Establishment of particular methods in casting simulation

Casting simulation tool ADSTEFAN is useful to design casting technology of complicated iron castings. Based on the function of solidification analysis, special methods were taken to carry out the prediction and optimization of shake-out timing for large sized iron castings. It has been proved that these analyses are effective to iron casting production. During the research of cast iron semi-solid process, to predict and control the influence of inclined cooling plate on flow and heat transmission of molten iron, the basis of analysis model has been built in this study. Flow field simulation considering temperature field was carried out for further research and satisfied with the practical production.     

Thermal flow simulation of twin-roll casting magnesium alloy

In order to better understand twin-roll casting process, a 3D finite element method (FEM) simulation was carried out, based on the conditions of the pilot vertical twin-roll caster, to study the thermal flow and solidification behavior in the twin-roll casting process. The simulation results show that non-uniform temperature and velocity distribution near the side dam region are the main reason for causing non-uniform solidification and non-uniform deformation along the cast sheet width. Therefore, it is necessary to preheat the side dams or improve the design of nozzle to compensate the effect of side dams on the casting process. High quality magnesium sheets have been cast after improved the casting devices.     

GE构架的铸造模拟分析及工艺改进

GE构架为机车上的一个关键零件,服役时承受重载和频繁的冲击载荷作用．因而要求该件组织致密,不允许有缩孔,缩松和气孔等缺陷．本文先运用Pro／e软件对GE构架进行实物造型,然后利用MAGMAsoft软件对铸件充型和凝固过程进行模拟,预测铸件可能发生缩孔、缩松缺陷的位置,最后针对模拟结果进行铸造工艺优化改进并进行生产实验．实验结果表明,工艺改进后得到的铸件热节缺陷几乎消失了,缩松或缩孔缺陷也相应地减少．     

铸件凝固过程中温度场的数值模拟

为了掌握铸件凝固过程中温度场的变化规律以提高铸件质量，采用有限元和有限差分相结合的方法离散铸件凝固过程非稳态热传导方程的空间和时间变量，得到了关于金属铸件和铸型温度的代数方程．用二部法模拟铸件与铸模问的耦合，用迭代法求解离散后的代数方程组，并利用变时间步长技术提高计算效率；用热传递系数模拟铸件与铸型间的热传递，铸件冒口及铸型与冒口接触部分节点都当作内部节点，铸型与外界的换热按热对流和热辐射2种方式处理，忽略充型对凝固过程的影响，铸件材料潜热释放采用线性模型．算例结果表明，所用方法能有效地模拟铸件凝固过程中温度场的变化规律．     

Research and Application Prospect of Computer Simulation on Heat Treatment Process

AseriesofgreatProgresseshavebeenachievedintheresearchofheattrCtoelltmathematicalmodelandcomPotersimulationduringrecellttenyears.ThecouPlingbforeentemPerthee-phasetransformation-stressl'-'],threedimensionalnon-linearFEManalysis[#-'],thecalculationofphasetransformationkinetics['-'],theeffectofstressonphasetransformationkineticsl,'-,,],thedealingwithabruPchangedboundnyconditionsl"#],thesimulationonfludfield["l,andotherinveshgationshavecarredout,andtheirachievementshaveProvidedasoundbasisfo…     

A SIMULATIONAL STUDY OF PRECIPITATION KINETICS AND MORPHOLOGY IN NITRIDATION OF ALLOY STEELS

IntroductionPreopationofultrideslikeAIN,Cffe,VN,TNandNbNplmpakeyroleinschceStrengtforngofalloysteelsbynitrdation.TheprocessisbasicallyillternaldridationofallOyscOmPosedofbasematalslikeFeandreactiveelemedslikeAl,UndecolltrOlledenvirondtoprevIttfonnndonofsdsescaleofbasemetalnitrdes,resemblinginternaloxidationofsimilartweofalloys[l].NUmericalmassttansferanalysisofnitridationkineticshasbeenwellestablished['],howeycfthefactthatthcyneglectinforactionofninogeneddride-formingatomsPreventsitfro…     

