SWATH船型及其阻力性能计算

介绍了小水线面双体船（SWATH）船型结构，主要性能特点，发展简史以及我国在这方面的研究与开发工作，并对SWATH阻力性能进行了计算研究，给出了该船型阻力计算方法以及某SWATH船型的一些计算结果。     

基于NURBS高阶面元法的浅水船舶兴波阻力计算

实现了一种船舶兴波阻力和兴波波形的数值计算方法，将CFD与CAD技术联系在一起，应用NURBS曲面造型技术将船体曲面表达为统一的数学模型，使性能计算的真实物面条件得以满足，应用高阶面元法数值模拟单、双体船在浅水航道中定常直航状态下的兴波阻力与兴波波形，并与瑞典ShipFlow软件的计算结果进行比较分析，表明该方法是可行的．     

基于FLUENT软件的小水线面双体船粘性流数值模拟

利用计算流体力学商业软件FLUENT对一实尺度小水线面双体船(SWATH)数学船型的粘性绕流进行了数值模拟，得到了不同航速下的船体表面总压力、表面剪切应力分布和相应的粘性阻力系数；将各航速下的粘性阻力计算结果和经验公式估算结果作了比较，验证了FLUENT用于计算小水线面双体船三维粘性流和粘性阻力的有效性．     

无人艇艇型优化方法

为了计算和优化无人艇在中低速段艇型阻力性能,考虑了自由表面非线性和黏性的影响,研究了滑行艇在排水航行状态的兴波阻力计算方法.结合线性兴波阻力理论,将给定约束条件下的艇型优化问题转换为求泛函极值的有约束数学优化问题,通过非线性规划优化理论,对给定的艇体主参数约束下的目标函数做有条件最小化,求解最佳优型.理论计算结果和艇模试验结果表明:利用计算方法能够有效、快速地计算艇型兴波阻力,优化后的艇型在给定的速度区间(傅汝德数为0.1～0.7)的兴波阻力系数明显降低,在优化速度点(傅汝德数为0.5)降低约20％.     

基于非线性规划法的最小阻力船型优化设计

为了获得阻力性能优良船型,以兴波阻力理论为基础,利用非线性规划法并结合CAD技术研究最小阻力船型的优化设计.以总阻力为目标函数,总阻力用兴波阻力和平板摩擦阻力之和来表达,设计变量取船型修改函数的参数,在保证必要的排水量为基本约束条件下,选取Wigley船型为初始船型,分别对船体的首部和全船线型进行优化设计.通过将改良船型的阻力性能、船体线型和基于Michell积分法的优化计算结果相比较,证实了在相同的设计参数和约束条件下,采用Rankine源法进行船型优化结果更可靠.     

三体海水采样无人船最优阻力性能设计

本文以一条三体无人船为计算对象,详细说明了一种利用"叠模"法和"细长体"理论为分析手段,观察目标三体无人船在一系列不同中间片体位置和片体间距条件下的粘性阻力和兴波阻力特性,并通过计算分析,寻找粘性阻力和兴波阻力随中间片体位置、片体间距的变化规律,进而以优化设计航速时的阻力为设计目标,并最终确定中间片体设计参数最佳方案的方法.     

船波计算中差分格式与配置点移动的耦合影响

对船舶兴波阻力计算中差分格式，配置点移动产生的数值误差及其耦合影响进行了分析，认为不同的差分格式或其线性组合仅能控制格式自身的数据耗散与色散，而对总体色散误差的改变无能为力。     

用面元法预报船舶的兴波阻力及波型

采用基于开尔文源的面元法求解航行于均匀流场中的船舶兴波问题．在船体湿表面上布置开尔文源，使其严格满足船体表面条件．数值计算中，首先采用分部积分对被积函数进行简化处理，然后采用高斯积分实现面元和线元上的积分，避免了被积函数为高频振荡函数所带来的数值计算的复杂性和不确定性．计算结果表明，其波型及兴波阻力系数与试验结果和其他数值方法相比均吻合较好．     

非线性兴波阻力计算

叙述了计算船舶非线性兴波阻力的一种方法，采用面元法满足完全非线性边条的势流场。特点是采用三角形单元，源面自自由面上置和自湿水面下潜，每次迭代均适应新的波面重新作网格划分，所采用的迭代方式未发生不收敛问题，只需少数迭代次数即达到收敛。对Ｔｏｄｄ６０系列Ｃｂ＝０．６￣０．７５及不同Ｌ／Ｂ，Ｂ／Ｔ作了计算，所得计算结果与试验值符合，令人满意。     

SWATH船稳定鳍的优化设计

建立了SWATH船稳定鳍优化的数学模型,并针对模型多设计变量、非线性和多约束等特点采用了遗传算法对其进行了优化求解．然后,以SWATH-6A为实例对稳定鳍的安装位置、展长和弦长进行了优化,并将优化结果跟已有的一对鳍进行了比较研究．从仿真结果来看,在相同的条件下文中优化得到的稳定鳍能使SWATH船的各方面性能都更好．     

Shape optimization of bow bulbs with minimum wave-making resistance based on Rankine source method

The hull form optimization concerns one of the most important applications of wave-making resistance theories. In recent years, scholars can determine the hull form by using the optimization method based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and other mathematical techniques. In this paper, the hull form optimization method based on the Rankine source method and nonlinear programming (NLP) is discussed; in the optimization process, a hull form modification function is introduced to represent an improved hull surface and to generate a new smooth hull surface by changing its frame lines and bow stem profiles under the prescribed design constraints. Numerical example is given for a practical container hull form. Finally, shape optimization of bow bulls is shown for non-protruding and protruding bow bulls. This study presents a simplified and practical design method to the select frame lines of bow bulls.     

