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传统船舶和远洋作业平台采用锚泊的定位方式,这种定位方式的稳定性和精度都比较差,难以进行远洋和深海的精确作业。船舶的动力定位技术是利用船舶的推进器和船舶动力控制器等设备,产生具有一定方向和大小的推进作用力和力矩,抵消来自海风、海浪等干扰因素的作用力和力矩,使船舶能够稳定的定位于需要的位置。本文的主要对象是船舶动力定位系统的控制器,系统介绍了T-S模糊控制理论,并基于该控制理论对船舶动力定位系统的控制器进行了优化设计。 相似文献
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深海采矿是一种高科技且高难度的深水、超深水采矿技术,以往的研究成果中对采矿船动力定位过程与立管及设备耦合分析尚不充分.该文采用势流理论分析采矿船水动力性能,采用集中质量法与Morison方程对立管与中继舱进行动力学建模.船舶动力定位系统采用PID控制器结合Kalman滤波进行建模,同时模拟了推力分配单元,充分计及动力定位对耦合运动系统的影响,完成采矿船动力定位过程中的深海采矿系统时域耦合数值分析;计算获得指定海况下的采矿船、中继舱的运动状态,立管的张力以及推进器推力等信息;分析了动态模拟中动力定位的影响.仿真过程对于深海采矿设计分析具有参考价值. 相似文献
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针对船舶动力定位系统模型受到风浪流等环境未知有界扰动的问题,提出一种基于干扰估计补偿的反步控制算法。首先基于滑模面有限时间收敛特点设计干扰观测器,在有限时间内实现对未知有界干扰的估计,并采用一阶低通滤波器连续化干扰观测器估计值,减少抖振;然后基于干扰观测器设计船舶动力定位反步控制器,并应用Lyapunov函数证明了所设计的控制器使船舶的位置和航向收敛于期望值。最后通过铺缆船仿真结果表明所设计控制器具有较好的控制性能,对系统的有界干扰具有良好的鲁棒性。 相似文献
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对带有电流变液智能阻尼器的半主动双层浮筏隔振系统设计了一种模糊PID控制器.将半主动浮筏隔振系统中间质量的位移及其导数作为模糊控制器的输入,PID控制器的三个增益参数作为其输出,利用电流变液智能阻尼器的阻尼力可随电压变化的特性来降低中间质量的振动.仿真分析了多种激励下浮筏隔振系统的输出力响应.仿真结果表明:与最优被动阻尼和电流变液阻尼器最大阻尼系统相比,模糊PID控制下的半主动浮筏隔振系统的减振效果最好. 相似文献
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浮式生产储卸油系统(FPSO)是一种经济有效的浮式平台方案,特别是在缺乏足够的输油管道系统的深海领域.大多数FPSO是永久系泊的,即整个系统能够抵抗工作海域内的各种极值环境条件.目前,能够将FPSO与其系泊及立管系统快速解脱的装置已经设计并发展了.可解脱式FPSO的主要特点是可解脱性,并能避免一定的环境条件,如冰山,美国摩西哥湾的飓风,中国南海的台风.本文将针对深水海域可解脱式FPSO,提出其主要技术和工程分析与设计思路,评估可解脱式FPSO与永久式FPSO的优缺点,等等.可见町解脱式FPSO与永久式FPSO都是十分有效的浮式系统,并根据平台设计的安全性、技术、成本和运行要求,来决定选择何种系泊方式. 相似文献
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Guoyuan Li Wei Li Hans Petter Hildre Houxiang Zhang 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2016,21(2):251-260
This paper presents an adaptive neural network (NN) controller for fine trajectory tracking of surface vessels with uncertain environmental disturbances. Regarding to the new demands for fine trajectory tracking, especially to the requirement of high-accuracy tracking in limited working space, the proposed NN controller is designed to contain a tracking error control component and a velocity error control component, aiming to converge both types of error to zero, separately. It utilizes radial basis functions to approximate a vessel’s unknown nonlinear dynamics. Therefore, there is no need of any explicit knowledge of the vessel. The online learning ability is obtained during the stability analysis using the backstepping technique and the Lyapunov theory. Theoretical results guarantee both the convergence of tracking error and velocity error and the boundedness of NN update. Through simulation and tracking performance study based on the CyberShip II model, the proposed controller is verified effective in fine trajectory tracking. 相似文献
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基于ADRC的船舶主机控制器设计与仿真研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
船舶主机速度控制系统由于具有典型的非线性和不确定性特性,并受到调速器执行能力的约束以及风、浪、流等的干扰,使得主机速度控制器的设计非常困难。该文给出了带有船舶主机速度控制非线性数学模型以及海浪扰动数学模型,对自抗扰控制(ADRC)原理进行了简要介绍;设计了船舶主机ADRC控制器。仿真结果表明:该控制器对于船舶主机的非线性、参数不确定性、环境不确定性以及控制对象的模型变化均有较强的鲁棒性;速度切换控制过程快速、平滑,油门调整小,可以实现高精度的速度控制。 相似文献
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针对长年累月定位在深海恶劣海况下的浮式生产储卸油装置(Floating Production Storage and Offloading vessels,FPSOs)的作业安全问题,本文提出了一种基于缆线结构性的锚泊辅助动力定位滑模控制方法。通过引入结构可靠性因子,表征锚泊系统缆线的安全,在此基础上设计一种新型滑模控制器,通过控制结构可靠性因子和艏向以达到FPSO锚泊辅助定位目的,并证明了系统的稳定性。通过一系列的仿真实验,证明了所提出的基于结构可靠性滑模控制器的有效性、安全性和节能性。 相似文献