SCR催化转化器内流场数值模拟与结构改进

利用计算流体动力学(CFD)软件,对结构改进前后的SCR催化转化器内流场进行了三维稳态流动数值模拟,对比分析了改进前后两种不同结构的催化转化器内流动特性。模拟结果显示:结构因素对催化转化器的内流动特性有很大影响,通过结构改进,减小了压力损失,使其内部速度分布和温度分布更加均匀。     

NUMERICAL STUDY ON FLOW DISTRIBUTION IN PLATE-FIN HEAT EXCHANGERS

Inthethermodynamicdesignofplate finheatexchangers,itisgenerallyassumedthattheinletfluidisuniformlydividedamongallthe parallelpassagesinthewholeexchangercore .Inpractice ,however,flowmaldistributionexistspossiblybe causeoftheimproperstructure,imperfectdesign ,andflow passages[1 ] .Forplate finheatexchangers ,theflowmaldistributionnotonlycanresultinanobviousreductioninthemechanicalperformance ,butalsocauseasignificantdeteriorationofthether malperformance .Therefore ,theflowmaldistribu tionhasbec…     

Timed quenching process for large-scale AISI 4140 steel shaft

The mechanical properties of AISI 4140 steel shaft with a diameter larger than 200 mm are difficult to meet the requirements and cracking occurs easily in water quenching, due to insufficient cooling ability of oil quenching. A new technology, named alternately timed quenching (ATQ), using water and air in turn as quenching media instead of oil or polymer aqueous solution, is applied to quench the large-scale AISI 4140 steel shaft. Two ATQ processes are determined with the aid of computer simulation first and the corresponding experiments are carried out consequently. The results show that the proposed technology can significantly reduce the surface cracking tendency and improve the mechanical properties in practical production of such large-scale shaft forgings.     

Computer Aided Simulation on Precision Cold Forging of Universal Joint Cross

IntroductionThefiwtee1emenmethod(FEM)playsanextrmelyimPortantroleintheanalysesofengineeringproblems.ForalongtimethismethodhasmainlybeenaPPliedinthelinearfieldandshownitsgreatpower.HoweveealOtofnonlinearengineeringPrOblemsWhichcanneitherbesimPlyreducedtolinearonesnorrCPresentedbylinearlyanalogywhichshallchnsethePfacticalconditionsrelativelymuch,havechallengedfiniteelementmethod(FEM).RecentymuchProgresshasbeenmadebothinthemathematicalandmechanicaltheoryandthecomPulertechnologysothatevent…     

门式刚架柱滞回性能研究

根据门式刚架楔形H型钢柱失稳时局部和整体相关屈曲的特点,提出能考虑其相关屈曲特征和滞回性能的数值模拟方法.通过8根大宽厚比楔形钢柱的试验结果与数值模拟和理论数值解的比较表明,数值模拟方法是一种研究大宽厚比楔形构件滞回性能的有效方法.选取一组工程常用构件进行往复荷载作用下的数值模拟分析,比较腹板宽厚比的影响,认为此类构件具有一定的延性和耗能性能,证明《门式刚架轻型房屋钢结构技术规程》中的相关规定偏于不安全.     

城市主干道交通信号群系统控制的参数优化设计模式及其模拟系统开发

在引入交叉口信号状态位差概念基础上,提出交通信号系统控制的比例信号相位差设计方案,并在HCM信号延迟计算式的基础上整理出规范化的信号周期及有效绿信号比优化设计模型,从而构成一套完整的城市主干道交通信号群系统控制参数优化设计模式。采用VC^ 程序设计语言编制了具有较好可视性的模拟系统软件,并用此系统软件进行了模拟实验,验证了控制参数优化设计模式的正确性。     

Theoretical Analysis of the Solidification of Aluminum Alloy Billet in Air-Slip DC Mold

Based on the heat transfer analysis of Air-Slip DC mold, a numerical model was presented to study the quantitative relationships between critical solidification layer and casting rate, pouring temperature and mold cooling ability etc. The analytical results show that the Air-Slip mold heat transfer condition plays important roles on choices of a casting rate and the pouring temperature, and that the product of billet diameter and casting rate is a certain constant under a certain condition of the mold.     

