挖掘机定深系统在深中通道沉管隧道减载沉箱基床整平施工中的应用

为解决深中通道西人工岛岛隧结合部E1管节顶部减载沉箱基床整平施工中，因潮位低、流速大、施工条件错综复杂造成的水下人工整平存在的安全风险问题，研究开发挖掘机搭载GPS等自动定位测控系统进行减载沉箱碎石基床整平。该系统通过GPS、双轴倾斜仪计算获得驾驶室的位置、姿态，再通过各个摆臂上的单轴倾斜仪计算获得各个摆臂、挖斗的位置和姿态，以指导驾驶员进行基床整平施工。采用该系统对碎石基床整平后，碎石基床高程验收最大值为+4.2 cm，最小值为-3.5 cm，达到了设计及施工要求，提高了碎石基床整平精度。     

轮印载荷下I型夹层板架结构静强度力学性能试验研究

现代舰船的直升机起降时会通过轮胎将载荷作用于飞行甲板的板架上,这种载荷通常被称为轮印载荷。除此之外,相对于传统加筋板结构形式,I型夹层结构具有轻质、高比强度等优点,是一种可以应用于船舶飞行甲板的新型结构形式。本文针对轮印载荷局部重载和位置不确定的特点,设计了合理的试验贴片方案及加载程序,并将试验数据与理论值对比,分析误差原因,研究I型夹层板架结构的板格在四种典型位置轮印载荷作用下的静强度力学性能。试验结果表明,夹层板架结构在载荷附近测点的应力水平较大,同时其上面板沿船宽方向的弯曲应力大于沿船长方向的弯曲应力,而下面板2个方向的弯曲应力特性与上面板相反。这些结论对于I型夹层板架结构在轮印载荷下的力学性能研究具有重要意义。     

The Movingo integrated ticket: seamless connections across the mälardalen region of Sweden

ABSTRACT

The need for improved public transport (PT) ticketing in ever-growing deregulated PT markets has made well-designed integrated ticketing systems a priority area of intervention for PT service providers around the world. Yet, very little practical evidence of its impacts are reported in Sweden and in the world at large. The focus of this study was the impacts of the Movingo integrated ticketing scheme in terms of PT patronage, user satisfaction and the perceived quality of the ticketing set-up. Three travel surveys were conducted along the Stockholm-Uppsala route. Methods including logistic regression and correlated t-tests were used to analyse the samples. The findings suggest that the scheme made rail commuting more attractive resulting in an overall increase of about 24% in ticket sales with 3% – 15% car commuters reporting that they patronised PT services after the project. The scheme also resulted in increased rail commuter satisfaction. The overall perceived quality of the ticketing set-up did not however improve due to interoperability challenges. Service providers’ uncertainty about equitable distribution of revenue among the participating service providers, interoperability challenges and the lack of interest among most of the participating service providers to sell Movingo tickets are some issues to be addressed.     

颗粒阻尼抑制水下航行器轴系纵振模拟试验

在简谐激励条件下，应用轴系颗粒阻尼纵振抑制模拟试验装置研究了旋转工况下的颗粒阻尼减振比；探讨了单腔体多颗粒和多腔体多颗粒时的轴系模拟系统加速度变化，讨论了颗粒的材料、粒径、质量填充比、腔体数量、转速、激励频率与位移等参数对系统减振比的影响规律。研究结果表明:在单腔体多颗粒条件下，填充有铜、钢、橡胶包钢颗粒的系统减振比处于7.83%~8.91%，橡胶颗粒的系统减振比接近于0；铜、钢、橡胶包钢颗粒有明显的抑振效果，颗粒的材料密度和阻尼比越大，抑振效果越好；当颗粒质量填充比为15%时，系统减振比最高为13.77%，但当质量填充比超过15%时，减振比有所降低，故质量填充比一般应根据实际情况控制在15%左右；粒径、转速、激励频率与位移幅值的变化对系统减振比的影响分别为1.76%~8.68%、6.77%~12.50%、4.41%~10.12%与2.19%~7.05%；在多腔体多颗粒工况下，当颗粒总质量填充比和转速一定时，腔体数量对系统减振比有明显影响；当腔体数量为3时，转速为100 r·min-1和质量填充比为25%的最佳系统减振比为22.5%；在多腔体多粒径颗粒工况下，当总质量填充比为10%，转速为50~150 r·min-1的系统减振比波动不大，平均为14.18%，这表明多腔体多粒径组合对转速不十分敏感，具有较好的减振效果，可拓宽转速使用范围。      