The numerical simulation of a towing cylinder based on immersed body boundary method

An immersed body boundary method is adopted to track the motions of a towing cylinder, and a homogenous multiphase Eulerian-Eulerian fluid approach is used to capture the free surface. The Reynolds average Navier-Stockes (RANS) solver is applied to all gird nodes to deal with different velocities of the nodes that are in the body boundary, near the boundary and out of the boundary and their effect on the fluid. The towing cylinder resistance at different submerged depths in the tank is presented. The simulation results are compared with the experimental data, and the method is verified and validated. Finally, the hydrodynamic characters of the cylinder are discussed further. The numerical and experimental results show that at high speeds, the deeper the cylinder submerges, the lower resistance it suffers. The resistance coefficient trough is obtained at Froude number in the range of 0.3 < F r < 0.4. These phenomena can provide some suggestions on the small waterplane area twin hull (SWATH) design.     

Numerical research on wave-making resistance of trimaran

A 3D rankine panel method was developed for calculating the linear wave-making resistance of a tri-maran with Wigiey hulls. In order to calculate the normal vector and derivative of the body surface accurately,non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) was adopted to represent body surface and rankine source density.The radiation condition is satisfied using the numerical technology of staggered grids. Numerical results showthat the linear wave-making resistance of the trimaran can be calculated effectively using this method.     

Prediction of hydrodynamic forces on a moored ship induced by a passing ship in shallow water using a high-order panel method

A three-dimensional high-order panel method based on non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) is developed for predicting the hydrodynamic interaction forces on a moored ship induced by a passing ship in shallow water. An NURBS surface is used to precisely represent the hull geometry. Velocity potential on the hull surface is described by B-spline after the source density distribution on the boundary surface is determined. A collocation approach is applied to the boundary integral equation discretization. Under the assumption of low passing speed, the effect of free surface elevation is neglected in the numerical calculation, and infinite image method is used to deal with the finite water depth effect. The time stepping method is used to solve the velocity potential at each time step. Detailed convergence study with respect to time step, panel size and Green function is undertaken. The present results of hydrodynamic forces are compared with those obtained by slender-body theory to show the validity of the proposed numerical method. Calculations are conducted for different water depths and lateral distances between ships, and the detail results are presented to demonstrate the effects of these factors.     

双桨双舵船舶操纵性预报研究

采用MMG数学模型，结合双桨双舵船舶的水动力性能特点，建立了双桨双舵船舶在静水中水平面上的操纵运动模拟模型，应用该模型对一艘双桨双舵船舶在满载条件下的定常回转试验、Z形试验和紧急停船试验进行了数值模拟，得到了表征船舶操纵性的指标．通过将预报的操纵性指标和IMO提出的操纵性标准进行比较，实现了对该船操纵性的定性预报．     

基于人工神经网络的船型设计与阻力预报

船舶阻力与船体形状之间的关系是复杂的非线性关系,在实际设计中预报船舶阻力的方法一般主要有经验公式法和CFD方法.从打破传统方法的局限性和避免CFD计算的高成本出发,考虑人工神经网络理论对处理非线性复杂问题具有良好的适应性,采用RBF神经网络,试图为不同设计阶段的需要提出新的船型设计方法,并建立了相应的船型-阻力性能预测模型.通过实际数据验证了此方法的可行性和实用性.     

Numerical study on bank effects for a ship sailing in shallow channel

A numerical study on bank effects in shallow channels is carried out by using a first-order Rankine source panel method. A container ship sailing along a vertical bank and a sloping bank at different forward speeds, different water depths and different distances between the bank and the ship hull is taken as example. The sway force and yaw moment acting on the hull are calculated and the influences of the speed, water depth and distance between the bank and ship hull on the hydrodynamic force and moment are analyzed. This study can provide insight into the bank effects, as well as to give guidance on ship manoeuvring and control in restricted waterways, which is helpful to the navigation safety.     

潜艇螺旋桨直接辐射噪声的数值计算

采用计算流体力学与声学边界元方法相结合求解了潜艇尾部大侧斜螺旋桨的直接辐射噪声.与一般螺旋桨噪声计算不同的是,螺旋桨非定常计算时引入了潜艇尾部桨盘面的速度分布作为非均匀来流,能够提供更加真实的螺旋桨脉动压力源场.提取桨叶表面的声偶极源项后,采用边界元方法,求解FW-H方程,得到了螺旋桨空间测点的声压谱和总声级.桨盘面速度分布由全附体潜艇粘性流场数值计算得到,其可信性由艇体表面的压力系数与试验值的比较给予了验证.螺旋桨数值模型的可信性由敞水特性预报值与试验值的比较进行了验证.