Microscopic structure and property of double-electrode gas metal arc welding of AZ31B magnesium alloy

This paper focuses on the research on double-electrode gas metal arc welding(DE-GMAW) of AZ31 B magnesium alloy sheet with 2 mm thickness. During the welding process, stable hybrid arc of metal inert gas(MIG) and tungsten inert gas(TIG) is employed as welding heat source. Optical and electron microscopes are used to observe the microstructures of the weld joint. X-ray diffraction(XRD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) are employed to identify the components in fusion zone. Microhardness is also tested. When the MIG current is 80 A, the perfect weld joint is obtained, though figures of fish scales are observed in all joints in the research. The fusion zone is formed by dendrites, where β-Mg17(Al, Zn)12is dispersed. The hardness in fusion zone and heat affected zone(HAZ) is lower than that in base metal(BM). The average Vickers hardness of fusion zone and HAZ is about 58 and 56 respectively, while the Vickers hardness of BM is about 63.     

2205双相不锈钢焊接收缩变形与残余应力研究

采用钨极氩弧焊对2205双相不锈钢进行了焊接试验,用回归分析的方法研究了焊接电流、电弧电压、焊接速度和板厚对焊接收缩变形的影响;采用切条法测试了2 mm厚焊接试件的残余应力,找到了纵向残余应力沿焊缝截面的分布规律,并用正交试验方法对焊接工艺参数进行了优化。     

D6AC超高强钢的细丝双弧焊接工艺试验研究

分析了D6AC超高强钢的焊接性，采用细丝双弧焊接方法，进行D6AC超高强钢的双弧焊接工艺试验研究。采用细丝双弧焊接技术，基本可以解决D6AC超高强钢焊接时存在高裂纹倾向的问题，并降低焊接成本，避免了脉冲TIG焊扫法的低效率和高能密度焊接方法的高成本问题。     

等离子体焊接枪的数值模拟

以等离子体钨极氩弧焊接枪为研究对象,通过求等离子体弧柱区域的能量方程、动量守恒、质量守恒及电流连续性方程,得到温度、速度、电流密度分布。数值模拟200A自由氩弧所得电弧等离子体温度分布与实验数据相当吻合。在此基础上研究了带有喷嘴的弧柱部分的数值模拟,以及温度、速度和电流密度的分布、电弧弧长和最高温度的关系。     

A Generalized Rough Set Modeling Method for Welding Process

Modeling is essential, significant and difficult for the quality and shaping control of arc welding process. A generalized rough set based modeling method was brought forward and a dynamic predictive model for pulsed gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) was obtained by this modeling method. The results show that this modeling method can well acquire knowledge in welding and satisfy the real life application. In addition, the results of comparison between classic rough set model and back-propagation neural network model respectively are also satisfying.     

小口径水平固定管组合焊技术探索

文章针对小口径水平固定管组合焊,研究了其焊前清理、焊接装配、焊接方法（焊条电弧焊和TIG焊）、工艺参数、操作方法、焊接检验等方面技术,对提高焊接质量具有一定的应用价值。     

基于峰值电流模式的零电压软开关弧焊逆变器

针对目前弧焊逆变电源存在的问题，采用一种欠开关电路拓扑，结合移相控制软开关技术和电流峰值控制技术，研制了基于峰值电流模式的零电压软开关弧焊逆变器。测试结果表明，该逆变器能够实现全范围软开关，并且具有良好的限流和自校正能力，可有效地解决功率变压器的偏磁问题。     

Study on the Formation of η Phase During TIG Welding

The paper studied the effect of Ni-Fe-C filler materials on the η phase formation during TIG welding of WC-30Co and 45 steel. ηphase's morphology and forming condition were discussed using BEI method. The properties of the weld joints were also measured using microhardness measurement and four-point bending measurement. The results show that the weld joints of WC-30Co/45 steel can be obtained by TIG welding using different Ni-Fe-C materials as filler materials, and ηphase formed in the joints is M6C, M12C type carbides. The poor carbon content of the W-Co-C system resulted from the C diffusion and the high ingredient Fe are the two vital factors inducing to ηphase formation. It can be restricted by the addition of C element into Ni-Fe material. When carbon content is 0.01 % in filler material, bend strength σbb of weld joint is 908 MPa. However, when carbon content increases to 0. 41% in filler material, bend strength σbb is 1 260 MPa.     

串联半桥式场效应管弧焊逆变器可靠性分析

在建立了串联半桥式场效应晶体管弧焊逆变器主回路工作过程数学模型的基础上，讨论了电路主要参数对逆变器工作过程及其可靠性的影响，指出了弧焊逆变器设计中应注意的问题。     

客车顶蒙皮焊接半自动化设备的设计与调试

客车顶盖蒙皮自动点焊设备开发的成功，解决了客车顶盖蒙皮生产工艺落后的问题。如果采用电铆焊的方法对蒙皮与骨架进行连接，具有质量好、成本低、操作方便、焊件受热变形小及成形美观等优点。可扩展到侧围蒙皮与骨架的焊接。     

Spatter rate estimation of GMAW-S based on partial least square regression

This paper analyzes the drop transfer process in gas metal arc welding in short-circuit transfer mode （GMAW-S） in order to develop an optimized spatter rate model that can be used on line. According to thermodynamic characters and practical behavior, a complete arcing process is divided into three sub-processes： arc re-ignition, energy output and shorting preparation. Shorting process is then divided as drop spread, bridge sustention and bridge destabilization. Nine process variables and their distribution are analyzed based on welding experiments with high-speed photos and synchronous current and voltage signals. Method of variation coefficient is used to reflect process consistency and to design characteristic parameters. Partial least square regression （PLSR） is utilized to set up spatter rate model because of severe correlativity among the above characteristic parameters. PLSR is a new multivariate statistical analysis method, in which regression modeling, data simplification and relativity analysis are included in a single algorithm. Experiment results show that the regression equation based on PLSR is effective for on-line predicting spatter rate of its corresponding welding condition.     

