船体结构加筋板极限强度的影响因素

采用非线性有限元软件ABAQUS,应用弧长法对船体内部加筋板进行极限强度影响参数研究.分析不同的初始挠度大小、焊接残余应力大小、模型范围、边界条件、有限元网格尺寸、材料应力应变曲线和侧压力对单轴受压加筋板极限强度的影响.通过对加筋板计算模型的参数进行研究可知,侧压力的存在和结构的初始挠度大小会对加筋板的极限强度产生显著影响,该研究可为加筋板极限强度计算模型的正确选择提供参考.     

加筋板格高级屈曲分析技术研究及软件开发

文章给出了基于弹性大挠度理论和刚塑性分析的加筋板格高级屈曲分析方法(EPM),该方法包括五种失效模式,即正交加筋板格整体屈曲、纵向加筋子板格整体屈曲、纵向加筋和带板的局部屈曲或屈服、纵向加筋的侧倾以及全部屈服,可以考虑初始挠度和残余应力的影响以及双向压缩和侧向载荷的联合作用。以EPM方法为核心开发了加筋板格高级屈曲分析软件系统,包括任务管理、数据输入、屈曲分析、结果查看、能力曲线和文件分析等六个模块。为验证EPM方法的精度进行了系列纵向加筋和正交加筋板格试验模型的比较计算,并计算了四种典型加筋板格的双向应力能力曲线,与板格极限状态分析（PULS）软件和协调共同结构规范（HCSR）方法进行了比较分析。结果表明EPM方法可以分析联合载荷等因素对加筋板格极限强度的影响,文中开发的软件系统可用于加筋板格高级屈曲分析。     

含初始挠度加筋板的极限承载能力分析

舰船长期服役,甲板结构易产生初始挠度变形,这会对甲板承载能力带来不利影响.加筋板作为船体甲板结构的主要构成单元,研究初始挠度变形对其极限承载力的影响具有重要意义.为了确定初始挠度变形对加筋板极限承载力的影响作用,根据实际情况假设初始挠度为双三角级数形式,利用Ansys计算分析了整体初始挠度的幅值与半波数对极限载荷的影响和典型位置的应力特性,并得到初始挠度对加筋板极限载荷的影响因子计算方法.计算结果分析表明,随着初始挠度的幅值和半波数的增加,加筋板极限承载力逐渐减小;对于含有某种初始挠度的加筋板,其影响因子主要受加筋板的长宽比、厚度和加强筋间距等因素的影响.     

爆炸载荷作用下单向加筋板的塑性动力响应分析

从加筋板面板以及加强筋的运动方程出发,分析了爆炸载荷作用下单根加筋固支方板的大挠度塑性动力响应。分析表明:加筋板的运动,取决于加强筋的相对刚度以及载荷峰值的大小,将呈现出3种不同的模式。研究仅限于讨论加筋板的总体变形模式,具体讨论了单向加筋固支方板在忽略弯矩影响下的薄膜解法。得到的理论结果与已有的试验结果在多数情况下符合良好,表明简化理论分析方法能对爆炸载荷下单向加筋固支方板的永久变形做出较为合理的预报。     

含初始挠度加筋板的稳定性分析

为了确定初始挠度变形对加筋板稳定性的影响作用,根据实际情况假设初始挠度为双三角级数形式,利用Ansys计算分析了整体初始挠度的幅值与半波数对弹性失稳压力的影响,并得到初始挠度对加筋板稳定性的影响因子计算方法.计算结果分析表明,随着初始挠度的幅值和半波数的增加,加筋板弹性失稳压力逐渐减小;对于含有某种初始挠度的加筋板,其影响因子主要受加筋板的厚度和加强筋间距的影响,而加筋板长宽比的影响较小,可以忽略.     

含初始挠度加筋板的稳定性分析

为了确定初始挠度变形对加筋板稳定性的影响作用,根据实际情况假设初始挠度为双三角级数形式,利用Ansys计算分析了整体初始挠度的幅值与半波数对弹性失稳压力的影响,并得到初始挠度对加筋板稳定性的影响因子计算方法。计算结果分析表明,随着初始挠度的幅值和半波数的增加,加筋板弹性失稳压力逐渐减小;对于含有某种初始挠度的加筋板,其影响因子主要受加筋板的厚度和加强筋间距的影响,而加筋板长宽比的影响较小,可以忽略。     

含初始挠度加筋板的极限承载能力分析

舰船长期服役,甲板结构易产生初始挠度变形,这会对甲板承载能力带来不利影响。加筋板作为船体甲板结构的主要构成单元,研究初始挠度变形对其极限承载力的影响具有重要意义。为了确定初始挠度变形对加筋板极限承载力的影响作用,根据实际情况假设初始挠度为双三角级数形式,利用Ansys计算分析了整体初始挠度的幅值与半波数对极限载荷的影响和典型位置的应力特性,并得到初始挠度对加筋板极限载荷的影响因子计算方法。计算结果分析表明,随着初始挠度的幅值和半波数的增加,加筋板极限承载力逐渐减小;对于含有某种初始挠度的加筋板,其影响因子主要受加筋板的长宽比、厚度和加强筋间距等因素的影响。     

