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通过对驾驶员为保证行车安全的实际驾驶行为进行分析,提出了可变减速时间的概念,并以此构建了基于可变减速时间的单车道通行能力理论模型;标定了模型使用的参数,推荐了具有不同小客车自由流速度的道路上的理论通行能力值;并用实测数据对模型进行了验证,根据实测的速度-流量和速度-密度曲线图.认为该模型基本符合实际情况. 相似文献
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A cellular automata (CA) model for motorized vehicle flows influenced by bicycles along the roadside 下载免费PDF全文
On many urban low‐grade or branch roads, especially in medium or small cities in China, bicyclists and motorists commonly share the non‐barrier road surface. Because bicycles are unpredictable and unstable when moving, motorized vehicles must reduce their speed to safely approach and overtake them. In this study, the gradual deceleration process a motorized vehicle undergoes before it passes a bicycle was analyzed. The motorist was assumed to prefer a comfortable deceleration and to select a higher deceleration rate only when the distance to the bicycle was insufficient to reduce the car's speed to the expected value at a comfortable deceleration rate. Cellular automata (CA) simulations were used to reveal the flow characteristics of motorized vehicles reacting to bicycles traveling along the roadside, and the results show that for the general velocities of motorized vehicles and bicycles traveling on urban branch roads, the road capacity for motorized vehicles is not related to the number of bicycles present. However, the average travel time of motorized vehicles is significantly affected by the presence of bicycles when the number of motorized vehicles on the road is small. In addition, motorized vehicles' average travel time is more influenced by disturbances in the flow of motorized vehicles than by bicycles when the number of motorized vehicles on the road is large. Field observations and surveys were used to validate the traffic behaviors and simulation results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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高速公路互通立交加减速车道是高速公路事故多发地点,其长度是影响安全性的因素之一.在总结国内外加减速车道长度计算方法的基础上,提出不同主线设计速度对应不同匝道设计速度下的合理加减速车道长度,可为高速公路互通立交加减速车道安全设计、管理提供技术支持. 相似文献
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直线电机驱动的地铁车辆在牵引或电制动时不受轮轨黏着的限制,将电制动介入紧急制动能提升制动性能。出于安全性考虑,车辆依据防护曲线实时监测电紧急制动性能。为准确计算防护曲线,分析执行装置的施加过程,对紧急制动性能建模;拟合并分析各执行装置的理论性能,得出瞬时理论紧急制动性能;结合性能模型和瞬时理论性能,推导出电紧急制动性能的临界条件;从安全性和可用性角度出发,对临界条件进行优化,求解出车辆的防护曲线。通过北京机场线车辆试验表明,车辆在110 km/h速度等级下,判定系数取0.92,调整系数取–0.12时,减速度安全余量为2.7%,制动距离安全余量为5.3%,验证防护曲线的安全性和可用性。 相似文献
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互通式立交减速车道及分流点的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
互通式立体交叉是高速公路的重要组成部分,而互通式立交减速车道和分流点又是互通式交线形设计的重要指标.因而,结合路线设计规范对互通式立交减速车道的设计方法和分流点控制指标进行探讨,并结合实践提出一点见解. 相似文献
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互通式立体交叉是高速公路的重要组成部分,而互通式立交减速车道和分流点又是互通式交线形设计的重要指标.因而,结合路线设计规范对互通式立交减速车道的设计方法和分流点控制指标进行探讨,并结合实践提出一点见解. 相似文献
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Peng Wuxiong Xu Yuan 《河北交通科技》2008,(1)
针对目前规范中振动标线设置原理的不足,分析了各种轮胎在一定胎压下的接地面积和接地长度,分别得到了对于大型车和小型车的合理设置间隔;同时从工程心理学的角度讨论了驾驶员对于振动的接受程度,并得到了标线的最佳重复条数。该研究结论将有助于减速振动标线的合理设置。 相似文献