中长运距城际旅客出行方式选择行为模型 ——以高铁、民航为例

针对中长距离城际旅客对高铁,民航,空铁联运与民航中转等出行方式的选择行为.应用意向调查(SP)方法选择3个典型OD开展客流调查,构建多项式logit(mnl)模型与混合logit(ml)模型拟合数据,分析影响旅客选择行为的关键因素,说明旅客选择行为的异质特征.研究结果表明:相比MN L模型,ML模型显著提升了模型预测能力,更好描述了旅客选择行为的异质性,更适于出行方式选择行为建模;行程前时间,在途时间,中转时间是影响旅客选择的主要因素;出行目的,公费出行等对出行方式选择也有重要影响;在1400～2000 km运距范围,减少中转时间可以有效提高空铁联运与民航中转出行方式市场分担率;1400 km运距范围内,如果中转时间在1.5 h以内,则民航中转与空铁联运2类出行方式的替代特征明显,2000 km运距范围民航中转市场分担率显著高于空铁联运.     

Towards measures of affective and eudaimonic subjective well-being in the travel domain

Studies of the connections between transportation and subjective well-being (SWB) require a clear understanding of the conceptual composition of travel-related SWB as well as psychometric instruments to measure these complex topics. Well-established psychological scales for measuring general SWB—including both hedonic (affective and cognitive) and eudaimonic aspects—are difficult to adapt or have yet to be tested in the travel domain. Existing measures of travel liking and travel satisfaction are somewhat inadequate for these purposes, especially for representing eudaimonia. Using a questionnaire survey of 680 commuters in the Portland, Oregon, region, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses examined responses to a total of 42 items. Results suggested four-factor measurement models of both travel affect (Enjoyment, Attentiveness, Distress, and Fear) and travel eudaimonia (Health, Competence, Autonomy, and Security). Despite some limitations and opportunities for enhancements, these models show promise as ways of measuring affective and eudaimonic SWB in the travel domain for future studies and travel surveys.

     

Socioeconomic and usage characteristics of transportation network company (TNC) riders

Transportation - The widespread adoption of smartphones followed by an emergence of transportation network companies (TNC) have influenced the way individuals travel. The authors use the 2017...     

ROV attitude control based on multi-motor cooperative propulsion北大核心CSCD

[目的]为了提高遥控水下航行器(ROV)在复杂水下环境中的姿态控制性能,开展多电机协同推进的ROV姿态控制研究。[方法]首先,针对多电机系统的结构和算法,分别提出一种基于PID速度补偿器的偏差耦合结构和一种新型非奇异终端滑模控制(SMC)算法,并设计一种新颖的基于多电机协同推进的ROV姿态控制方法;然后,建立ROV的运动学和动力学模型,开展推进器组推力建模分析、解耦简化ROV动力学模型研究;最后,设计一种ROV滑模姿态控制器。[结果]仿真结果表明,所提的结构和算法可提高多电机系统的抗干扰性、同步性和快速响应能力,进而提高ROV姿态控制系统的稳定性与鲁棒性。[结论]所提方法可为ROV姿态控制提供一种新的可用方案。     

Development and prospects of initial alignment method for strap-down inertial navigation system北大核心CSCD

Initial alignment technology is directly related to the navigation accuracy and startup time of the strap-down inertial navigation system (SINS), and has always been regarded as a challenging focal point in the research field of inertial navigation. This paper makes a comprehensive survey of SINS initial alignment technology, briefly introduces the basic principles of initial alignment without latitude, coarse alignment with known latitude and precise alignment, and points out their advantages, disadvantages and applicable conditions. The research and effects of existing initial alignment error suppression techniques are then analyzed and discussed. Finally, according to the problems of existing initial alignment methods and the development requirements of the carrier, the future research direction of SINS initial alignment technology is predicted. © 2022 Journal of Clinical Hepatology. All rights reserved.