基于一面两孔特征的点云配准方法

为了提高零件在扫描检测过程中点云与设计模型的配准精度,提出了一种基于一面两孔特征的点云配准方法.该方法粗配准以零件的平面/圆柱孔特征为对象,使设计模型和点云的局部坐标系重合,并通过改进ICP算法求解点云与设计模型最近点的距离最小平方和实现精配准.由于配准区域和最近点的计算方法不同,精配准进一步分为全域和特征域配准两种类型.全域精配准以距点云最近的设计模型三角网格点或投影点为最近点,适合于毛坯件;特征域精配准则通过求解点云在平面/圆柱孔特征上的投影点为最近点,适合于成品件.试验及计算结果表明:全域配准的配准精度随表面离散点距离的减小而提高, 当离散点距离达到1.50 mm时,其配准精度已经达到0.15 mm,基本满足工程应用要求.当配准精度相同时,配准效率较其它方法提高10%~20%.      

A Bintree Energy Approach for Colour Image Segmentation Using Adaptive Channel Selection

A new hierarchical approach called bintree energy segmentation was presented for color image seg-mentation. The image features are extracted by adaptive clustering on multi-channel data at each level and used as the criteria to dynamically select the best chromatic channel, where the segmentation is carried out. In this approach, an extended direct energy computation method based on the Chan-Vese model was proposed to segment the selected channel, and the segmentation outputs are then fused with other channels into new images,from which a new channel with better features is selected for the second round segmentation. This procedure is repeated until the preset condition is met. Finally, a binary segmentation tree is formed, in which each leaf represents a class of objects with a distinctive color. To facilitate the data organization, image background is employed in segmentation and channels fusion. The bintree energy segmentation exploits color information involved in all channels data and tries to optimize the global segmentation result by choosing the "best" chan-nel for segmentation at each level. The experiments show that the method is effective in speed, accuracy and flexibility.     

MUTUAL INFORMATION BASED 3D NON-RIGID REGISTRATION OF CT/MR ABDOMEN IMAGES

Introduction　　 Automating medical image registration is be-coming an increasingly important goal. It formsthe basis of image processing techniques to com-bine information from the different modalities,which are now frequently acquired for many pa-tients. Such combined representations of patientimages have been shown to assistin the interpreta-tion of the complementary information provided bythe modalities[1,2 ] .　　 A variety of imaging modalities gives insightto different parameters and in…     

A bintree energy approach for colour image segmentation using adaptive channel selection

A new hierarchical approach called bintree energy segmentation was presented for color image segmentation. The image features are extracted by adaptive clustering on multi-channel data at each level and used as the criteria to dynamically select the best chromatic channel, where the segmentation is carried out. In this approach, an extended direct energy computation method based on the Chan-Vese model was proposed to segment the selected channel, and the segmentation outputs are then fused with other channels into new images, from which a new channel with better features is selected for the second round segmentation. This procedure is repeated until the preset condition is met. Finally, a binary segmentation tree is formed, in which each leaf represents a class of objects with a distinctive color. To facilitate the data organization, image background is employed in segmentation and channels fusion. The bintree energy segmentation exploits color information involved in all channels data and tries to optimize the global segmentation result by choosing the ＂best＂ channel for segmentation at each level. The experiments show that the method is effective in speed, accuracy and flexibility.     

基于点特征和边缘特征的无人机影像配准方法

为解决变形较大的无人机影像配准问题,提出了点特征和边缘特征相结合的配准方法.用尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)算法提取点特征,完成影像的初步配准,并通过多项式函数对影像进行粗校正.在此基础上提取影像的边缘特征信息,根据距离相似性对边缘特征信息进行配准;依据色彩能量差筛选点特征信息配准结果和边缘特征信息配准结果,采用小面元微分校正的方法对变形影像进行校正.实验结果表明:提出的配准方法能够弥补点特征配准方法和边缘特征配准方法的不足,其配准的鲁棒性提高10%左右,可以较好地完成变形较大的无人机影像配准.      

