MEDICAL IMAGE SEGMENTATION BASED ON A MODIFIED LEVEL SET ALGORITHM

Imagesegmentationplaysanimportantrolein imageanalysisaswellasinhigh levelimageinter pretationandunderstandingsuchasrobotvision, objectrecognition,andmedicalimaging.Numerous segmentationmethodshavebeendeveloped.How ever,medicalimagesareoftencorruptedbyno…     

IMAGE SEGMENTATION BASED ON MARKOV RANDOM FIELD AND WATERSHED TECHNIQUES

IntroductionThere are many methods to perform imagesegmentation and edge detection tasks that incor-porate region- growing and edge detection tech-niques,for example,it is applying edge detectiontechniques to obtain Difference In Strength( DIS)map then employ region growing techniques towork on the map as in Refs.[1 ,2 ]. In the others,combining both special and intensity information inimage segmentation approach based on multi- reso-lution edge detection,region selection and intensi-ty thre…     

IMAGE ANALYSIS BASED ON EDGE DETECTION TECHNIQUES

IntroductionEdges are pixels where brightness changesabruptly and often used in image analysis for find-ing region boundaries.It locates sharp changes inthe intensity function.Edges detection is basic im-age features.They carry useful information aboutobject boundaries.Edges can be used for object i-dentification,image analysis and image filteringapplications as well.We shall consider as an edgethe border between two homogeneous image re-gions having different illumination.This definitionimp…     

融合边缘检测与区域生长的交通图像分割方法

在交通监控中,如何从复杂的背景中分割运动物体是至关重要的一步,针对车辆的运动阴影对图像分割产生的不利影响,提出了一种新的融合边缘检测与区域生长的彩色图像分割算法,算法同时考虑了图像的彩色信息和空间信息.该算法首先对彩色图像边缘检测,并根据检测结果设置种子像素;再基于颜色相似性生长准则,结合边缘检测结果,对每个种子点进行区域生长;最后,利用区域合并算法对剩余的像素进行合并.实验结果表明该算法很大程度上克服了阴影给图像分割带来的不利影响.     

基于球面图像的三角网格模型分割

为了从局部形状的角度实现对三角网格模型的管理和重用,提出了一种基于球面图像的三角网格模型分割方法.通过球面参数化及球面划分,将三角网格模型的表面属性信息映射到球面图像中;利用成熟的区域生长、区域合并图像分割算法对球面图像进行分割;将球面图像的分割结果转换为三角网格模型的分割结果.实验结果表明:该分割方法可以对不均匀的低分辨率三角网格模型进行有效分割,降低了几何属性估算对分割结果的影响,不会发生过分割现象,不需要进行分割的后续处理.     

基于Kittler最小误差分割算法的小视场星图分割

小视场星图易受光照不均和噪声影响，常用阈值分割算法存在处理效果不佳或效率较低的不足. 针对星图灰度的高斯分布特征，基于贝叶斯最小误差理论，提出利用Kittler最小误差分割算法处理小视场星图. 以视频测量机器人为测量平台，以 "优度法"、区域一致性、区域对比度和时间复杂度为评价指标，对比了常用的阈值分割算法和一维最大熵法，验证了Kittler算法在确保星图良好分割的同时，星图处理效率可以提高70%左右. 基于半仿真星图和真实星图的室内试验表明，Kittler算法可以准确提取星点质心坐标，水平和垂直方向均方根误差分别为0.025像素和0.019像素；采用该算法的野外天文定位实测表明，经纬度内符合平均精度分别优于0.015 s和0.22″，外符合精度分别优于0.025 s和0.35″，可以满足一等天文测量的精度要求.      

一种基于遗传算法的最优阈值图像分割算法

为了提高图像分割效率,提出一种基于遗传算法的最优阈值搜索方法OTSGA.OTSGA算法对图像的灰度级进行二进制编码,生成初始种群,求出每个个体的二维最大熵,然后根据设定的寻优准则进行相应的遗传操作以搜索阈值最优解.为了避免在求解过程中出现早熟现象,OTSGA算法将交叉操作得到的个体群与上一代种群混合,得到新的种群进行遗传操作,避免了个别个体在遗传运算的最初迭代时就在种群中占据主导地位,导致求解过程的过早收敛.实验结果表明,OTSGA最优阈值搜索方法不仅降低了运算开销,而且获得了满意的图像分割效果.     

