金塘大桥墩座湿接头裂纹施工控制

墩座湿接头由于受内部约束、温度应力等影响,容易出现裂纹。本文分别从支撑短柱及水化热对墩座裂纹产生的影响,不同配合比的混凝土收缩性研究等方面进行了深入分析墩座湿接头裂纹成因。提出只要最大限度的降低混凝土水化热,提高混凝土的抗裂性能,减少墩座混凝土内部应力约束,改善混凝土的养护条件,将可以最大限度的降低裂纹产生的机率。     

FRP筋混凝土梁短期刚度试验研究

开展了不同配筋情况下FRP筋增强混凝土结构抗弯性能试验,系统地研究了试验梁在各级荷载作用下刚度和挠度的变化规律,并分析了结构受力特性对刚度变化的敏感性,在试验的基础上,确定了FRP筋混凝土梁的短期刚度的理论计算公式。计算结果与试验结果符合良好。     

圆钢管混凝土柱低周反复加载试验研究

为了研究钢管混凝土柱在低周反复荷载作用下组合材料横截面刚度对其性能的影响,以果园港二期工程上的钢管混凝土柱为原型,对3根钢管混凝土柱进行低周反复加载试验。通过控制试件钢管厚度进行物理模型试验,研究钢管厚度对钢管混凝土柱耗能性能、承载性能、强度退化、刚度退化、延性和变形能力的影响。试验结果表明:随着试件钢管厚度的增加,试件的能量耗散系数与等效黏滞阻尼系数均随之减小,试件的耗能能力随之变弱;钢管厚度越小,钢管混凝土柱试件的耗能性能越好。钢管越厚,对核心混凝土的约束作用就越强,强度退化就越弱,试件塑性变形能力就越好。钢管越厚,外包钢管对核心混凝土约束作用就越强,水平承载能力越高。     

高桩码头混凝土横梁裂缝影响因素分析

根据国内某高桩码头结构横梁混凝土开裂情况,结合现场混凝土温度监测,从内约束应力和外约束应力分析了横梁混凝土开裂的原因。结果表明:码头上横梁混凝土的开裂主要是由外约束应力导致的,各种参数对外约束应力的影响幅度从大到小依次是:基础水平阻力系数、浇筑间隔时间、构件长度、构件高度,研究成果可用于类似工程混凝土裂缝控制。     

FRP筋混凝土粘结滑移有限元分析

FRP筋与混凝土间的粘结性能是FRP筋与混凝土共同工作的基础,为充分利用FRP筋强度高的优点,避免粘结破坏,必须找出FRP筋与混凝土间的粘结滑移规律。文中基于连续曲线模型,采用特殊单元模拟FRP筋与混凝土间的粘结滑移,通过有限元分析,归纳出FRP筋与混凝土间的粘结滑移规律。     

初龄期混凝土抗裂性能检测试验装置及检测技术的研究

混凝土结构通常会受到约束。在约束条件下，混凝土的体积变化会产生自生应力。在早期，因混凝土硬化过程还不完善，混凝土强度如不足以抵抗自生应力，则会产生结构开裂的危险。本课题主要目的是研究混凝土中自生应力的测试系统和方法，并应用所研制的自生应力试验装置和测试技术对混凝土在受到约束时产生的开裂进行了测试，对混凝土的开裂走势进行了研究，预测混凝土产生早期劣化的可能性，便于尽早采取相应措施防止混凝土的开裂，为改善混凝土的抗裂性能提供可靠途径和依据。该系统和方法既可作为试验室内对材料的抗裂性能研究的手段，又可在现场条件下应用。     

钢护筒与钢筋混凝土协同受力机理数值分析与模型验证

以果园二期桩基为原型,对6个钢护筒与钢筋混凝土短柱结构和2个钢管混凝土短柱进行轴压试验。基于ABAQUS有限元软件,以钢护筒厚度、配筋率、配箍率为参数进行分析。结果表明,钢护筒与钢筋混凝土短柱结构中,钢护筒与箍筋对核心混凝土均有约束作用,且双重约束效应明显,有效抑制混凝土裂缝开展,使结构具有更高的承载力、塑性和韧性。箍筋对混凝土的约束作用对钢护筒与钢筋混凝土短柱的承载力、塑性及延性性能影响显著,随着箍筋间距的减小,构件的承载力及延性性能有明显提高。     

