据,本文对所提出的模型结构的有效性进行了验证。另外,模型对将来的模拟分析结果显示：随着收入的增加,将来仰光市小汽车的使用将有一个很大的增加,而新的快速轨道交通系统的利用将因此减少。     

小汽车与轨道交通出行方式选择行为分析

研究出行方式选择行为有助于引导私人小汽车出行者改乘轨道交通出行。以上海世博期间驾驶人的通勤出行为研究对象,通过RP和SP调查采集驾驶人实际通勤出行情况和世博期间的出行方式选择行为,得到小汽车相比轨道交通的出行时间节省量和费用差与是否选择轨道交通存在联系。应用离散选择模型分析出行方式选择的影响因素,建立二项Logit模型。结果表明,驾龄较短和低收入的驾驶人更愿意选择轨道交通,年轻驾驶人（相比年长者）、频繁使用小汽车者更愿意选择小汽车出行。     

Oleanolic acid-induced apoptosis and its relation with intracellular calcium in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells

Objective To investigate the effect of oleanolic acid (OA) on apoptosis, correlation between apoptosis and intracellular calcium, and its mechanism in human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. Methods Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were incubated in vitro and assigned with OA concentrations of 0, 10, 20 and 40μg/mL. The apoptosis status of A549 cell line was detected with Annexin V-FITC/PI by flow cytometry (FCM); fluorescence intensity (FI) of A549 cells was assessed and the level of intracellular calcium was calculated at 24 hour of OA intervention. The relation between apoptosis and calcium FI was illustrated by curve fitting. Results FCM showed that 10, 20 and 40μg/mL of OA could induce A549 cell apoptosis, which followed a concentration-effect pattern; 24-hour intervention with 20μg/mL and 40μg/mL OA showed increased A549 cell apoptosis, and was significantly different from that with 0μg/mL OA (P<0.01). The FI of intracellular calcium concentration in 10, 20 and 40μg/mL OA groups was significantly higher than that in 0μg/mL group after 24 hours' intervention, and the FI showed a trend of increase with increased OA concentration (P<0.01). Curve fitting showed a significant correlation between apoptosis rate and intracellular calcium concentration in A549 cells (r=0.981, P<0.01). Regression equation was Y=0.508X-1.627. Conclusion OA plays a role in inducing apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The OA-induced apoptosis is responsible for intracellular calcium overload of the tumor.     

ANTITUMOR MECHANISM OF GEM10 BY THE NATURAL KILLER ACTIVITY AND INTERLEUKIN-2 PRODUCTION

Studiesongermaniumcompoundsshowedthattheyhavemanybiologicaleffects ,suchasanti tu mor[1] ,improvingimmunity[2 ] ,reducingthecon centrationofbloodcholestrolandtrilycerides[3] ,in hibitingvirusreproduction ,butthesideeffectsoftoxicrestricttheirclinicaluses[4 ,5] .Therefore ,itisstillnecessarytodevelopothernewcompoundsoforganogermaniums.GeM 10 ,aneworganicgerma niumcompounds alkili metalcomplexcombinedwitheffectiveextractsofsomeChinesetraditionalherbs ,hasbeendemonstratedtobesaferandmorereliable.…     

基于SP调查的缅甸仰光市居民收入对其出行方式选择的影响研究

对于缅甸的仰光市而言,鉴于其新的快速轨道交通系统对于缓解城市现在以及将来的交通压力方面的作用,本文将依据SP调查数据对其居民出行方式选择行为进行研究.与发达国家相比,由于发展中国家诸如收入等社会经济环境因素变化相对较快,这就要求我们无论在调查方法还是模型构造上都要反映出这种交通行为决定因素的影响.因此,此次SP调查首先在设计上就反映出了将来的收入以及其他服务水平属性变化的影响;同时,也相应地进行了RP调查.接下来,要对一个RP/SP相结合的交通方式选择模型进行标定;在这个模型中,出行时间和费用的参数被分别定义为将来收入的函数.此次SP（以及RP）调查选在仰光市的一个住宅区进行,时间是2003年3月.调查结果显示,与其他交通方式相比较,被调查的人对新的快速轨道交通系统显示出了极大的偏爱.利用调查上来的数据,本文对所提出的模型结构的有效性进行了验证.另外,模型对将来的模拟分析结果显示：随着收入的增加,将来仰光市小汽车的使用将有一个很大的增加,而新的快速轨道交通系统的利用将因此减少.     

