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速度、加速度和车辆比功率(VSP)等表征驾驶特性的参数与车辆实际驾驶时的瞬时排放有着很高的相关性。为探究驾驶特性对国六轻型汽油车氮氧化物(NOx)瞬时排放的影响,在正常驾驶和激烈驾驶2种驾驶风格下使用便携式排放测试系统(PEMS)进行了实际驾驶排放测试(RDE)。通过数据处理和建立RDE数据集,研究了不同驾驶风格下的车辆速度和加速度分布,以及两者对国六轻型汽油车NOx瞬时排放量的耦合影响。此外,为探究VSP与NOx瞬时排放量的关系,引入高斯曲线进行了散点拟合。结果表明:测试车辆的高NOx瞬时排放量主要集中在0~2 m/s2的正加速度区域,在激烈驾驶时排放量更大;激烈驾驶在VSP0~25 kW/t时都有高NOx瞬时排放量,高排放的VSP范围是正常驾驶的1.5倍。 相似文献
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选取3辆国Ⅵ轻型汽油车和 3辆轻型纯电动汽车在全球统一轻型车辆测试循环 (World Light Vehicle Test Cycle,WLTC)、中国乘用车行驶工况 (China Light-Duty Vehicle Test Cycle-Passenger,CLTC-P) 及实际道路工况下进行能耗试验,将电耗折算为电力生产端的 CO2排放量,研究了两类车辆在不同测试工况下,车速、加速度、车辆瞬时比功率(Vehicle Specific Power,VSP)、行程动力学参数v.apos和相对正加速度 (Relative Positive Acceleration,RPA) 对CO2排放的影响及两类车辆 CO2排放特性的异同点。结果表明,两类车辆 CO2排放因子均随车速的升高先下降后上升;汽油车CO2排放因子在≥30 km/h的车速区间随加速度增大波动较小,0~30 km/h低速段均有很高的值,且在>1 m/s2的低速急加速区间取得最大值,低速段平均CO2排放因子达到纯电动汽车的2.06~2.2倍;纯电动汽车CO2排放因子在减速区间维持稳定低值,匀速及加速区间随加速度增大急剧上升;汽油车CO2排放率随VSP增大先下降后上升,纯电动汽车CO2排放
率只在VSP>0时随VSP的增大呈近似线性增长,且在VSP>20的高速急加速区间反超汽油车;v.apos和RPA与两类车辆在各行驶路段的CO2排放因子具有强正相关性。 相似文献
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基于PEMS技术的重型柴油客车排放实测与IVE模型预测对比分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用先进的尾气检测技术(PEMS)收集了重型柴油客车的逐秒排放数据,并分析了CO、HC、NOx、PM等排放物与机动车比功率(VSP)的关系,发现当VSP值小于O时,各污染物排放速率较小;当VSP值大于O时,随VSP值增大而显著提高.在此基础上,利用IVE模型对重型柴油客车的整体排放以及不同速度下排放进行预测,并将结果与实测值、国Ⅱ标准进行了对比分析.结果表明,车辆在低速行驶时污染物排放较为严重,进入中高速行驶状态后排放明显下降;相比拥堵多发的路段,IVE模型更适用于预测运行较为通畅的路段上的污染物排放. 相似文献
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利用车载排放测试设备对某柴油乘用车进行了上海市典型道路的车载排放测试,分析了车辆在各典型道路上的行驶特征及车辆的THC、CO、NO x、CO2排放特性。结果表明,该柴油乘用车实际道路行驶工况具有平均车速度低、加(减)速度时间比大等特点,其加速(减)速的行驶时间和行驶里程分别占整个行驶时间的63.6%和行驶里程的83.2%;THC、CO、NO x、CO2排放率随车辆行驶速度、加速度的增加而增大,当车速超过90 km/h时,NO x和CO2的单位时间排放率急剧增加。 相似文献
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Han-Shue Tan Benedicte Bougler Wei-Bin Zhang 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2002,37(5):315-338
Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) is an effective alternative for providing rail-like corridor transit service. An advanced BRT concept involves the use of automated buses to provide functions of a rail transit system. A vehicle under automatic steering control following a prescribed trajectory is operated like a train on a rail. A lateral position sensing that uses roadway markers, such as magnetic markers embedded under the roadway, as lateral reference is one of the promising approaches for a reliable sensing system. The BRT concept requires the steering control system to consistently perform all necessary steering functions from high speed driving to low speed precision docking. This paper describes a single steering controller that achieves all performance objectives. Various data collected during several public demonstrations are presented in this paper to illustrate the effectiveness of the approach. These data include the following automatic steering control scenarios: over 100 mph high-speed driving, high-g maneuvers, sharp curve following, and low speed precision docking. 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(5):315-338
Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) is an effective alternative for providing rail-like corridor transit service. An advanced BRT concept involves the use of automated buses to provide functions of a rail transit system. A vehicle under automatic steering control following a prescribed trajectory is operated like a train on a rail. A lateral position sensing that uses roadway markers, such as magnetic markers embedded under the roadway, as lateral reference is one of the promising approaches for a reliable sensing system. The BRT concept requires the steering control system to consistently perform all necessary steering functions from high speed driving to low speed precision docking. This paper describes a single steering controller that achieves all performance objectives. Various data collected during several public demonstrations are presented in this paper to illustrate the effectiveness of the approach. These data include the following automatic steering control scenarios: over 100 mph high-speed driving, high-g maneuvers, sharp curve following, and low speed precision docking. 相似文献
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论柴油车自由加速烟度排放 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
简述了世界上一些柴油车自由加速烟度排放法规:通过大量的试验研究,明确了柴油车自由加速烟度的排放机理,指出自由加速烟度排放的大小并不能真实反映柴油车实际行驶烟度的排放状况,因而自由加速烟度排放法规对改善柴油车实际行驶烟度排放的作用是非常有限的。 相似文献
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为了使用户在数据资源匮乏的情况下,能够快速针对模型关键参数进行数据收集,文中在对MOVES模型进行参数本土化修正的基础上,引用经济学常用的敏感度系数(SAF)评价指标概念,通过定义的 SA F等级,进行了MOVES中速度、气象等参数对深圳市常见车型排放因子的影响程度分析。研究表明,当速度小于20 km/h时,各种污染物的 SA F在1~6之间变化,属于敏感参数;车龄为0~3年的新车其污染物的 SA F>1,各车型劣化较快;硫含量对各车型SO2排放因子的 SA F≥1,属于敏感参数,雷氏蒸汽压只对私家车的CO排放有影响;温度对柴油车型的T HC ,CO和PM2.5的 SA F≤0.1,属于不敏感参数,湿度对于中重型车、社会中大巴、公交车的 THC ,CO ,PM2.5排放因子的SA F≤0.1,属于不敏感参数。各参数针对不同车型的不同污染物,表现出不同的敏感性。 相似文献
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常规公交和社会车辆混行将在我国城市中长期存在,因此分析常规公交停靠对交通流的影响很有必要。该文讨论了公交车停靠对交通流的影响,提出了在低密度和高密度两种情形下不同的交通流延误模型,结果可用于量化公交车在车站停靠对其他车辆的影响程度。 相似文献
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J. H. Kwak H. S. Kim J. H. Lee S. H. Lee 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2014,15(4):543-551
We designed and applied a mobile emission laboratory for on-road measurements of exhaust particles emitted from conventional diesel, compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and dimethyl ether (DME)-fueled vehicles. Fuel type and vehicle driving conditions significantly affected the particle size distribution and the number concentrations of the nucleation mode. For all buses, the size distributions of particles in the exhaust under idling conditions had larger mode diameters than at constant speed conditions of 50 km/h or 80 km/h. The nucleation mode (< 50 nm) fraction of diesel, CNG, LPG, and DME at a constant speed of 50 km/h was 53%, 63%, 79%, and 99%, respectively, indicating that the DME-fueled bus emitted the most nanoparticles. As the vehicle speed increased from 50 km/h to 80 km/h, the nucleation mode fraction of diesel, CNG, LPG, and DME changed to 43%, 99%, 99%, and 99%, representing a significant increase in the number concentrations of nanoparticles in the CNG and LPG-fueled vehicles. The particle size distributions in the exhaust of diesel, CNG, LPG, and DME-fueled vehicles were not affected by increase in the chasing distance. 相似文献
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选择两台涡轮增压柴油机,一台在发动机试验台上进行ECE R-49试验,另一台4缸、直喷共轨、2 L排量的柴油机装车在汽车底盘测功器上进行NEDC试验,研究了含S量对柴油机PM排放的影响。结果表明,柴油中的含S量对柴油机PM排放有很大影响,减少柴油含S量能直接降低柴油机的PM排放。 相似文献
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"卡车运货量大,并且路途遥远,大多数时间在高速公路上行驶,因此卡车对润滑油的品质要求较高。"从事运输业已经有七八个年头的李师傅说:"一般一趟运输跑下来,经常会从温暖的南方跑到寒冷的北方,我最怕跑南方,因为南方水气重,常常会遇到雨雪天气,非常危险。"考验卡车驾驶员的不仅有多变的外部气候环境,还有卡车自身的油压环境,而且自从更高要求的国Ⅲ标准出台 相似文献