HX_D3电力机车单元制动器的日常运用检修和维护

阐述了HXD3电力机车单元制动器的结构和工作原理,对其现阶段运用过程中出现的问题进行分析,提出HXD3电力机车单元制动器的运用检修和维护方法,以及操作规范。     

故障自诊断功能在设备维护中的应用

一些关键的港口设备发生故障后要求快速修复,这就要求其具有强有力的故障自诊断功能,但有些故障无法通过自诊断直接定位故障点,而通过补充、完善自诊断功能,可以缩小故障排查范围,提高故障诊断的准确性。     

Pneumatic train brake simulation method

The design of new pneumatic brakes for rail vehicles or improvements of existing ones can be made better or more efficient by the use of a simulation method. This paper gives a general presentation of the author’s modelling methods used for solving problems relating to railway pneumatic brakes. The brake models in this paper (slightly different from those of other authors) take into account air-wave phenomena including air viscosity, the influence of the brake pipe branches, heat transfer in the brake pipes and reservoirs, air flows in the brake valves and the dynamics of moving mechanical parts. For various simulation purposes, separate partial models with different levels of accuracy were created. Various verifications and identifications of the models were performed with the use of train brake testing facilities, including both in-house and other test stands. A variety of examples of simulation results are presented here.     

水力式升船机卷筒制动器意外上闸风险及应对措施*

正常运行过程中同步系统卷筒制动器意外上闸是水力式升船机最严重的事故工况之一。结合景洪水力式升船机设计参数,分析了该事故工况下升船机存在的安全风险,提出了相应的应对措施和控制指标,探讨风险预测的理论计算方法,并通过原型观测试验检验理论计算方法与应对措施的有效性和可靠性。     

自动变速器液力缓速器工作原理及试验研究

通过分析自动变速器液力缓速器的工作原理,得出了重型车辆安装液力缓速器的必要性。通过试验研究液力缓速器的工作过程以及缓速能力,得出了相关的测量曲线数据。研究结果表明,使用液力缓速器对提高行车制动器的寿命以及行车安全性都有很好的辅助作用。     

基于ANSYS的鼓式制动器温降的数值模拟分析

采用数值模拟的方法研究鼓式制动器的温降过程,结合ANSYS对制动鼓的温度场进行有限元分析,并利用台架试验验证有限元模型的准确性;找出温降的规律及其影响因素,提高温度降低的速度,使积留在制动器的热量减少,从而避免热衰退现象,并为长大下坡道路的建设提供理论依据。     

港口起重机液压轮边制动器安装间隙问题分析

总结液压轮边制动器现场间隙调整中的问题,分析这种制动器的工作原理及液压缸结构,指出通过加大制动器工作行程来增加间隙的调整方法的危害性,说明制动器、安装架以及起重机自身车架制造时应注意的事项。     

Verification of pneumatic railway brake models

The article presents a survey of diverse methods for validation of pneumatic train brake modelling. Various experimental measurements of railway pneumatic brakes were made chiefly on a test stand at Poznań University of Technology; other test stands and some results have been taken from the literature. The measurements, some of them unconventional, were performed on separate pneumatic elements, brake devices, the brake pipe and fragments thereof. Mechanical devices were also included. The experimental measurement results were used for the verification of numerical models and for the determination of parameters. The latter was partially performed using an optimisation method.     

Influences on nonlinear judder vibrations of railway brakes

The paper reports on a joined research project of Knorr-Bremse, Siemens Mobility and the Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics. The goal of the project was to analyse the dynamical behaviour of friction brakes for high-speed trains. It was intended to gain insight into possible vibration mechanisms and to assess the potential for lay-out and operation improvements for future light-weight designs. In particular, the frequency range up to 250 Hz has been addressed, since the corresponding excitation is unavoidable at least to some extent and has to be considered when the brake system is designed. The study includes a comprehensive multibody simulation study and its comparison to experimental results at the test rig of Knorr-Bremse in Munich. The simulation model is adapted step by step in order to clearly identify and separate the influences on the dynamical properties of the complete brake system including its mounting. Additionally a minimal model is introduced that demonstrates some characteristics of the brake system. It turned out that the underlying knowledge is essential for the mechanical lay-out, which could be demonstrated by solving a particular vibration problem in an actual high-speed project.     

Development of a model for an air brake system with leaks and a scheme for the estimation of the steady-state pushrod stroke

Brake systems in trucks are crucial for ensuring the safety of vehicles and passengers on the roadways. Most trucks in the USA are equipped with S-cam drum brake systems and they are sensitive to maintenance. Brake deficiencies such as leaks and out-of-adjustment of the pushrod are a major cause of accidents involving trucks. Leaks in the air brake systems drastically affect braking performance by decreasing the maximum attainable braking pressure and also increasing the time required to attain the same, thereby resulting in longer stopping distances. Out-of-adjustment of the pushrod leads to loss of braking torque even if no leaks are present in the air brake system. In this paper, we present a mathematical model for an air brake system in the presence of leaks, with a view towards developing a diagnostic system for the air brake system based on the models. Additionally, we present a scheme that estimates the severity of leak in terms of the mass flow rate of air leaking from the air brake system to the atmosphere. This scheme can be implemented using a simple look-up table. We also present a steady-state pushrod stroke estimation scheme, based on brake chamber pressure measurements in the absence of any leaks in the air brake system.