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浮式海上风力机运动性能和锚泊系统(英文) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The development of offshore wind farms was originally carried out in shallow water areas with fixed(seabed mounted) structures.However,countries with limited shallow water areas require innovative floating platforms to deploy wind turbines offshore in order to harness wind energy to generate electricity in deep seas.The performances of motion and mooring system dynamics are vital to designing a cost effective and durable floating platform.This paper describes a numerical model to simulate dynamic behavior of a new semi-submersible type floating offshore wind turbine(FOWT) system.The wind turbine was modeled as a wind block with a certain thrust coefficient,and the hydrodynamics and mooring system dynamics of the platform were calculated by SESAM software.The effect of change in environmental conditions on the dynamic response of the system under wave and wind loading was examined.The results indicate that the semi-submersible concept has excellent performance and SESAM could be an effective tool for floating wind turbine design and analysis. 相似文献
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[目的]针对无人艇(USV)的模型不确定性和未知海洋环境扰动,提出一种基于扩张状态观测器(ESO)的双桨推进无人艇抗干扰目标跟踪控制算法。[方法]在运动学层级,设计基于平行接近制导原理的目标跟踪制导律;在动力学层级,针对模型不确定性和未知环境扰动,设计基于ESO的纵荡速度和艏摇角速度自抗扰控制律,以减小模型不确定性和环境扰动的影响;最后,通过输入状态稳定性定理和级联定理分析所提控制器的稳定性。[结果]实验结果表明,基于所提的自抗扰目标跟踪控制方法能使跟踪船有效地跟踪虚拟目标点。[结论]研究成果可为无人艇在环境扰动下的目标跟踪提供参考。 相似文献
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Various types of floating solar photovoltaic (FPV) devices have been previously proposed, designed and constructed with applications primarily limited to onshore water bodies or near-shore regions with benign environmental conditions. This paper proposes a novel FPV concept which can survive harsh environmental conditions with extreme wave heights above 10 m. This concept uses standardised lightweight semi-submersible floats made of circular materials as individual modules. The floating modules are soft connected with ropes to form an FPV array. We first present the conceptual design of the floats and the connection systems, including hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, and structural assessments of the floats. To verify the motion response performance, we carried out 1:60 scaled model tests for a 2 by 3 array under regular and irregular wave conditions. From the time series and response spectra, the motion characteristics of the array and the mooring responses are analysed in detail. The proposed concept exhibits excellent performances in terms of modular motions with limited wave overtopping and no contact is observed between adjacent modules under the extreme wave conditions. The findings of this study can serve as a valuable reference to developing reliable and cost-effective FPV technologies for offshore conditions. 相似文献
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A dynamic model of a remotely operated vehicle(ROV) is developed. The hydrodynamic damping coefficients are estimated using a semi-predictive approach and computational fluid dynamic software ANSYS-CFX~(?) and WAMIT~(?). A sliding-mode controller(SMC) is then designed for the ROV model. The controller is subsequently robustified against modeling uncertainties,disturbances, and measurement errors. It is shown that when the system is subjected to bounded uncertainties, the SMC will preserve stability and tracking response. The paper ends with simulation results for a variety of conditions such as disturbances and parametric uncertainties. 相似文献