爆炸冲击载荷下加筋板塑性动力响应分析

基于非线性动力学软件Abaqus,对爆炸冲击载荷下的加筋板塑性动力响应行为进行研究,探讨加筋板的结构形式、载荷冲击波波形、材料应变率效应等参数对加筋板塑性动力响应的影响.仿真分析结果表明加筋板结构形式对加筋板抵抗爆炸载荷能力影响较为明显;冲击载荷峰值时间影响加筋板最终塑性变形的大小;应变率效应对加筋板最终塑性变形影响较大.     

加筋板低周疲劳寿命和累积塑性应变模型

为分析加筋板结构累积塑性破坏的影响,应用损伤力学基础理论,并结合筋板相互影响系数,以塑性应变为损伤演化的控制参量,推导并建立加筋板结构低周疲劳累积递增塑性应变模型和低周疲劳寿命模型。将加筋板在循环载荷下的疲劳损伤变量引入累积递增塑性应变方程中,通过积分变换,推导出循环载荷下船舶加筋板结构轴向累积塑性应变的演化方程及其低周疲劳寿命本构模型;采用船舶通用高强度402钢相关材料疲劳特性参数对船舶加筋板结构低周疲劳寿命模型进行对比分析;将塑性应变发展理论模型与有限元计算结果进行比较,分析平均应力和筋条刚度比对累积塑性应变的影响规律。结果表明,该模型较好地反映了船舶加筋板结构的轴向累积塑性应变演化规律,同时能方便地对船舶结构低周疲劳强度进行评估、校核。     

船体结构总纵极限强度的简化逐步破坏分析方法

本文基于Smith方法,应用梁-柱理论、理想弹塑性假设、平截面假设和塑性铰理论建立了加筋板单元的应力-应变关系曲线,导出了船体结构总纵极限强度的简化逐步破坏分析方法并编制成FORTRAN计算程序.应用作者导出的简化逐步破坏分析方法分析计算了Reckling 23号模型总纵极限强度.计算结果表明,本文导出的简化逐步破坏分析方法和计算程序正确可靠,可供船体结构设计和使用.本文还对船体结构总纵极限强度的影响因素进行了分析,其中包括加筋板单元的载荷-缩短行为、横向压力、材料屈服强度和腐蚀等.     

Dynamic plastic response of clamped stiffened plates with large deflection

Study on the dynamic response, and especially the nonlinear dynamic response of stiffened plates is complicated by their discontinuity and inhomogeneity. The finite element method （FEM） and the finite strip method are usually adopted in their analysis. Although many useful conclusions have been obtained, the computational cost is enormous. Based on some assumptions, the dynamic plastic response of clamped stiffened plates with large deflections was theoretically investigated herein by a singly symmetric beam model. Firstly, the deflection conditions that a plastic string must satisfy were obtained by the linearized moment-axial force interaction curve for singly symmetric cross sections and the associated plastic flow rule. Secondly, the possible motion mechanisms of the beam under different load intensity were analysed in detail. For structures with plastic deformations, a simplified method was then given that the arbitrary impact load can be replaced equivalently by a rectangular pulse. Finally, to confirm the validity of the proposed method, the dynamic plastic response of a one-way stiffened plate with four fully clamped edges was calculated. The theoretical results were in good agreement with those of FEM. It indicates that the present calculation model is easy and feasible, and the equivalent substitution of load almost has no influence on the final deflection.     

Nonlinear dynamic response of blast-loaded stiffened plates considering the strain rate sensitivity

The aim of the present paper is to develop a simple theoretical method which can quickly calculate the nonlinear dynamic response of stiffened plates under a blast loading. The large deformation behavior of the stiffened plate is analyzed by using a singly symmetric beam model as representative of the stiffened plate. The material is assumed to be rigid-perfectly plastic, and the strain rate sensitivity is considered by using the Cowper–Symonds constitutive model (CS model). By Lee's extremum principle, the instantaneous modes of nonlinear structural response are determined. A series of calculations are performed to investigate the influence of pulse intensity, pulse duration, plate thickness, stiffener spacing and material property on the displacement response. The obtained results are in good agreement with those of numerical simulations performed by software package ABAQUS, and then a definition for the cases when the simplified method proposed here can be used is provided.     

