自主航行模式下二维摆动尾鳍的推进性能研究

以开发适用于小型潜器的仿生操纵与推进系统为研究背景,利用计算流体动力学软件Fluent对自主推进尾鳍的水动力特性进行数值模拟,分析了尾鳍在静水中作纵摇以及自主航行运动时的流场结构及水动力性能,建立了尾鳍摆动自主推进数值计算模型,研究了不同运动参数对尾鳍流场结构及水动性能的影响,确定了自主推进模式下的尾鳍运动速度,结果表明,随着尾鳍摆动频率的增加,尾鳍能够获得更大的推进和前进速度;通过对比尾鳍在约束模式和自主航行模式下的尾涡流场结构及演变过程,探讨了尾鳍惯性对其推进性能的影响.计算结果与文献模型实验具有良好的一致性.     

一种仿生水下机器人的研究进展

近年来仿生技术在水下机器人上的应用已经成为水下机器人的重要研究方向之一.本文介绍了哈尔滨工程大学研制的"仿生-Ⅰ"号水下机器人.该机器人以蓝鳍金枪鱼为模本,长2.4m,前体固定,后体(约1/3体长)为具有3个节点的摆动装置,采用月牙形尾鳍.水动力计算和水池实验表明,仿鱼推进和操纵方式比传统的桨舵具有高效性和高机动性.     

仿生机器鱼的运动规律研究

仿生机器鱼技术为研究高效、高机动性和低噪声的水下运载器提供了新的思路，是近几年水下机器人领域的研究热点之一。基于仿生机器鱼的运动模型，研究了它的运动规律，并进行了计算机仿真研究。仿真结果表明，尾鳍摆动频率和两关节相位差对推进速度有较大的影响。     

波状摆动式鱼类的推进性能研究

以开发适用于小型潜器的仿生操纵与推进系统为研究背景,利用计算流体动力学软件Fluent对波状摆动式鱼类进行了数值模拟,建立波状摆动式鱼类的数值计算模型,研究不同变形参数对鱼类推进性能以及尾涡流场结构的影响。结果表明,随着波长的增加,鱼类能够获得更好的推进性能。通过对比不同频率下鱼类推进性能以及流场结构,探讨不同滑移率及斯特劳哈尔数对推进性能影响。     

二维波状摆动式鱼类自主航行推进性能研究

利用计算流体动力学软件Fluent对二维波状摆动式鱼类自主航行的水动力特性进行了数值模拟.在给定鱼体波动变形方程的基础上,编制实时计算鱼体不同波动参数下鱼体航行速度的程序模块,建立了波状摆动式鱼类自主航行的数值计算模型.研究了不同运动参数下的水动力性能、流场结构及航行速度,结果表明,随着摆动频率及波长的增加,鱼类能够获得更大的推力及自主航行速度.     

基于摆动喷管的水下航行体推力矢量控制流场特性仿真研究

本文针对航行体水下喷管摆动推力矢量控制动态过程,建立了流体动力与弹道耦合数值仿真计算模型,采用CFD手段分析了航行体水下运动过程中喷管尾部喷流流场与尾空泡相互作用流场的发展演化过程,获得了航行体摆动喷管推力矢量控制下非定常流场动态特性,为航行体水下运动控制方式的深入论证及应用提供了研究方法和手段支撑。     

仿生机器鱼胸尾鳍协同推进的水动力学分析

利用CFD技术对仿箱鲀科胸尾鳍协同推进机器鱼的水动力学特性进行分析,将整个机器鱼放入流场,对其胸鳍推进模式、尾鳍推进模式和胸尾鳍协同推进模式的水动力学特性进行对比,得出不同模式下机器鱼水动力学的变化规律。分析得出,在压力变化云图中,胸尾鳍协同推进产生的压力变化最为复杂;在速度涡量变化图中,胸尾鳍协同推进产生最为复杂的涡量变化,胸鳍运动产生的涡会逐渐脱落向后移动,与尾鳍产生的涡互相作用,增加尾鳍的推力,从而证明胸尾鳍协同推进模式是一种高效的推进机制。     

水下航行体降噪艉翼填角的数值模拟与试验研究

为降低水下航行体噪声,研究了艉翼填角的降噪效果。分析了水下航行体艉翼接合部马蹄涡影响螺旋桨伴流场的特征,认为马蹄涡对水下航行体噪声产生了不利影响。针对某无人水下航行体(UUV)设计了一种艉翼填角,运用CFD方法对该艉翼填角优化螺旋桨伴流场的效果进行了数值模拟,结果显示伴流场轴向速度的周向不均匀度系数下降35%-62%。将艉翼填角应用于该UUV,开展航行辐射噪声测量试验,结果显示艉翼填角使UUV航行噪声总声源级降低3.4 d B,尤其对低频噪声抑制较好。     