剪力连接件的三维非线性仿真分析方法

基于有限元仿真分析技术和混凝土本构理论，提出了有限元仿真分析和实物验证试验相结合研究剪力连接件的新方法，将此方法用于3类共7个子类新型剪力连接件的全过程受力分析，并将有限元分析结果和模型试验结果进行对比，证实了这一方法的有效性和准确性，使得通过有限元仿真分析和实物验证试验相结合研究多种剪力连接件的受力特性成为可能．     

前后多车影响的跟驰模型及稳定性分析

驾驶员在跟车行驶过程中,通常会通过视野前后车辆的行驶状态来调整自己的跟驰行为,基于此本文提出了一种考虑驾驶员视野内双前车和后车对跟驰车辆影响的改进跟驰模型.根据线性稳定分析方法,得到了改进模型的中性稳定性条件,并通过计算机仿真模拟进行了验证.为了进一步加强验证结果及说明改进模型的优越性,同经典FVD模型进行了数值仿真对比.仿真结果表明：灵敏度α越大越有利于提高改进跟驰系统的稳定性;同经典FVD跟驰模型相比,改进模型抵抗干扰的能力更突出,能够消散交通系统中的微小扰动,具有抑制交通拥堵和稳定交通流的有利作用.     

基于瞬态边界元法的铁路车轮声辐射研究

轨道车轮的振动声辐射瞬态特性分析能够直观反映车轮结构的时域振动响应和时域声辐射特性.利用有限元/瞬态边界元法的计算机仿真技术,对S形辐板车轮在时域下进行振动及声辐射特性分析.研究结果表明:踏面和辐板的轴向位移响应级基本一致,且轮辋和辐板之间轴向振动存在耦合关系;踏面、轮辋和辐板轴向位移响应级的变化趋势一致,具有类似于"拍"的周期特性;在车轮轴线上距离车轮30m处的声压集中在60~80dB,且随时间的增加整体缓慢上升,再趋于平稳;声压主要分布在3 500Hz以下的频段.研究结果为瞬态声辐射仿真技术在车轮振动声辐射特性研究中的应用提供参考.     

应用于发动机缸体缸盖中的消失模铸造技术

消失模铸造技术是把涂有耐火材料的泡沫塑料模样放入砂箱，高温使泡沫热解“消失”而获得铸件的一项精确成形的铸造技术。其技术在汽车中的应用十分广泛，尤其在发动机的缸体缸盖中的应用更是发展迅速。消失模铸造技术铸件精度高、灵活设计、生产清洁、制造成本低等特点显著。比传统的砂型铸造技术有更高的技术含量，用于气缸盖和气缸体等生产更加复杂、更加精确的高难度铸件，能充分体现出这种铸造技术的优越性和经济效益。     

我国推行工程量清单计价的有关问题研究

工程量清单计价规范的颁布施行,标志着我国工程计价领域改革发展到了一个新阶段.但是随着工程量清单计价试点工作的开展及在全国试行,也暴露出一些问题.针对目前我国推行工程量清单计价亟需改善的工作进行探讨,目的在于更好的发挥清单计价模式的优越性,促进建筑市场的健康发展.     

Numerical Simulation of Projection Welding Processes for Door Hinge of Automobile Based on Coupled Fields Analysis

Projection welding is a variation of electric resistance welding with the dynamic changes of the flow paths for heat and electrical properties with changing temperature caused by the large plastic deformation collapse of projection. As the joint type between the auto door hinge and the inner plate, projection welding may bring welding distortions and would affect the assembly quality of auto body. A comprehensive electric-thermal-mechanical numerical simulation was performed to quantitatively simulate the processes of projection welding by using a coupled finite element method. The mechanism of projection collapse and the formation process of nugget were discussed and good conclusions have been achieved comparing with the test results.     

Numerical simulation of macrosegregation during steel ingot solidification using continuum model

A continuum model is adopted to study the macrosegregation phenomena during solidification of large steel ingots. Evolution of temperature, melt velocity, and compositional concentration field during a 22 t steel ingot solidification are illustrated by using the finite volume method. Numerical results of temperature distribution are validated by experiments. The influence of local permeability relates to the friction that the melt experienced in mushy region is investigated. It is shown that the continuum model is able to predict the temperature field, and the variation of permeability obviously affects the melt flowing behavior and the final compositional distribution.