加筋板结构在水下爆炸冲击波作用下动态响应的近似相似方法研究

提出了同时考虑流固耦合和材料应变率强化效应时,加筋板结构在水下爆炸冲击波作用下动态响应的相似条件.在此基础上,提出了该问题的近似相似方法.该方法通过在模型和原型之间建立一个修正模型,达到利用修正模型的冲击响应近似预报原型响应的目的.最后提出了利用缩比模型试验预报原型冲击塑性变形的模型化试验方法.文中结论可用于指导利用模型试验预报船体局部板架在水下爆炸冲击波作用下动态响应.     

On the use of the autocorrelation function to identify the damage in the side shell of a ship''s hull

When structural damage occurs, the dynamic characteristics of the structure changes correspondingly. This can be used to detect damage occurrence. In this paper, an autocorrelation function was utilized to identify damage in the side shell of ship structures using a combination of experimental and numerical studies. A stiffened plate was used to model the side shell of a ship structure. The damage was simulated by a cut in the longitudinal near the transverse member. The cut was made using a hacksaw. An experimental study using modal testing methods was carried out to measure the random response time history of the undamaged and damaged stiffened plate model. The random response time history was used to obtain its autocorrelation function and its random decrement signature. The autocorrelation function was then compared with the random decrement signature. Finite element models were developed for the stiffened plate, in the undamaged and damaged conditions. The random responses of the model were used to obtain the autocorrelation functions. The autocorrelation functions obtained numerically were compared to the ones obtained experimentally. The results indicate that the autocorrelation functions can be used to identify the occurrence of damage in the stiffened plate model.     

导弹战斗部冲击下舷侧梁的动力响应及失效模式分析

根据理想刚-塑性材料模型假设,同时考虑梁的剪切、弯曲及拉伸,分析了均匀矩形截面简支梁中部在中低速、大尺寸、大质量、平头弹体正冲击下的动力响应,得到了梁的初始塑性变形模式及梁的塑性变形过程,并根据有效塑性应变失效准则,分析了简支梁的失效模式,得到了冲击过程中梁的临界失效挠度及吸能量,讨论了梁截面的形状及跨长对梁变形吸能能力的影响.     

碰撞载荷作用下加筋板架动响应分析研究

研究碰撞载荷作用下加筋板架的动态响应对于深入理解船舶碰撞力学机理和开展船舶耐撞性结构设计具有重要的指导意义。基于最近国外加筋板架碰撞模型系列试验结果，应用数值仿真的方法对其中5种典型加筋板架进行计算分析，得到不同加强筋情形下板架的动态响应特征，并从损伤变形模态及变形大小、应变三个方面与模型试验结果进行对比分析，结果表明两者具有很好的一致性，同时证明了本文碰撞数值仿真方法的有效性。     

单壳船侧结构的碰撞能量吸收

文章提出一种近似的解析方法评估单壳船侧结构的耐撞性。首先研究了单轴对称工字梁在横向载荷作用下结构从形成塑性铰到弦响应的力学过程,导出能量和变形的近似解析关系,然后考虑球鼻首和船侧结构的碰撞性将主要受撞区域舷侧板梁组合结构离散成为多个单轴对称工字梁,得到单壳舷侧结构碰撞过程能量吸收的近似公式,同时研究了球鼻形状以及不同碰撞位置对结构变形与能量吸收的影响。对散货船单壳舷侧结构的耐撞性用本文近似理论公式     

Ultimate strength of container ships subjected to combined hogging moment and bottom local loads,Part 2: An extension of Smith's method

This paper is the second of two companion papers concerning the ultimate hull girder strength of container ships subjected to combined hogging moment and bottom local loads. The nonlinear finite element analysis in Part 1 has shown that local bending deformation of a double bottom due to bottom lateral loads significantly decreases the ultimate hogging strength of container ships. In this Part 2, extending Smith's method for pure bending collapse analysis of a ship's hull girder, a simplified method of progressive collapse analysis of ultimate hogging strength of container ships considering bottom local loads is developed. The double bottom is idealized as a plane grillage and the rest part of the cross section as a prismatic beam. An average stress-average strain relationship of plate/stiffened plate elements employed in Smith's method is transformed into an average stress-average plastic strain relationship, and implemented in the conventional beam finite element as a pseudo strain hardening/softening behaviors. The extended Smith's method is validated through a comparison with nonlinear finite element analysis.     

水下爆炸气泡能载荷对单层板架塑性变形的影响研究

针对气泡能载荷对单层板架在水下非接触爆炸载荷作用下塑性变形的影响问题,运用能量法原理,计算了考虑气泡能载荷影响的单层板架的塑性变形,计算结果与试验结果一致。在此基础上,分析了径距比与由气泡能引起单层板架变形占总变形的比例之间的关系。结果表明：在计算工况下,气泡能载荷对单层板架塑性变形的影响不可忽略,其所引起的单层板架变形占总变形25%左右。