柔性化港口的构建

为推动我国港口业的发展,满足市场差异化、多样性和敏捷化的服务需求,分析柔性化港口在设施、管理、技术、服务等方面的发展基础,阐述基于功能、时间和层次的三维构建方案,并提出以基于环境变化实施港口柔性发展战略为主导,基于合作发展促进港口组织柔性化和基于随机需求实施港口生产柔性化为动力的柔性化港口渐进式发展模式。     

基于不确定需求的港口柔性靠泊计划

港口生产系统中存在许多不确定因素,实施高度灵活、富有弹性和对市场需求能够快速响应的港口生产柔性化战略,有利于提升港口综合竞争力,推动港口发展和升级换代.在分析基于不确定需求的港口柔性靠泊服务需求的基础上,研究港口柔性靠泊计划,建立了柔性靠泊计划模型.该模型引入非对称性田口损失函数来衡量服务损失的大小,实现在保证一定服务水平(满意率)的前提下,港口的服务损失最小,即所有在港船舶的时间(费用)损失最小.     

厦门港发展方向策略研究

厦门港在其不断发展的生产管理实践中需要具有创新理念的规划作为指导,分析了当前厦门港发展过程中存在的不和谐因素,并针对这些因素提出了厦门港在未来发展中值得研究的主要方面;指出应当从和谐与柔性这样两个新的角度考虑厦门港未来的发展规划,厦门港未来的战略发展目标是建成和谐而具有柔性化的第四代港口,该研究为厦门港制定长远的科学发展规划提供了新的视角和方向.     

企业柔性聚集与区域经济竞争力提升

以柔性专业化为特征的企业柔性集聚是建立在传统的企业集聚的基础上,除了具备一般企业集聚的特点之外,更是发挥出柔性化生产的优势,具有更强大的竞争力。本文从企业柔性化生产与柔性集聚的内涵与特征出发,采用由一般到具体的方法,阐述企业集聚发展与区域竞争优势之间关系,重点分析企业的柔性集聚如何从降低交易成本、获得外部经济以及增强创新功能和绩效等方面来实现区域竞争力提升。     

生态港口的建设与发展对策

生态港口,是指既能满足环境要求又能获得良好经济效益的可持续发展港口。讨论了生态港口的内涵,分析总结了国际先进港口的生态保护措施及生态港口建设经验。对我国生态港口现状进行分析。从港口发展模式的改变、生态港口的规划与建设、港口生态环境保护措施的制定和实施等方面探讨了生态港口的建设思路与发展对策。     

浙江省海洋经济战略下港口物流服务创新研究

为了更好地发挥港口在推动海洋经济建设中的龙头作用,基于现代港口竞争实质,对港口物流服务创新的内涵作了界定.针对浙江省海洋经济发展现状,分析港口物流服务创新的内外驱动力及在发展海洋经济中的重要性,提出了港口物流服务创新五大策略:港口物流柔性化服务策略、港口物流定制化服务策略、港口物流可视化服务策略、港口物流联运化服务策略以及港口物流网络化服务策略.港口物流五大策略的实施,将提升港口整体服务水平,促进海洋经济可持续发展.     

浅谈新时期港口竞争形势及港口企业的发展对策

从港口竞争的区域和竞争的内容及形式上分析了港口竞争的变化,阐述了由此带来的港口企业发展战略的变化。并从加强与邻港合作、提高中转货物比例、发展物流产业和建立全球网络等4方面论述了上海港发展战略的现状及方向。     

京唐港发展的战略环境与目标定位

对京唐港的发展现状进行SWOT评估,基于波特钻石模型分析5种竞争力量构成的战略环境,研究京唐港发展的战略定位、目标内涵和指导原则,提出港口管理突出决策型战略管理、兼顾执行型战术管理,港口经营既重视生产经营又重视资本经营,港口组织结构向集团型转变,港口功能向多元化、综合性方向转变等港口经营指导原则。     

基于SWOT分析的江苏沿海港口发展战略规划

从江苏沿海港口发展现状出发,基于对沿海港口开发现状和发展环境的分析,运用SWOT模型对江苏沿海港口发展的内外部环境和竞争优劣势进行研究,在此基础上制定发展战略,并进一步提出在江苏北部连云港港实施“以港立市”、区港联动,中部盐城港口群大力完善港口物流体系,南部港口以南通港为核心实施省级开发区建设的具体发展策略。     

港口服务供应链信息集成模式及协作机制*

供应链环境下客户需求的日益多样化和快速化对港口服务供应链提出了更高要求,信息系统是实现该目标的重要手段之一。为港口服务供应链设计一种具有柔性与响应性的信息集成模式和协作机制,以提高其竞争力。给出了港口服务供应链的内涵和基本结构。通过对直链管理、跨级管理、网状管理和集成管理等4种信息管理模式优缺点的比较,为港口服务供应链选择了适合的信息管理模式。设计了包含战略层、控制层和操作层的港口服务供应链的三层信息管理结构,给出了各层次间的工作逻辑,并指出了其运作的协作机制。     

港口代际的本质特征及其演化规律

以代际的概念描述港口功能的转变,体现了港口发展的历史进程,也反映出在生产力发展不同阶段中港口所具有的作用。深刻理解港口不同代际的内涵,把握港口未来的发展趋势,对于港口规划、建设和经营具有重要的现实意义。针对不同港口代际的本质特征及其演化规律进行重点剖析,并从横向扩展和纵向延伸两个方面对港口功能的转变进行研究,供决策者制定港口发展规划时参考。     