基于混合网格的水下航行器系统航行特性研究

水下航行器系统是包含主体、推进系统和其余附体的整体结构,其航行特性研究是水下航行器系统设计的重要内容.为研究水下航行器系统的航行性能和航行时的表面压力特征和流场特性,基于CFD方法,使用重叠网格和滑移网格相结合的混合网格技术对某自主研发水下航行器系统模型进行直接模拟.结果表明:水下航行器系统在不同大小的推力作用下,会表现出不同的航行性能,通过推力-速度曲线可以插值得到不同推力下的航行点;水下航行器在来流速度不同时其所受表面压力大小不同,但分布规律相似,且具有相同的流场分布特性.     

仿生水动力学研究进展综述

海洋鱼类经过数百万年的自然进化,获得了非凡的水动力性能,人类迄今为止研发的任何水下航行体尚难以超越。仿生已成为提高水下航行体水动力性能的重要技术途径。本文对仿生水动力学的研究进展进行了梳理,重点评述了仿生水动力学理论研究、仿生推进/操纵和仿生减阻三个方面的国内外研究现状和发展趋势,并对仿生水动力学研究亟需突破的瓶颈问题和技术路线给出了若干建议。     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

A simplified method for reliability- and integrity-based design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems

This paper presents a simplified method for the reliability- and the integrity-based optimal design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems. The design of structural systems is transitioning from the conventional methods, which are based on factors of safety, to more advanced methods, which require calculation of the failure probability of the designed system for each project. Using factors of safety to account for the uncertainties in the capacity (strength) or demands can lead to systems with different reliabilities. This is because the number and arrangement of components in each system and the correlation of their responses could be different, which could affect the system reliability. The generic factors of safety that are specified at the component level do not account for such differences. Still, using factors of safety, as a measure of system safety, is preferred by many engineers because of the simplicity in their application. The aim of this paper is to provide a simplified method for design of engineering systems that directly involves the system annual failure probability as a measure of system safety, concerning system strength limit state. In this method, using results of conventional deterministic analysis, the optimality factors for an integrity-based optimal design are used instead of generic safety factors to assure the system safety. The optimality factors, which estimate the necessary change in average component capacities, are computed especially for each component and a target system annual probability of system failure using regression models that estimate the effect of short and long term extreme events on structural response. Because in practice, it is convenient to use the return period as a measure to quantify the likelihood of extreme events, the regression model in this paper is a relationship between the component demands and the annual probability density function corresponding to every return period. This method accounts for the uncertainties in the environmental loads and structural capacities, and identifies the target mean capacity of each component for maximizing its integrity and meeting the reliability requirement. In addition, because various failure modes in a structural system can lead to different consequences (including damage costs), a method is introduced to compute optimality factors for designated failure modes. By calculating the probability of system failure, this method can be used for risk-based decision-making that considers the failure costs and consequences. The proposed method can also be used on existing structures to identify the riskiest components as part of inspection and improvement planning. The proposed method is discussed and illustrated considering offshore mooring systems. However, the method is general and applicable also to other engineering systems. In the case study of this paper, the method is first used to quantify the reliability of a mooring system, then this design is revised to meet the DNV recommended annual probability of failure and for maximizing system integrity as well as for a designated failure mode in which the anchor chains are the first components to fail in the system.     

含裂纹钢板复合材料修补强度和刚度数值分析

用ANSYS有限元分析软件对复合材料补片修复含边裂纹和中心裂纹钢板的强度和刚度进行了数值分析.引入相对刚度的概念,研究了钻有止裂孔裂纹的长度对损伤钢板相对刚度的影响,分析了损伤钢板刚度复合材料贴片修补效果;引入屈服载荷提高率的概念,分析了损伤钢板强度的修复效果.     

混凝土道路、堆场面层裂缝的产生与防治

从混凝土道路、堆场的各个结构层分析裂缝产生的原因,并针对性地说明预防措施,阐述裂缝维修方法。     

关于现行船舶规范及未来趋势的分析研究

本文简单介绍了近期已经生效或者即将生效的规则规范,并试图通过分析总结,对未来立法趋势做一个简单预测。     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。     

利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦区5000套住宅项目中心区设计

从确定符合项目实际情况的设计原则入手,通过利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦住宅区中心区总体布局和建筑设计两个方面的设计实践,探讨了"传统、现代与文脉"这一当今时代无法回避的文化议题。并且针对具有鲜明文化、宗教和气候特征的建筑设计的特点、方法与风格进行了总结,为今后的实践提供借鉴。