超缓凝砂浆在船闸大体积混凝土中的应用

大体积混凝土的约束裂缝是由于混凝土早期强度较低,约束应力超过了混凝土的抗拉能力造成的。文章结合长沙湘江船闸大体积混凝土的施工,介绍超缓凝砂浆的性能,由于其突出的缓凝性,可有效防止层间早期约束,达到减小外在约束应力的目的。长沙船闸工程在采用了大体积混凝土配合比的同时,应用了层间超缓凝砂浆,有效降低了大体积混凝土约束裂缝的产生,取得了较好的效果。     

往复荷载作用下的钢管混凝土柱耗能和塑性变形性能

以果园港二期工程桩基为原型,对钢管混凝土柱进行低周反复加载试验。基于ABAQUS有限元软件,以不同的核心混凝土配筋率、混凝土强度为参数进行分析。结果表明,钢管混凝土柱的钢管在柱底位置易发生屈曲变形甚至屈鼓;钢管混凝土结构中钢管的厚度增加,使钢管混凝土结构的塑性变形能力增强,具有承载能力高、延性良好等优点;配筋率的增加增强了钢管混凝土柱模型的塑性变形和耗能性能;而混凝土强度的增加对钢管混凝土柱塑性变形和耗能性能影响比较有限。     

基于剥离分析的钢护筒与钢筋混凝土结构轴压性能分析与设计方法

针对钢护筒与钢筋混凝土(RCFST)结构轴压受力性能、分布规律及设计方法的问题,以重庆果园港二期桩基为原型,钢护筒厚度、配筋率、配箍率为变量,取长细比4∶1进行RCFST结构短柱轴压试验。考虑钢护筒和箍筋对核心混凝土的双重约束作用,采用剥离分析方法研究RCFST结构的受力机理、应力应变规律及内力分配规律,推导并验证RCFST短柱的轴压承载力公式。该公式基于模型试验分析结果,结合相关规范给出RCFST结构合理径厚比的选择设计方法。结论是:RCFST结构在轴压荷载作用下,处于纵向压力双应力状态,其峰值应力小于钢护筒的屈服应力;基于"统一理论"的轴压承载力计算结果更接近RCFST结构短柱的室内物理模型试验值。     

FRP筋混凝土简支深梁力学性能试验研究

为解决海港工程中钢筋混凝土结构钢筋锈蚀问题,采用纤维增强塑料筋(FRP)代替传统钢筋,开展了不同配筋情况下FRP筋增强混凝土深梁的力学性能试验,对FRP深梁在荷栽作用下的截面特性、裂缝宽度、极限承载力和破坏形式等力学特性进行深入研究,为进一步在工程中开展应用提供了试验参考.     

Behavior of circular concrete columns reinforced with hollow composite sections and GFRP bars

Hollow concrete columns (HCCs) constitute a structurally efficient construction system for marine and offshore structures, including bridge piers and piles. Conventionally, HCCs reinforced with steel bars are vulnerable to corrosion and can lose functionality as a result, especially in harsh environments. Moreover, HCCs are subjected to brittle failure behavior by concrete crushing due to the absence of the concrete core. Therefore, this study investigated the use of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars as a solution for corrosion and the use of hollow composite-reinforced sections (HCRSs) to confine the inner concrete wall in HCCs. Furthermore, this study conducted an in-depth assessment of the effect of the reinforcement configuration and reinforcement ratio on the axial performance of HCCs. Eight HCCs with the same lateral-reinforcement configuration were prepared and tested under monotonic loading until failure. The column design included a column without any longitudinal reinforcement, one reinforced longitudinally with an HCRS, one reinforced longitudinally with GFRP bars, three reinforced with HCRSs and different amounts of GFRP bars (4, 6, and 8 bars), and three reinforced with HCRSs and different diameters of GFRP bars (13, 16, 19 mm). The test results show that longitudinal reinforcement—whether GFRP bars or HCRSs—significantly enhanced the strength and displacement capacities of the HCCs. Increasing the amount of GFRP bars was more effective than increasing the bar diameter in increasing the confined strength and the displacement capacity. The axial-load capacity of the GFRP/HCRS-reinforced HCCs could be accurately estimated by calculating the load contribution of the longitudinal reinforcement, considering the axial strain at the concrete peak strength. A new confinement model considering the combined effect of the longitudinal and transverse reinforcement in the lateral confinement process was also developed.     