基于人体姿态空时特征的驾驶员疲劳检测

为减少疲劳驾驶给道路交通带来的安全隐患，本文以驾驶员人体姿态为研究对象，分析驾驶动作变化与驾驶员疲劳状态之间的联系，提出基于空时特征与人体姿态的驾驶员疲劳检测模型。首先，以改进的Simple Baselines网络定位驾驶员骨架关键点(空间特征)；其次，分析驾驶过程中人体姿态的变化特点，依据“高内聚、低耦合”的原则将人体关键点模块化，以此为基础设计多个与驾驶员疲劳驾驶相关的特征表示；最后，引入滑动窗口计算各疲劳特征的离散程度，将其作为长短时记忆网络(时间特征)的输入，从而实现对驾驶员疲劳状态的预测。通过13位被试驾驶人的驾驶行为数据实验结果表明：使用本文提出的基于空-时特征和人体姿态的驾驶员疲劳检测模型可达到97.73%的检测精确率，98.95%的召回率以及98.35%的准确率，表明该检测模型具有可行性。     

基于点特征的图像数据配准方法研究

数据配准是数据融合过程中最重要的一个环节,通过感兴趣点检测算子提取点特征,利用点特征中的控制点或特殊点来定义松弛算法中的基本点对,并对松弛算法中点特征的匹配度进行改进,从而完成基于点特征的图像配准过程.实验表明,在仅存点特征位置偏移和存在比例、旋转与平移变化2种情况下的点特征匹配中,文中所提出的匹配算法有很高的匹配正确率.     

点云数据配准算法的研究

点云配准是点云数据处理的关键,直接影响最后合成结果和模型精度。目前,点云配准方法普遍存在对配准数据初始位姿要求高的缺点。将点云配准分为两个阶段：第一阶段是基于同名点配准,即粗配准,采用人机交互式,配准过程耗时短,节约时间;第二阶段是精配准,在粗配准后,依据最小二乘原理,用间接平差思想,通过最近点迭代算法对点云数据快速配准,并采用目标点集中、目标点坐标与转入目标点集中的点坐标中误差为指标,评价配准精度。进行粗配准的精配准不仅速度快、耗时短,并且可以避免因局部收敛而带来的局部最小问题。试验表明该方法有效可行。     

Multi-band Image Registration Method Based on Fourier Transform

This paper presented a registration method based on Fourier transform for multi-band images which is involved in translation and small rotation. Although different band images differ a lot in the intensity and features,they contain certain common information which we can exploit. A model was given that the multi-band images have linear correlations under the least-square sense. It is proved that the coefficients have no effect on the registration progress if two images have linear correlations. Finally, the steps of the registration method were proposed. The experiments show that the model is reasonable and the results are satisfying.     

二维激光雷达数据角点特征的提取

为增强无人车识别行驶环境中角点特征的鲁棒性, 并提高角点特征的识别速度, 基于观测点的二变量正态概率密度映射之间的相对差值, 提出了一种角点特征提取方法; 将观测数据组映射到二变量正态概率密度空间, 获得每个观测点的映射; 对映射结果进行归一化, 消除协方差引起的数值差异; 在映射数值曲线中寻找波峰与波谷的位置, 波峰对应的观测点最接近均值点, 波谷对应的观测点最接近拐点; 利用波峰和波谷的相对高度判定该组观测数据是否符合角点特征的边长要求; 用波谷对应的原始观测数据点坐标作为角点特征, 构建环境特征地图。试验结果表明: 提取方法能够处理观测点数大于63, 观测点角度分辨率大于1°的稀疏观测数据, 在大尺寸室外环境和室内环境中, 提取方法都能够稳定识别大型角点; 对小于180个点的观测数据, 最大处理时间小于5ms, 平均处理时间小于1.9ms, 提取方法减少了构建环境特征地图的时间; 提取方法依据观测数据的二变量正态概率密度提取角点特征, 对观测误差和角点特征的尺度与形状不敏感, 能够有效提高角点特征的识别鲁棒性。      

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公交时间站点是编制时刻表的基础,选择合适的时间站点不仅能提高运营分析的准确性,还能增加编制的时刻表的执行率,进而能有效地提高公交的准点率水平.目前时间站点的选择主要依据人工经验.本文创新性地提出一种基于车辆定位数据分析的自动选择方法.首先,考察公交运营业务流程,分析出时间站点应具备的主要特性;接着,挖掘定位数据,对停站时间、车头时距和区段运营时间进行深入分析,并计算出各站点相应的时间站点特征值;然后,应用层次分析法自动选择出合适的时间站点.该方法已应用于湖北十堰市公交运营规划示范中,对于运营分析以及编制准点率水平高的行车时刻表具有重要意义.     

