Full six degrees of freedom coupled dynamic simulation of ship collision and grounding accidents

By taking advantage of the user-defined load subroutine (loadud) and the user common subroutine (usercomm) in LS-DYNA, the authors proposed a new coupled approach for simultaneously calculating structural damage and the planar 3DOF ship motions in ship collisions. The coupled procedure aimed at predicting the detailed structural damage together with reasonable global ship motions. This paper extends the method to consider the full 6DOF ship motions; thus, ship collision as well as grounding accidents can be properly handled. This method is particularly useful for design purposes because the detailed ship hull profile is not needed.A traditional ship maneuvering model is used for the in-plane surge, sway and yaw degrees of freedom with a series of nondimensional coefficients determined from experiments. It is assumed that the out-of-plane degrees of freedom are not coupled with the in-plane ship motions, and there is no coupling among roll, pitch and heave motions. The implementation is verified through free decay tests, and the obtained natural periods show good agreement with theoretical results.Several collision and grounding cases are simulated in which a supply vessel crashes into rigid plates with different orientations. The effects of the roll motion, the heave and pitch motions and the full 6DOF motions are studied. The results are compared with those from a 6DOF decoupled method. Ship motions through the proposed method compare reasonably well with SIMO results. It is found that several consecutive impacts may occur in the simulation of one collision case due to the periodic motions. This is not taken into account in the decoupled method, which makes this method unconservative.     

A comparison of modelled and real-life driving profiles for the simulation of railway vehicle operation

A key factor in determining the performance of a railway system is the speed profile of the trains within the network. There can be significant variation in this speed profile for identical trains on identical routes, depending on how the train is driven. A better understanding and control of speed profiles can therefore offer significant potential for improvements in the performance of railway systems. This paper develops a model to allow the variability of real-life driving profiles of railway vehicles to be quantitatively described and predicted, in order to better account for the effects on the speed profile of the train and hence the performance of the railway network as a whole. The model is validated against data from the Tyne and Wear Metro, and replicates the measured data to a good degree of accuracy.     

卡西姆港燃煤应急电站卸煤码头港池水域平面布置优化

针对复杂水域条件下大型散货码头的水域平面布置,基于卡西姆燃煤应急电站码头工程项目,根据对周边已建工程、红树林以及水动力等主要影响因素的深入分析提出初步平面方案,并通过船舶操纵模拟试验对平面布置及相关尺度进行优化,合理确定本工程平面布置方案。结果表明,本工程的建设对周边影响较小,水域尺度能够满足船舶通航及靠离泊要求,水域平面布置合理。     

LNG码头应急通道与应急锚地研究

本文针对LNG应急逃离情况以及国内LNG应急锚地使用现状,总结分析国内、外LNG应急锚地布置情况;结合江苏滨海LNG码头通航条件,提出LNG应急通道及应急锚地三种布置方案,通过操船模拟试验论证比选并得出结论,供类似工程参考。     

粉质黏土层大直径泥水盾构掘进地层扰动分析

针对盾构机在粉质黏土层中推进引起的地层扰动进行分析尤为重要。以新建京张高铁JZSG-1标段清华园隧道2号～1号盾构区间为例,采用现场实测与数值模拟相结合的方法,研究大直径泥水平衡盾构隧道穿越粉质黏土层引起的地层扰动,得到土体横向水平位移及地表沉降的变化规律。需对横向1.5D范围内地表及建(构)筑物进行地层加固、加强监控量测;在盾构掘进过程中,应根据沉降数据实时调整盾构掘进参数及加固方案,以期更好地控制地表沉降。针对掌子面释放系数和注浆层软化模量进行参数分析数值计算,提出地表沉降的有效控制方法,在条件允许情况下适当提早管片的拼装及适当加快注浆层的硬化速度,可有效控制地表沉降。     

考虑移步需求的无桩型共享单车动态调度研究

共享单车系统自发的不均衡性导致单车数量分布与用户需求分布之间产生偏移，降低了系统服务能力，需要调度实现再平衡. 现有动态调度算法缺乏考虑起点车辆供给不足，用户在出行过程中“再次”取车的移步需求，难以准确识别用户真实的出行需求分布，降低了调度效果. 本文提出以用户出行选择行为为下层，以调度车辆路径规划为上层的双层规划模型框架，设计结合仿真系统的启发式求解算法. 算例场景基于上海市虹口、杨浦区共享单车历史出行数据搭建，并进行网格化处理. 算例结果表明，模型能有效识别移步需求，提高共享单车的供需匹配能力. 针对各类调度资源配置情况，共享单车的供需匹配率提升18.07%~ 19.89%，提高了共享单车系统的管理效率.     

频繁爆破下隧道内振动传播的数值研究

为揭示频繁爆破下隧道内振动传播衰减规律,文章以蒙华铁路段家坪隧道为工程背景,利用LS-DY NA建立了三维隧道模型,模拟分析了多次爆破下隧道内近区和中远区的振动传播规律。结果表明,质点垂向峰值振速随距离和爆破次数的增大而减小,少数振速有增大的现象;近区振动衰减较快,中远区振动衰减比近区缓慢;中远区a值比近区至少小12.5%,但整体上二者的a值随爆破作用次数的增加呈缓慢上升趋势;系数K随爆破作用次数的增加而降低,近区K值降低速率普遍大于中远区,且近区K值比中远区至少大29.1%;频繁爆破下,中远区比近区较符合萨道夫斯基经验公式。     

基于物理规律的气垫船气液介质仿真系统研究

针对全垫升气垫船气液介质复杂场景实时再现仿真需求,基于粒子系统原理和OSG渲染平台,考虑气垫船近场波浪高程模型、气垫船垫升系统压力及流量仿真模型以及气垫船气流场特点,提出了一种基于多模型的气垫船航行时气液介质特效仿真框架和实现方法。搭建了该技术的体系结构和实现流程,解决了不同开发环境下建立的异构模型仿真问题,并通过仿真模拟计算验证了该技术的可行性和正确性。仿真结果符合气垫船航行时的气液介质外形特征、作用范围以及气液介质产生的随机性和规律性特征,能快速逼真地实现气垫船航行时气液介质视景特效,对增强气垫船模拟训练效果具有重要的意义。     

四轮转向汽车操纵稳定性研究

为了研究转向工况对四轮转向汽车操纵稳定性的影响,基于Matlab/Simulink建立四轮转向汽车前轮转角比例前馈加横摆角速度模糊PID反馈控制模型,通过与Trucksim车辆模型和Simulink控制模型联合仿真,分别在低速和中高速下进行方向盘角阶跃输入离线仿真和方向盘正弦角输入实时仿真试验,与前轮转向汽车在相同工况下侧向加速度、横摆角速度以及质心侧偏角的仿真结果进行对比分析。试验结果表明:四轮转向控制仿真结果优于前轮转向结果,搭建的四轮转向前轮转角比例前馈加横摆角速度模糊PID反馈控制策略,能提高汽车低速转向时的操纵轻便性和机动性以及中高速转向时的操纵稳定性。     

面向复杂环境的LNG码头合理布局规模仿真案例分析

LNG船舶通过限制性航道进出港时须采取一定的管控措施,具有显著的排他性,布局LNG码头时须确定合理的码头规模,以保障港区各类船舶通航效率。基于多智能体复杂系统的混合模拟仿真建模方法,以宁波舟山港六横港区南侧岸线新布局LNG码头研究为例,建立不同的仿真情境,通过设定的指标进行评价分析,研判在一定通航管控措施条件下六横港区南侧LNG码头合理布局规模,为港口码头布局和岸线合理利用提供决策依据。