初级传入神经释放P物质与α_2肾上腺素能受体的关系

本研究用大鼠背侧脊髓温育切片,观察了α_2肾上腺素能受体的活性对辣椒素(CAP)诱发P物质(SP)释放的影响。当灌流液中加入CAP(3μmol/L)后,SP释放增加4倍。CAP诱发的SP总释放率为0.45±0.1%,当应用α_2肾上腺素能受体激动剂可乐宁(10μmol/L)时,SP总释放率下降到0.25±0.02%(n=11,P<0.05)。育亨宾(100μmol/L)可拮抗可乐宁的效应。该结果提示,初级传入神经细纤维的中枢端的SP释放,受α_2肾上腺素能受体活性的调制。     

Capturing Travelers' Stated Mode Choice Preferences Under Influence of Income in Yangon City,Myanmar

Focusing on the role of a new transit system (NTS) in mitigating current and future potential traffic issues in Yangon City of Myanmar, this paper attempts to analyze the mode choice behavior based on a stated preference (SP) survey. In comparison with developed countries, developing countries are characterized by rapidly changing socio-economic environments (especially, income). It is required to reflect the influence of such decision context in both survey method and modeling framework. Therefore, SP survey is first designed to incorporate the influence of future income, as well as other level-of-service attributes, whereas a revealed preference (RP) survey is also prepared. Second, a RP/SP combined mode choice model is estimated in which the parameters of travel time and cost are defined as a function of future income, respectively. A SP survey was conducted at a residential area of Yangon City in March 2003. This is the first SP survey done in Myanmar. Respondents show the highest preference of NTS among travel modes. The effectiveness of the proposed model structure was empirically confirmed. Furthermore, simulation analysis suggests that future income will bring about a potentially large increase in car usage and consequently reduction in transit systems.     

EFFECTS OF DESENSITIZATION AND REBOUND TO ADENOSINE ON ACTION POTENTIAL AND CONTRACTILITY IN ATRIAL CELLS IN GUINEA-PIGS

Ａｄｅｎｏｓｉｎｅ (Ａｄｏ)ｉｓａｎｅｎｄｏｇｅｎｏｕｓｐｕｒｉｎｅｎｕ ｃｌｅｏｓｉｄｅｔｈａｔｒｅｇｕｌａｔｅｓｍａｎｙｐｈｙｓｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌａｎｄｐａｔｈｏ ｐｈｙｓｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｅｓｉｎｂｏｄｙ .Ｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｎｃａｒｄ ｉｏｖａｓｃｕｌａｒｓｙｓｔｅｍａｒｅｅｓｐｅｃｉａｌｌｙｏｂｖｉｏｕｓ .Ｐｅｏｐｌｅｆｏｕｎｄｔｈａｔａｃｅｔｙｌｃｈｏｌｉｎｅ (ＡＣｈ)ａｎｄａｄｅｎｏｓｉｎｅｈａｄｔｈｅｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅｉｎｏｔｒｏｐｉｃ ,ｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅｃｈｒｏｎｏｔｒ…     

基于城市综合体分类的停车收费政策预评估

为有效评估停车收费政策在不同类型城市综合体中产生的效果差异,基于辐射范围、居民出行距离及公共交通服务水平三项特征指标,利用K-Means聚类算法将城市综合体分成市域型和区域型两类。与区域型综合体相比,市域型综合体辐射范围更广、所吸引的人群活动出行距离更长、公共交通服务水平更具竞争力。构建城市综合体居民行为选择模型,利用RP/SP融合数据标定模型参数,以消除意愿调查产生的偏差。该模型综合考虑停车收费政策和公共交通服务水平的关联性,能有效分析停车收费价格上涨幅度和公共交通服务水平改善对市域型和区域型城市综合体居民方式选择行为影响的贡献程度,为区域差别化停车收费政策制定提供参考依据。     

脐血胰岛素样生长因子-2和印记基因H19与胎儿生长受限的关系

目的探讨脐血胰岛素样生长因子-2(IGF-2)和H19印记状态与胎儿生长受限(FGR)的关系。方法采用放射免疫法测定42例FGR孕妇(研究组)和晚期正常妊娠妇女30例(对照组)脐血中IGF-2水平,同时采用逆转录多聚酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术,检测胎盘组织中H19基因印记状态。结果①研究组脐血IGF-2水平为(1.52±0.20)μg/L,明显低于对照组的(1.97±0.21)μg/L(P<0.05)。②研究组中杂合子20例,其中9例双等位基因表达;对照组中杂合子14例,均为单等位基因表达;研究组H19基因印记丢失明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。③研究组H19双等位基因表达的病例脐血IGF-2水平均明显低于H19杂合性丢失和H19单等位基因表达病例(P<0.05);H19杂合性丢失和H19单等位基因表达病例脐血IGF-2水平无显著性差异。结论妊娠晚期IGF-2减低是导致FGR发生的原因之一;H19基因印记丢失下调IGF-2基因间接影响胎儿生长发育。