Image series segmentation and improved MC algorithm

A semiautomatic segmentation method based on active contour is proposed for computed tomography （CT） image series. First, to get initial contour, one image slice was segmented exactly by C-V method based on Mumford-Shah model. Next, the computer will segment the nearby slice automatically using the snake model one by one. During segmenting of image slices, former slice boundary, as next slice initial contour, may cross over next slice real boundary and never return to right position. To avoid contour skipping over, the distance variance between two slices is evaluated by an threshold, which decides whether to initiate again. Moreover, a new improved marching cubes （MC） algorithm based on 2D images series segmentation boundary is given for 3D image reconstruction. Compared with the standard method, the proposed algorithm reduces detecting time and needs less storing memory. The effectiveness and capabilities of the algorithm were illustrated by ,experimental results.     

基于多层前馈神经网络的车牌提取方法

文中提出一种采用三层前馈神经网络提取车牌的方法。该方法是一种基于纹理分析的图像分割算法,适合于彩色及灰度图像。实验表明,该方法能准确地提取图像中的车牌。     

FULLY AUTOMATIC FRAMEWORK FOR SEGMENTATION OF BRAIN MRI IMAGE

Automaticbraintissuesegmentationfrommag neticresonanceimages(MRI)isofgreatimportance forresearchandclinicalstudyofmuchneurological pathology.Duringthepastdecade,theMRIhashad agreatimpactonthediagnosticimagingofmosthu manorgansystem.Thesegmentationofbrai…     

基于平均明暗熵差的人脸增强算法

针对人类视觉对图像亮度的响应特征,提出了一种使用粒子群优化方法对图像灰度的非线性转换函数参数进行优化,用以使图像的平均明暗信息熵之差的绝对值最小,从而使图像的明暗灰度分布更加均匀的人脸增强算法.实验结果表明,该方法在增强图像的基础上能有效地提高图像在高灰度区域的视觉效果,对图像在高灰度区对比度有所损失的现象进行弥补,同时也能有效地提高整幅图像的视觉层次.     

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脉冲耦合神经网络（PCNN）具有良好的图像分割特性,但神经网络参数的选取对分割效果有较大影响,如何自适应地选择网络参数是脉冲耦合神经网络应用研究的重要内容.本文首次从脉冲耦合神经网络的耦合特性出发,结合神经计算原理及图像局部区域的灰度特性,提出了脉冲耦合神经网络耦合参数的优化算法.首先利用Hebb学习规则对脉冲耦合神经网络模型的链接权值矩阵进行更新,然后利用图像局部区域的均方差自适应确定神经元链接强度系数,最后将优化的PCNN模型应用于运动车辆图像分割.通过耦合参数的优化,增强了神经元之间的耦合强度,与传统PCNN的车辆分割结果相比,较好地避免了过分割和欠分割现象,提高了运动车辆图像中车牌区域的分割质量,为后续车辆特征的提取奠定了良好的基础.     

基于序列图像运动分割的车辆边界轮廓提取算法

为了准确获得图像感兴趣区中运动车辆的形状特征,提出了一种新的车辆边界轮廓提取算法.利用连续3帧图像,对包含同一运动车辆的图像感兴趣区进行光流场分割,以获取目标运动区域,通过平移运动区域的左、右边界获得正确的车辆区域及其封闭边界轮廓,通过放大运动矢量计算公式的阈值来提高其运行效率.试验结果表明:该算法可从具有复杂自然场景的图像序列中检测出完整的运动车辆边界轮廓,检测正确率在95%以上.     

A Bintree Energy Approach for Colour Image Segmentation Using Adaptive Channel Selection

A new hierarchical approach called bintree energy segmentation was presented for color image seg-mentation. The image features are extracted by adaptive clustering on multi-channel data at each level and used as the criteria to dynamically select the best chromatic channel, where the segmentation is carried out. In this approach, an extended direct energy computation method based on the Chan-Vese model was proposed to segment the selected channel, and the segmentation outputs are then fused with other channels into new images,from which a new channel with better features is selected for the second round segmentation. This procedure is repeated until the preset condition is met. Finally, a binary segmentation tree is formed, in which each leaf represents a class of objects with a distinctive color. To facilitate the data organization, image background is employed in segmentation and channels fusion. The bintree energy segmentation exploits color information involved in all channels data and tries to optimize the global segmentation result by choosing the "best" chan-nel for segmentation at each level. The experiments show that the method is effective in speed, accuracy and flexibility.     

