新型混凝土单元块D型软体排结构计算及稳定性分析

针对长江中下游航道整治水下沉排工程中软体排结构的不足,提出一种新型混凝土单元块D型软体排结构,建立悬链线模型,分析排体的受力特点,计算排体的抗倾、抗滑和抗漂浮稳定性,并对比分析排体对地形的适应性。结果表明,新型混凝土单元块D型软体排结构明显提高了水下沉排的安全性和对复杂地形的适应性,为复杂条件下的水下沉排工程提供理论支撑。     

砂肋软体排与混凝土压载块软体排的比较

系接压载软体排由排垫和压载体组成,软体排能够适应河床的变化,又能维持稳定。软体排充分保护护底范围内的底部不被水流冲刷,排体在水流的作用下能够保持自身的稳定;即使在余排外底砂发生一定的冲刷作用下,余排也能够适应地形的变化,防止河床掏空,被广泛地应用于护滩,护底工程中。本文通过几个工程实例分析砂肋软体排及混凝土压载块软体排的的优缺点及应用范围,为以后软体排的形式选择提供了借鉴。     

混凝土联锁块软体排压载块抗水流掀动稳定性研究

本文就混凝土联锁块软体排结构稳定性问题展开分析,通过对压载稳定性物理试验模块的开展进行波流、水流等外部环境影响下的失稳模式的深入探讨,得出相关的临界失稳限制条件。下文通过对混凝土联锁块软体排工程的理论研究及结构分析,进行软体排压载失稳性质、失稳原因等的深入探讨,并通过对力学平衡规律的分析,进行了压载稳定性公式的推导,完成对公式、参数物模、数模等的验证,得出对压载失稳性质、失稳原因分析的结论。     

大面积干滩守护工程的应急技术现状与进展探讨

由于以土工织物和压载物组成的系结压载体软体排的整体性强、柔韧性好、紧贴河床、抗冲击性能好、使用年限长,在长江航道应急处理与航道整治工程中得到了越来越多的应用。同时在枯水季节充分利用低水位,抢修开展干滩防护,控制冲刷、稳定航道的环节中,压载体软体排工艺得以不断改进。本文系统分析了岸滩主动防护、被动守护工程技术的发展历程和研究现状,重点阐述了单元排、D型排、X型排、钢丝网格、铺石、抛石、透水框架、仿沙波排、透水结构等工艺及其综合应用工艺在干滩守护工程中的应用进展和重要突破,并结合我国干滩守护工程技术研究进展与应用实践总结了软体排技术的未来发展方向。同时,在各类干滩守护工程技术施工应用时,可能引发溢油、化学品泄漏等环境风险事故,需增加"生态航道"建设理念、加强环境风险应急体系建设、强化生态修复等方面的研究。     

长江口岸直水道鳗鱼沙心滩头部守护工程局部冲刷水槽概化试验研究———I.水槽概化与护滩建筑物模拟设计

为维持长江口岸直水道下段目前较为有利的滩槽格局和较好的航道条件,在口岸直水道的鳗鱼沙心滩头部进行护滩守护工程,需要研究守护工程周边的最大冲刷深度,以确定边缘压石宽度与重点防护部位,给设计提供技术依据。在分析口岸直水道水流运动特性与泥沙组成特点的基础上,进行了概化水槽的模型设计,提出了采用"流带法"确定水槽边界,确定了最强水流动力、每年可能出现的最大流量、经常出现的流量等试验水力条件。对砂肋软体排、混凝土联锁块软体排、D型系混凝土块排,以及抛石压载等护滩建筑物的模拟进行了设计,为护滩带周边局部冲刷变形试验奠定了基础。     

长江中游杨林岩水道护滩软体排结构改进措施

对目前在长江中下游航道整治护滩工程中广泛采用的系结混凝土块软体排护滩带的运行情况进行调查分析,结合杨林岩水道航道整治工程对顺直分汊河段江心洲的守护,对护滩软体排结构进行改进,提出了分区加固的设计原则,采用X型排、单元排、钢丝石笼护垫的不同组合结构,有效解决了滩面抗冲性要求不一致的结构选型问题。工程实践表明,该结构适应水流冲刷特点,结合透水框架的使用,整治建筑物稳定性大幅提高。     

浅议新型D型联锁块软体排施工工艺

本文在对比分析、实践研究的基础上,通过改进D型系结块软体排及混凝土联锁块软体排施工结构形式,创新设计出了新型D型联锁块软体排结构,并配套形成了一整套完整的施工工法。该工法较传统软体排结构形式在施工质量、进度、安全、成本等各方面均有了有效改进,具有显著的经济社会效益。     

混凝土联锁块软体排压载块抗水流掀动稳定性研究

通过稳定性物模、Fluent二维数模、受力测试等手段,研究和分析纯流条件下4种常用混凝土联锁块护底软体排压载块的稳定性、失稳过程、失稳临界流速,以及水深和压载部位(排边缘、搭接处、中间部位)等因素对压载块稳定性的影响。根据研究结果对现行规范公式提出了水深、结构尺寸及压载部位等因素的修正。在此基础上,提出了3种新型压载块结构形式,并与常用压载块进行了比较。结果表明,3种新型压载块稳定性均好于现用的4种压载块。     

单向格栅软体排顺水沉排受力特性研究

单向格栅软体排是一种以单向格栅为受力构件,自下而上由反滤土工布、单向格栅和混凝土压载块3部分组成的新型软体排结构。以长江中下游护底工程为应用场景,利用有限元法模拟单向格栅软体排在顺水沉排施工条件下的受力特性,发现随着相对移船位移、水深、水流流速和压载质量的增大,单向格栅软体排体的最大应力逐渐增大;随着水流方向与沉排方向夹角的增大,单向格栅软体排所承受的最大应力逐渐减小。在各种顺水沉排条件下,铺排船翻板下端处的单向格栅软体排受力最明显,且软体排承受的最大应力位于翻板下端的软体排宽度方向上距离两侧边缘约1 m的位置,软体排中间部位受力较小。结果表明：单向格栅软体排所承受的最大应力远低于其抗拉强度,该新型软体排结构在长江中下游护底工程中具有较好的适应性,相对于传统的加筋软体排,单向格栅软体排可减少20%以上的排布成本。     

强潮河口丁坝坝头砂肋软体排护底稳定性试验研究

通过对土工织物软体排护底应用情况以及钱塘江河口潮流特征的分析,认为丁坝坝头砂肋软体排铺设后的稳定性好坏是护底成败的关键。利用长35m、宽4.3m的水槽,对砂肋软体排在不同压载厚度条件下进行不同行近流速、不同坝长、不同水深的多组次室内试验研究,得到砂肋软体排的稳定性主要与压载的块石层厚度有关,铺设在丁坝坝头的砂肋软体排临界块石压载稳定厚度与行近流速、丁坝长度以及水深等因子有关,采用相关因子多元回归分析得到丁坝坝头砂肋软体排临界稳定的压载厚度经验公式,可指导现场施工实践。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.