船闸口门区不良流态改善措施

水利枢纽船闸上、下游引航道口门区的通航水流条件是制约枢纽通航能力的关键因素之一。基于船闸口门区不良流态的形成机理,结合口门区水流条件安全通航标准,阐述口门区不良流态的形成因素及改善措施,对枢纽口门区水流条件的研究进行展望。     

韩江东溪船闸通航水流条件优化试验研究

潮州供水枢纽东溪水闸段呈"C"形弯曲河道特点,新建船闸布置于弯道凸岸,上下游引航道中心线与河道交角较大。通过整体物理模型试验及自航船模验证试验,提出改善水流条件的具体措施。结果表明:通过降低通航标准、优化航线、开挖与调整凸岸岸线等措施,减小了引航道中心线与河道主流流向交角,减弱了上、下游引航道及口门区存在的横向流速、回流等不利流态;有效改善了东溪船闸的通航水流条件,为"C"形弯曲河段船闸布置提供参考。     

窄深河道急弯下游枢纽上引航道布置及通航水流条件试验

窄深急弯河道下游河道主流偏向凹岸下游一侧,下游已建枢纽在同侧布置引航道则存在上引航道占据河道过流面积较大、流速指标超标严重等问题。采用整体定床物理模型及船模试验,研究窄深河道急弯下游枢纽二线船闸上游引航道的布置及其通航水流条件。结果表明,受窄深河道枢纽上游急弯和长引航道分隔墙占据深泓的影响,设计方案中的船闸上引航道口门区通航水流条件较差,不能满足船舶安全航行要求。优化方案在原方案基础上设置堤头下挑单潜坝,优化右岸河段开挖范围及形式,改变隔流墙长度以及隔流墙透空等措施,较好地改善了口门区通航水流条件并兼顾枢纽的行洪和发电,实现船舶安全通航和枢纽正常运行。     

微弯河段航电枢纽引航道口门区凸岸布置

弯曲河段上航电枢纽通航建筑物通常面临河谷狭窄、河道多弯、弯道过渡段短等问题。广西邕宁水利枢纽位于全国水运主通道之一的西江黄金水道上,设计通航标准为Ⅰ级。该枢纽船闸引航道口门区布置受凸岸以及直线段较短制约,难度较大。针对坝址河段的特点和枢纽设计通航要求,研究了枢纽整体运行水力特性,优化了坝址位置;同时结合曲线进闸、直线出闸引航道尺度优化和隔流堤堤头透水体型优化,使得上下游引航道口门区的水流条件均能满足20 a一遇以下通航流量要求,达到了设计目标,解决了该枢纽的整体通航布置问题。     

那吉航运枢纽左岸船闸通航水流条件试验研究

根据那吉航运枢纽左岸船闸布置方案上下游口门区及连接段通航水流条件试验成果 ,阐述了引航道口门区不同布置方案的通航水流条件 ,分析了影响船闸布置和通航水流条件的因素 ,提出了使船闸上下游引航道口门区水流条件满足通航要求的改善措施。     

“S”形急弯河段通航水流条件研究

犬木塘枢纽坝址所在河段呈“S”形急弯形态,上游口门区位于束窄形弯道凹岸,下游引航道口门区在弯曲河流段转向处,枢纽泄水时上下游口门区及连接段水流条件复杂,存在较为严重的斜流和回流,难以满足通航要求。通过1∶100整体物理模型试验,研究上、下游航道不良水流条件形成的主要原因,通过调整上游航线、隔流墙布置、局部疏浚及下游菱形墩结构和布置等综合措施,有效降低了口门区纵横向流速和回流流速,使各项水力指标均满足规范要求,极大改善了船闸上下游引航道及其口门区通航水流条件,确保过闸船舶的安全。     

赣江井冈山航电枢纽船闸下游口门区及连接段通航水流条件试验研究

针对赣江井冈山航电枢纽下游引航道口门区及连接段横流强劲、回流范围广等问题，进行枢纽下游引航道口门区通航水流条件及优化研究。通过建立水工整体定床模型，对隔流墙布置形式进行优化，提出缩短隔流墙并增设透水段、同时透水段向河心侧外挑的优化方案较好地解决了口门区横向流速、回流较大等问题，下游引航道口门区及连接段通航水流条件得到显著改善，经船模试验验证能够满足船舶安全通航要求。     

船闸凹岸布置上下游引航道水流条件优化*

峡江枢纽是赣江高等级航道的控制性工程,坝址所在河段呈“S”形急弯形态,枢纽采用集中异岸布置,船闸布置在河道凹岸,上游引航道口门位于“S”形河段上弯道凸岸下游,下游引航道口门区位于下弯道凹岸河道主流顶冲点附近,布置不利于通航水流条件,同时该枢纽还具有低水头、大流量的特点,因而船闸上下游引航道口门区及连接段通航水流条件复杂。通过1:110枢纽整体水工模型及自航船模试验,提出并论证了枢纽上游采用顺岸式整治方案、下游采用顺岸式整治方案结合透空式隔流导墙的综合措施,极大改善了船闸上下游引航道及其口门区通航水流条件,各项水力指标均满足了规范要求,确保过闸船舶的安全。     

东江下矶角枢纽船闸上引航道口门区通航水流条件试验研究

针对东江下矶角枢纽坝上游1.3 km处凸嘴及右岸副坝端头挑流造成的下游右侧（靠岸侧）上引航道口门区形成回流区、横向流速和回流流速严重超标问题,建立1:100比尺的正态物理模型,对在坝上游右岸凸嘴进行开挖、缩短库区右岸副坝长度并优化副坝端头与山体的连接形式、缩短上引航道长度等优化调整方案进行比选,对上引航道口门区通航水流条件进行研究。结果表明：上述措施对改善上引航道口门区通航条件是有效的,并确定了下矶角枢纽船闸上引航道布置推荐方案。     