High Efficiency and Quality of Multi-Pass Tandem Gas Metal Arc Welding for Thick Al 5083 Alloy Plates

Multi-pass tandem gas metal arc welding(TGMAW) for Al 5083 alloy plates with 30 mm thickness is carried out to study its high efficiency and high quality. The welding process is evaluated by high-speed photographs and electrical signals. The deposition rate and welding time are calculated to characterize the welding efficiency. The bead formation, porosity, microstructure and mechanical properties are tested and analyzed. The results indicate that though arc deflection occurs due to the electromagnetic interference between two arcs during TGMAW process, it does not affect the welding process stability significantly. The deposition rate and welding time of TGMAW process are about 15 g/min larger and about 16.7% less than those of gas metal arc welding(GMAW)process respectively, accompanied by the reduction of heat input. The TGMAW welded joint has less porosity and more refined microstructure to contribute to the improvement of mechanical properties(micro-hardness, tensile strength and ductility). It can be concluded that TGMAW process yields excellent performance of welded joint with improved welding efficiency, which makes it extremely practical during welding of thick plates.     

梯形动铁式交流焊机优化设计研究

对梯形动铁式交流焊机的优化目标进行了探讨,在此基础上建立了动铁式交流焊机优化设计的数学模型,编制了计算机优化设计软件,利用该软件对焊机进行了优化设计,结果表明:利用该软件所设计的交流焊机具有较低的制造成本和较高的综合性能     

WELDOX960E高强钢手工电弧焊焊接接头组织与力学性能

通过拉伸、弯曲、冲击、硬度和金相组织分析等试验,对手工电弧焊焊接WELDOX960E高强钢焊接接头组织和力学性能进行研究.研究结果表明：采用Phoenix SH Ni2 K130焊条、手工电弧焊焊接WELDOX960E高强钢时,可以获得拉伸、弯曲、冲击性能良好的接头;其焊缝组织为针状铁素体与粒状贝氏体的混合分布;熔合区及粗晶区组织为板条马氏体和少量白色M-A块区;正火区组织为块状铁素体、粒状贝氏体和珠光体;母材显微组织为回火索氏体;WELDOX960E高强钢焊缝硬度为270 ～ 300 HV,且距离熔合线30 mm处出现软化区.     

船用D36钢焊接工艺

根据现代船舶发展,船用高强度钢也逐步用在船体结构的制造中,文章以D36钢为例,结合高强度钢的特点从焊接材料选择、焊前准备、焊接过程、焊后检验等方面详细介绍焊接工艺过程及焊接质量控制中应该注意的问题,总结出实际生产中高强度钢的焊接工艺。     

埋弧自动堆焊工艺参数的确定

为提高焊接加工行业焊接效率,应用高效焊接工艺方法已成为行业的共识,文章主要研究了焊接工艺技术中的工艺参数对埋弧自动堆焊的影响规律。通过试验实现埋弧自动堆焊过程,采用逼近法优化了堆焊电流、电弧电压、堆焊速度等工艺参数,确定了合理选择堆焊工艺参数的原则和方法,从而对工业生产起到一定的指导作用。     

发动机液压挺柱的氩弧焊接组装

针对某小型高速发动机,设计了一种液压挺柱。通过试验对各种组装方法加以分析、比较,最终确定采用氩弧焊接进行组装。试验结果显示液压挺柱工作可靠,说明采用氩弧焊接是可行的。     

不同氟化物对钛合金焊接工艺性能的影响

研究通过配置不同配方的药芯焊丝,对钛板进行堆焊.针对堆焊过程中出现的不同试验现象进行统计,并从电弧稳定性、飞溅大小、熔渣脱渣性、焊缝表面成形及气孔等方面,分析钛药芯焊丝中氟化物对其工艺性能的影响.试验结果表明,C组通过BaF2取代CaF2后,电弧稳定性较高,飞溅较小,同时熔渣覆盖均匀,保护效果好,能够实现焊缝成形美观,焊接工艺性能最好.而A组由于冰晶石在熔池中分解,形成气泡放出型飞溅,导致焊缝成形很差.残留于渣中的冰晶石降低了熔渣的流动性,焊缝熔渣没有出现中间薄而两边厚的情况.B组由于Na2 SiF6分解温度较低,Na2 SiF6分解产生的NaF增大了熔渣的流动性,导致焊缝中间熔渣薄而边缘较厚.三组焊缝中均未出现气孔.     

基于神经网络的多变量模糊自整定PID控制器

针对脉冲ＴＩＧ焊动态过程控制提出了一种基于ＢＰ神经网络的多变量模糊自整定ＰＩＤ控制器。该控制器利用神经网络在线学习具有多变量耦合，非线性及不确定性的复杂的焊接动态过程的控制规则，实现ＰＩＤ参数的自动整定。仿真实验结果表明该控制器不仅具有模糊控制的简单，有效的非线性控制作用。还具备了神经网络的学习与适应能力，以及ＰＩＤ控制的普遍适用性。     

弓网离线模拟试验平台的设计

受流问题是制约电气化铁路提速的瓶颈之一,而弓网离线电弧是高速列车受流的关键问题.为了全面的把握弓网离线状态,设计了弓网离线模拟试验平台.实现正弦周期内不同时刻离线及回合过程的电弧放电现象,并采用示波器和数据采集卡实现对离合瞬间电压、电流和光强等波形的同步记录,为弓网离线检测法和列车受流质量的研究及抑制电弧危害打下基础.