考虑桩-土作用的PHC管桩极限变形及其影响因素分析

单调荷载作用下PHC管桩的极限变形是判断结构损伤的一项重要参数。为了解桩、土参数对PHC管桩在单调荷载作用下变形的影响,采用ABAQUS有限元软件的纤维梁单元模型和共结点法,建立考虑桩土相互作用的PHC管桩有限元模型,使用P-y土弹簧模拟桩土相互作用,混凝土采用UCONCRETE03本构模型,预应力纵筋采用USTEEL02本构模型,分析配筋率、桩基入土深度、土体不排水抗剪强度、轴压比等参数对PHC管桩极限变形的影响规律。计算结果表明:桩基极限位移随桩基配筋率的提高而增加,但随桩基入土深度、土体不排水抗剪强度、轴压比的增加而减少,并拟合单调荷载作用下的PHC桩基极限位移的计算公式。     

纤维增强塑料（FRP）筋混凝土结构在港口工程中的应用

为解决海港工程中钢筋混凝土结构钢筋锈蚀问题，采用纤维增强塑料（FRP）筋代替传统钢筋，结合国内外相关规范，提出了港口工程中适用的FRP筋增强混凝土构件的设计计算方法，并对不同的设计控制指标进行了足尺寸构件力学性能试验验证，同时在某出运码头部分节段全部采用纤维增强塑料（FRP）替代钢筋工程试验，为解决港口工程耐久性问题提供了良好的工程实例。     

大管桩现场取样分析与耐久性研究

采用现场取样与室内化学分析相结合的方法,研究海洋环境下大管桩的耐久性能。通过对深圳、连云港和宁波3个地区服役1~17 a的大管桩展开耐久性调查,同时在潮差区和浪溅区的桩身混凝土钻芯取样,采用化学分析的方法测试不同深度混凝土中的氯离子含量,计算混凝土氯离子扩散系数,进而经统计分析得出桩身混凝土的腐蚀参数。通过对比研究桩身混凝土与桩帽节点混凝土的抗氯离子渗透性能的差异,研究裂缝对氯离子渗透的影响及大管桩接头处FRP包覆层对接头耐久性的影响。取样研究过程中未发现任何箍筋和主筋锈蚀的现象,服役10~15 a的大管桩箍筋表面氯离子浓度在0.1%~0.2%,箍筋表面光洁如新。     

Bond-slip behaviour of concrete filled double skin steel tubular (CFDST) columns

This paper provides novel results and key findings for the bond-slip field since there is no single study available in the literature conducted on the bond-slip behaviour of concrete filled double skin steel tubular (CFDST) columns. Likewise, no studies have been focused on the contribution of welded reinforcing bars on the bond behaviour of composite columns. A series of push-out tests on sixteen specimens of CFDST columns are presented to explore the bond-slip behaviour between the cross-sectional elements (the inner steel tube, outer steel tube and the shell concrete). The primary test parameters involve (a) interface type (normal interface, interface with an internal ring, with reinforcing bars, and with shear studs); (b) concrete strength (high strength concrete and normal strength concrete); (c) push-out type (push-out of the shell concrete and push-out of the inner tube). The results demonstrated that greater benefits arose on the bond strength, once the reinforcing bars or internal rings were welded onto the inner steel tube of CFDST columns. Moreover, in addition to remarkably improving the bond strength, the welded reinforcement bars would significantly improve the compressive strength of CFDST columns and eliminate the local buckling of the inner steel tube. On the other hand, the embedded shear studs (bolts) onto inner steel tubes are capable of improving the bond strength with less degree of the shear resistance in comparison with the other interface types. What's more, the current paper is also adapted to explore the influence of concrete grade (normal and high strength) on the bond performance of CFDST columns and it is showed that the bond strength increases considerably as the strength of the shell concrete is increased. Finally, the bond improvement ratio (BIR) is studied which could be a representative index in comparing the performances of the parameters on the bond behaviour.     

Nonlinear analysis of short concrete-filled double skin tube columns subjected to axial compressive forces

Proper material constitutive models for concrete-filled double skin tube (CFDST) columns with circular cross-section and subjected to axial compressive forces are proposed and verified against experiment data using the nonlinear finite element program Abaqus. It is shown that CFDST columns can provide a good confining effect for concrete core, especially when the diameter-to-thickness ratios of both the outer and the inner tubes are small. In addition, empirical equations are proposed to predict the lateral confining pressure of the concrete core for CFDST columns. Finally, the axial strengths of the CFDST columns calculated by the proposed formulations are compared with AISC formulations against the experimental data. It has been shown that the proposed formulations are better than the AISC formulations.