泄水闸调度方式对凸岸船闸通航水流条件影响的试验研究

针对弯曲河段航运枢纽船闸上游口门区出现大范围回流漩涡、引航道存在斜向流等不良流态的工程问题,采用正态整体水工物理模型试验的方法,对泄水闸不同调度方式对凸岸船闸上游引航道及口门区通航水流条件的影响进行研究。结果表明:对于船闸建在凸岸的航运枢纽,泄水闸开启远端闸门的调度方式可有效减弱口门区回流尺度及引航道斜向流强度,以保证通航安全。     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Catalyzing Coastal Management in Kenya and Zanzibar: Building Capacity and Commitment

Site-based projects were initiated in Chawka Bay-Paje, Zanzibar, and Nyali-Bamburi-Shanzu, Kenya, to demonstrate the benefits of an integrated coastal management (ICM) approach for addressing coastal issues such as tourism development and enhancement of resource-dependent village economies in eastern Africa. A two-year, multidonor project used three primary strategies to make rapid, but sustainable, progress toward ICM. These included using interagency government teams for ICM planning, adopting an internationally recognized framework for ICM as a project ''road map,'' and explicitly incorporating capacity-building strategies into all aspects of the project. Within two years, integrated ICM action strategies, prepared through participatory processes, were being implemented at both sites, and both teams were working to expand the scale and scope of ICM in their nation. More importantly, the project helped create committed, capable, interagency groups that continue to work together to address urgent ICM issues.     

A simplified method for reliability- and integrity-based design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems

This paper presents a simplified method for the reliability- and the integrity-based optimal design of engineering systems and its application to offshore mooring systems. The design of structural systems is transitioning from the conventional methods, which are based on factors of safety, to more advanced methods, which require calculation of the failure probability of the designed system for each project. Using factors of safety to account for the uncertainties in the capacity (strength) or demands can lead to systems with different reliabilities. This is because the number and arrangement of components in each system and the correlation of their responses could be different, which could affect the system reliability. The generic factors of safety that are specified at the component level do not account for such differences. Still, using factors of safety, as a measure of system safety, is preferred by many engineers because of the simplicity in their application. The aim of this paper is to provide a simplified method for design of engineering systems that directly involves the system annual failure probability as a measure of system safety, concerning system strength limit state. In this method, using results of conventional deterministic analysis, the optimality factors for an integrity-based optimal design are used instead of generic safety factors to assure the system safety. The optimality factors, which estimate the necessary change in average component capacities, are computed especially for each component and a target system annual probability of system failure using regression models that estimate the effect of short and long term extreme events on structural response. Because in practice, it is convenient to use the return period as a measure to quantify the likelihood of extreme events, the regression model in this paper is a relationship between the component demands and the annual probability density function corresponding to every return period. This method accounts for the uncertainties in the environmental loads and structural capacities, and identifies the target mean capacity of each component for maximizing its integrity and meeting the reliability requirement. In addition, because various failure modes in a structural system can lead to different consequences (including damage costs), a method is introduced to compute optimality factors for designated failure modes. By calculating the probability of system failure, this method can be used for risk-based decision-making that considers the failure costs and consequences. The proposed method can also be used on existing structures to identify the riskiest components as part of inspection and improvement planning. The proposed method is discussed and illustrated considering offshore mooring systems. However, the method is general and applicable also to other engineering systems. In the case study of this paper, the method is first used to quantify the reliability of a mooring system, then this design is revised to meet the DNV recommended annual probability of failure and for maximizing system integrity as well as for a designated failure mode in which the anchor chains are the first components to fail in the system.     

含裂纹钢板复合材料修补强度和刚度数值分析

用ANSYS有限元分析软件对复合材料补片修复含边裂纹和中心裂纹钢板的强度和刚度进行了数值分析.引入相对刚度的概念,研究了钻有止裂孔裂纹的长度对损伤钢板相对刚度的影响,分析了损伤钢板刚度复合材料贴片修补效果;引入屈服载荷提高率的概念,分析了损伤钢板强度的修复效果.     

舰艇反鱼雷技术

对目前舰艇反鱼雷技术中的非杀伤、软杀伤和硬杀伤等比较先进的手段进行了阐述,并在此基础上分析研究了舰艇反鱼雷技术的发展趋势。     

混凝土道路、堆场面层裂缝的产生与防治

从混凝土道路、堆场的各个结构层分析裂缝产生的原因,并针对性地说明预防措施,阐述裂缝维修方法。     

利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦区5000套住宅项目中心区设计

从确定符合项目实际情况的设计原则入手,通过利比亚米苏拉塔市萨瓦瓦住宅区中心区总体布局和建筑设计两个方面的设计实践,探讨了"传统、现代与文脉"这一当今时代无法回避的文化议题。并且针对具有鲜明文化、宗教和气候特征的建筑设计的特点、方法与风格进行了总结,为今后的实践提供借鉴。     

Community-Based Management for Sustainable Fisheries Resources in Phang-nga Bay,Thailand

Fishing communities, the Government of Thailand Department of Fisheries, local nongovermnental organizations, universities, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and FAO's Bay of Bengal Program have undertaken a partnership in management of Phang-nga Bay's coastal resources. It is the first project of its kind in Thailand, and although still in the early stages, offers insights that may contribute to our knowledge of how we can improve our management of coastal resources, including the importance of (1) building relationships within the governance process; (2) combining education, enforcement, and economic incentives to achieve compliance; (3) implementing solutions early; and (4) government support of community-based decisions. These insights reinforce trends emerging in other coastal management projects in the Asian region.