基于灰度共生矩阵和单尺度MRF的纹理图像分割

为改善纹理图像分割效果,提出一种基于灰度共生矩阵和单尺度MRF的纹理图像分割方法．这种方法考虑到纹理信息在空间内的结构特征以及一个像素与周围像素作用的特性关系,采用灰度共生矩阵的几个二次统计量作为纹理特征向量,利用K-means聚类获得起始分割,然后联合建立MRF的特征场与标号场模型．实验表明,此方法提高了分割准确度与一致性．     

Unsupervised color-texture image segmentation

The measure J in J value segmentation （JSEG） fails to represent the discontinuity of color, which degrades the robustness and discrimination of JSEG. An improved approach for JSEG algorithm was proposed for unsupervised color-texture image segmentation. The texture and photometric invariant edge information were combined, which results in a discriminative measure for color-texture homogeneity. Based on the image whose pixel values are values of the new measure, region growing-merging algorithm used in JSEG was then employed to segment the image. Finally, experiments on a variety of real color images demonstrate performance improvement due to the proposed method.     

基于DenseNet结构的轨道暗光环境实时增强算法

车载视觉系统是未来城市轨道交通安全运行的重要保障，列车在封闭环境或夜间运行时所处的弱光照环境会严重影响车载视觉系统的检测效果. 为此，提出了一种针对铁路封闭环境或夜间行车环境下低照度图像的实时视觉增强算法. 该算法以密集连接网络（densely connected network，DenseNet）结构为骨干网建立特征尺寸不变网络，提取图像光照、颜色等信息输出光照增强率图，并基于非线性映射函数调整每个像素的光照强度，通过分级结构将低照度输入图像的曝光率由低层到高层不断增强. 建立的深度学习网络模型采用自监督的方式训练网络参数，利用低照度图像自身特征和先验知识构建损失函数，其由曝光损失、色彩恒定损失及光照平滑度损失3个分量组成. 多种场景下的低照度增强实验结果显示:本文算法能够对输入图像曝光值进行自适应，对低曝光以及高曝光区域动态调整曝光率从而改善低照度图像的可视化效果，处理速度能够达到160帧/s，满足实时性处理的要求；通过在低照度增强前后的轨道分割及行人检测算法性能对比实验证明:所提出的算法能够大大提高暗光环境下的视觉检测效果，在RSDS （railroad segmentation dataset）数据集中轨道分割F值提高5%以上，在轨道场景下行人检测误检率及漏检率均有效降低.      

Hierarchical Non-linear Image Registration Integrating Deformable Segmentation

IntroductionSegmentation and registration are two impor-tant problems in the field of medical image analy-sis. Traditionally, solutions have been developedfor each of these two problems in relative isolationfrom the other, but with increasing dependence onthe existence of a solution for the other. For exam-ple, model-based segmentation methods[1,2]need toregister individual data sets to a common frame ofreference, so that statistics about the models canbe gathered to guide the evolution of the…     

沥青混合料CT图像分割技术及其效果分析

在最大类间方差法(OTSU法)的基础上,设计了环状分块方法,用以解决在处理路面芯样CT图像灰度图无明显双峰,目标集料颗粒与沥青胶浆背景分割的技术难题,并着重从图像分割效果方面设计试验,开展了评价研究.结果表明:采用环状分块和OTSU法相结合的改进算法,图像的分割质量明显提高.进一步与最佳阈值法(手动)相比较,采用粗集料...     

基于云模型的模糊边缘检测

基于云模型和模糊集理论。提出了一种新的边缘检测方法．该方法根据图像灰度。借助区域生长算法产生对象云；通过云运算生成边界云并构建模糊隶属带。进而在条件概率和模糊划分熵的基础上。根据最大模糊熵原则确定最优阈值，对图像模糊边界进行提取．试验结果表明。该算法能保留大量低灰度信息。可以获得较好的枪涮特栗．