北亚得里亚海集装箱港口群市场前景分析

欧洲发达市场是全球集装箱海运重要板块,对其市场发展潜力分析是中资企业参与欧洲集装箱港口投资的必要前提。集装箱港口市场发展潜力受多种因素影响,以腹地生产法进行市场预测是当前的主流方法,但该方法主要以外贸需求作为变量,存在片面性。针对当前海外港口集装箱市场分析中存在的问题,提出最优路径模型下港口集装箱市场规模预测,并以亚得里亚海北部港口群作为典型案例予以说明。分析表明,最优路径模型在大范围集装箱港口市场规模分析中具有较好的适应性,能够为投资决策提供参考。     

港口产业集群与区域经济关系分析

介绍了港口产业集群的定义和内涵，通过分析港口产业集群对区域竞争力、区域品牌、资源以及经济增长等的影响，说明它对区域经济具有促进作用。同时也指出区域经济对港口产业集群的形成和发展中起了重要作用。     

Competition model of cruise home ports based on the cruise supply chain – based on China cruise market

This paper addresses issues of cruise home port competition based on the cruise supply chain. A pricing model of the cruise market is developed considering the competitive cooperation behaviors of the participants in the cruise supply chain. Furthermore, a model of cruise home port competition is developed to investigate the impacts of subsidy participants in the cruise supply chain on cruise home ports. The results indicate that subsidy policies change the market equilibrium, promote the upstream and downstream integration of cruise supply chain, and enhance cruise home port competitiveness. Subsidies to cruise line increase the payoffs of cruise supply chain and ports’ profit. Subsidies to travel agency decrease passenger costs and improve all ports’ profits. For the long-term development of cruise home port, the consequents can be used as policy suggestions.     

宁波港向“第四代港口”跨越式发展的战略思考

阐述了第四代港口的内涵.针对宁波港面临的机遇和挑战,分析了其向第四代港口跨越式发展的条件;并从集装箱运力、基础设施、服务功能、海陆一体化、经济腹地等5方面论述了其存在差距及努力方向.     

超能力运行下港区内集装箱码头的博弈*

以上海外高桥港区集装箱码头为背景,构建超能力运行下同一港区内不同集装箱码头之间的博弈模型,通过逆向归纳法分析求解均衡收费和联盟利润,研究发现:与竞争博弈相比,集装箱码头联盟方都能收取相同并且较高的码头费用,其中部分联盟时联盟方的市场份额均为下降,而非联盟方的均衡收费、市场份额和利润均呈增加趋势。与完全联盟相比,部分联盟时联盟方收取的码头费用、市场份额和联盟利润皆为下降;非联盟方的均衡收费和利润也大幅降低,但市场份额却大幅增加,即同一港区集装箱码头博弈中真正的赢家是非联盟集装箱码头。     

A game theory analysis of port specialization—implications to the Chinese port industry

The fast growth of the Chinese economy and its international seaborne trade has escalated the demand for high-quality and efficient port services. “Decentralization” of the port management regime has given local government greater freedom in port development and operational decision-making. However, major port capacity expansion in coastal areas, coupled with the slowing down of both the economy and trade growth over recent years, has led to overcapacity and excessive competition. Although both port specialization and government regulations are called for to address these issues, few studies have investigated the formation mechanism and economic implications of port specialization. This paper uses alternative duopoly games, namely a Stackelberg game and a simultaneous game, to model port competition, where ports provide differentiated services in the sectors of containerized cargo and dry-bulk cargo. Our analytical results reveal that inter-port competition can lead to port specialization in the following three ways. A port can specialize in a type of cargo (1) for which there is relatively high demand, (2) where it has established capacity first, or (3) for services which require prohibitively high capacity costs. Also, it is seen that overcapacity is likely if strategic port decisions are made simultaneously instead of sequentially. These results suggest that if there is a clear market leader, policy intervention may not be necessary. However, if no port has clear market power, then government coordination and intervention may be needed in order to prevent overcapacity and to encourage specialization.     

Container port systems in China and the USA: a comparative study

This study compares the evolution of container port systems in China and the USA in terms of port throughput, number of container ports and the concentration level in the container port system, based on the time-series data on these three features over the period 1979–2009 for China and 1970–2009 for the USA. The results show that the densities of container ports in the two countries are similar, and their evolutionary processes are alike, which has led to a comparable market structure in the port industries of the two countries. In addition, the disparities between container ports closely represent the unevenness in the regional economic development. We further compare the port management regimes of the two countries in terms of the administrative processes for port development and expansion, the ownership structure and the providers of port functions, which offer some explanation on the dynamics of port evolution in the two countries. In conclusion, it can be seen that the evolution of the container port system and the management regime in the USA can be a de facto reference for the future development of the Chinese container port system.     

The evolution of containerization in East Asia

This paper examines the development and growth of container traffic in the Asia-Pacific region. It is hypothesised that containerization is losing its national character as the geography of container transport changes port hierarchies where only a few ports have become locationally favorable. The organizatioon of the paper is straightforward. First, the development and growth of container traffic in the Asia-Pacific region is examined in order to provide understanding of changes associated with containerization. Second, the role of selected Asian-Pacific ports as key economic players is reviewed, and container development in each port is analysed so as to measure the differences explaining the position of Asian-Pacific ports in the maritime system. Third, the degree of concentration and competition that exist among the container ports of the region is analysed with a view to evaluate what rate of expansion can be expected in the foreseeable future that will shape the network of the container market in the region. The paper concludes on a possible research agenda.