关于办理建造中的船舶抵押登记的若干问题刍议

通过对建造中的船舶抵押登记中标的、所有权确认、价值评估等问题的探讨，结合海事机关登记工作的实际，提出了具有现实意义的观点。     

Algorithm based on morphological component analysis and scale-invariant feature transform for image registration

In this paper, we proposed a registration method by combining the morphological component analysis (MCA) and scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) algorithm. This method uses the perception dictionaries, and combines the Basis-Pursuit algorithm and the Total-Variation regularization scheme to extract the cartoon part containing basic geometrical information from the original image, and is stable and unsusceptible to noise interference. Then a smaller number of the distinctive key points will be obtained by using the SIFT algorithm based on the cartoon part of the original image. Matching the key points by the constrained Euclidean distance, we will obtain a more correct and robust matching result. The experimental results show that the geometrical transform parameters inferred by the matched key points based on MCA+SIFT registration method are more exact than the ones based on the direct SIFT algorithm.     

应用于换道预警的驾驶风格分类方法

针对不同驾驶风格驾驶人对换道预警需求存在差异的问题,采用视觉传感器、 雷达传感器、GPS、车辆 CAN 总线数据采集系统,基于小型乘用车搭建了实际道路驾驶行 为试验车.通过对多名驾驶人进行实际道路自然驾驶试验,选用跟车时距、换道时距、超速 频次、换道过程最大方向盘转角等参数,采用模糊评价法建立了驾驶风格离线分类模型, 实现了将驾驶人分类为冒进型、比较冒进型、比较谨慎型、谨慎型四类.采用换道安全性相 关参数对模型进行验证. 结果表明,随着驾驶人谨慎程度的增加,换道安全性评价参数更 倾向于安全,驾驶风格分类模型与实际换道安全性评价参数之间呈现良好的一致性.     

Stereo Matching of Planar Curves Composed of Time Stamped Points

IntroductionMatching features such as points,lines,curvesegments,etc.in stereo images is a key step forscene reconstruction.The curve matching techniquesfor spatial curve segments and planar curve segmentshave been presented.Alibhai and Zucker[1]described…     

Hierarchical Non-linear Image Registration Integrating Deformable Segmentation

IntroductionSegmentation and registration are two impor-tant problems in the field of medical image analy-sis. Traditionally, solutions have been developedfor each of these two problems in relative isolationfrom the other, but with increasing dependence onthe existence of a solution for the other. For exam-ple, model-based segmentation methods[1,2]need toregister individual data sets to a common frame ofreference, so that statistics about the models canbe gathered to guide the evolution of the…     

基于Dijkstra算法的物流配送系统最短路径程序设计

两点之间的最短路径算法是物流配送系统涉及的最基本算法。基于Dijkstra算法的基本原理，提出一种物流配送系统最短路径设计，包括配送路线图的数据输入模块、配送路线图的主体模块，最终得出输出结果，获得任意多个结点之间的最佳路径，从而能有效提高配送效率．降低配送成本。     

基于改进响应面法的结构模型修正研究

提出采用响应面法进行有限元模型修正.该方法根据方差分析或先验信息进行设计参数筛选,以显式的响应面模型逼近目标函数与设计参数之间复杂的隐式函数关系,通过响应面自身特性进行迭代修正.在此基础上,根据样本点对目标函数贡献的差异性提出通过加权来构造改进的二次响应面,改进后的响应面可以更快地迭代收敛,计算量小,可推广至非线性等复杂模型,某算例验证该方法的有效性.     

公路选线生态适宜性评价体系构建及应用——以福建省东山环岛生态路选线为例

以福建省东山环岛生态路建设中公路选线为例,选取5个指标作为区域公路用地适宜性评价指标,选取11个指标作为生态敏感性评价指标,并对指标进行归一化处理和权重计算,在此基础上通过GIS系统建模得出公路用地适宜性评价结果及生态敏感性评价结果,最终对东山环岛路选线进行生态适宜性评价并得出最佳生态选线.     

关于船舶抵押权登记若干问题的思考

本文结舍海商法、船舶登记条例对船舶抵押权的概念、意义、特征进行了阐述,并就如何进行船舶抵押权登记及应注意的问题进行了浅析,对船舶抵押登记将起到一定的指导作用.