海洋工程水下结构检测与清污机器人控制系统研究

针对自主研发的水下检测与清污机器人设计了一套控制系统.该系统分水面控制系统和水下控制系统两大部分,水面控制系统主要包括PC机、控制箱、脐带缆、控制摇杆等设备.水下控制系统包括嵌入式微控制器、视觉照明模块、安全保护模块、传感器模块、运动模块、供电模块等部分.并对控制系统的软件硬件进行了设计,建立了纵向和艏向动力学模型,根据ROV结构、功能特点等简化模型;设计了一种新颖的结合PID控制的约束输入输出的直接广义预测控制算法,并对水下机器人的艏向和纵向运动展开研究.仿真结果表明,该算法具有稳定性好、自适应强等优点,具有良好的控制效果.     

海底电缆巡检水下机器人的模块化控制系统

为了提高海底电缆巡检水下机器人操控稳定性,进行控制系统的模块化设计,在嵌入式ARM下进行海底电缆巡检水下机器人控制系统优化设计,控制系统分为上位机模块、下位机模块、探测模块、传感信息采集模块、智能信息处理模块和通信传输模块等,将照明传感器和压力传感器置于机器人控制系统的下位机部分,进行图像和环境数据采集,对采集的海底电缆分布信息在智能信息处理模块中实现加工和判断,采用MSP430F149嵌入式控制芯片进行中央控制单元开发,上位机模块实现数据上传和远程通信,采用超低功耗16位单片机MSP430F149进行机器人控制系统的集成信息处理和控制指令传输,实现系统的硬件模块化开发。测试表明,该控制系统具有很好的水下机器人稳定性控制性能,提高对海底电缆的准确巡检能力。     

弱磁型四旋翼AUV的深度与姿态控制

为对磁性敏感的实验装置提供一个无磁干扰、具有一定深度以及姿态稳定的水下测试环境,设计一款基于经典比例积分微分（PID）算法控制的弱磁型四旋翼水下自主航行器。本文通过外形设计,对该自主航行器进行三维建模,从而建立该AUV的运动学模型,进行稳定性分析。通过电气系统以及控制系统的设计与组装,调整各控制参数,成功搭建该自主航行器并进行水池实验。通过实验可知,基于PID控制的弱磁型四旋翼水下自主航行器通过无浮力缆与上位机连接,可以实现定深以及定姿态的功能。同时将各个误差值控制在理想范围内,验证了该控制系统的稳定性以及鲁棒性。     

基于LQG/LTR的水下航行器多变量鲁棒控制

基于LQG/LTR方法对水下航行器进行多变量鲁棒控制设计,解决在模型不确定及受到随机干扰情况下水下航行器的控制设计问题,使得水下航行器控制系统具有良好的鲁棒性和动态品质.对水下航行器非线性动力学模型进行仿真实验,仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性和可行性.     

水下锚机设计关键技术

文章介绍某型半潜船水下锚机的使用工况及环境要求,分析总体结构设计、隔舱密封设计、锚进近保护设计和防海水腐蚀设计等关键技术.通过对控制系统和液压系统设计方案进行对比分析,得出解决水下锚机工作的最优方案,为实现锚机的智能化及无人化操作奠定技术基础.     

基于Labview的PID算法在小型水下机器人中的应用

主要讨论基于图形化编程语言(Labview)的PID控制算法在小型水下机器人中的应用.利用PID算法对小型水下机器人的航向角和深度进行控制,从而提高其稳定性.实验表明,通过PID算法对机器人运动的控制,能实现水下机器人对目标进行锁定观测.通过本文的控制方案,不但简化了控制系统,同时也大大改善了小型水下机器人的工作性能,从而使其能适应较复杂的工作环境.     

水下滑翔机试验样机系统设计

水下滑翔机作为一种新型的水下机器人巧妙地利用了水平固定翼将净重力转换为前进驱动力,从而降低了水下机器人的功耗。在海洋科学研究、环境监测、资源探测和军事侦察等方面都具有广阔的应用前景。文章介绍了水下滑翔机试验样机主体结构设计,姿态调节系统设计,浮力调节液压系统设计和控制系统系统设计。对嵌入式低功耗设计和层次设计做了重点介绍,并且对基于双向流量计浮力调节液压系统进行了详细介绍和仿真分析。     

一种水下等离子体声源充放电控制系统设计

介绍一种水下等离子体声源充放电控制系统的设计方案,能为水下强声源干扰对抗控制提供一种解决途径,设计的充放电控制系统能实现对多个等离子体声源的充放电进行远程操控,并监控工作状态。控制系统设计上选取高精度器件,并采取了一系列防护措施,以适应复杂的工作条件,并满足微秒级高精度时序控制要求。     

水下控制系统设计研究

此研究是:基于南海某水下气田开发的基本设计工作,结合规范要求,对水下控制系统的主要设计范围和设计方法进行梳理。控制系统包括了水上和水下两个部分,在生产运营中由作业者直接操作,起到保持平稳生产的重要角色。     

基于指数趋近滑模控制的水下机器人-机械手系统轨迹跟踪

针对水下机器人-机械手一体系统需要快速、准确实现预定轨迹跟踪以实现作业的要求,提出一种基于指数趋近律的滑模变结构控制方法,以期提高系统的响应速度与控制精度,并减小系统抖振,实现对系统运动轨迹的控制。为此本文首先建立水下机器人-机械手系统整体动力学模型,并基于指数趋近律和滑模变结构控制建立系统的控制器,通过李雅普诺夫稳定性理论对控制系统的稳定性进行验证。然后在Matlab环境中对水下机器人-机械手系统进行轨迹跟踪控制仿真。仿真结果表明,建立的滑模控制系统响应快,控制误差小,能够有效地实现水下机器人-机械手系统的运动轨迹控制。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.