电力机车车轴热处理工艺的研究

分析了EA4T钢的性质特征以及传统调质处理工艺所存在的问题,系统地研究了正火、淬火及回火工艺对材料的组织及性能的影响规律。通过系统的实验,探索出了DJ4型机车车轴的最佳热处理工艺参数。     

30m预应力混凝土T型梁钢模板加工工艺

本文以预应力混凝土T型梁中梁模板的侧模板为例,介绍了30m大型钢模板的结构,加工所用设备,并详细介绍了中梁钢模板的加工工艺,提出了加工过程中应注意的几个技术问题并进行了经济效益分析,认为采用现场加工工艺是可行的.     

T_H1 AND T_H2 CELL ANTIGEN RECEPTORS IN EXPERIMENTAL LEISHMANIASIS

Ｔ_Ｈ１ＡＮＤＴ_Ｈ２ＣＥＬＬＡＮＴＩＧＥＮＲＥＣＥＰＴＯＲＳＩＮＥＸＰＥＲＩＭＥＮＴＡＬＬＥＩＳＨＭＡＮＩＡＳＩＳＳｔｅｖｅｎＬ．Ｒｅｉｎｅｒ，ＷａｎｇＺｈｉ＇ｅｎ；ＦａｒａｈＨａｔａｍ，ＰｈｉｌｌｉｐＳｃｏｔｔ，ＲｉｃｈａｒｄＭ．Ｌｏｃｋｓｌｅｙ（...     

青藏线格拉段5T综合预报关联TFDS信息的探讨

为提高车辆红外轴温探测系统THDS的兑现率,现以青藏线格尔木—拉萨段实施的5T系统预报为基础,关联TFDS信息,进行了热轴综合预报探讨。文中给出了关联TFDS信息的解决方案,应用效果良好。     

铁路工程T梁不同运架方式施工工艺及造价分析

目前,铁路建设的T型梁运输架设,一般采用“边铺边架”的施工组织方案,该方案存在架梁方向单一、工作面少的缺点。为了弥补这种单一运架方式的不足,达到增加工作面,赶工期的目的,出现了汽车吊架梁、公铁两用架桥机架梁方式。此文通过调研,阐述这2种运架梁方式的施工工序及工艺,并针对现行铁路工程定额体系中的缺项部分进行分析与补充,希望能为今后的类似工程设计施工起到借鉴作用。     

X80管线钢管的屈强比对其失效评估曲线的影响

X80及以上级别管线钢管的高屈强比是工程应用中的一个突出问题,失效评估曲线是其安全评定的重要依据。文中通过单轴拉伸和断裂韧性试验建立了高屈强比X80管线钢管的特征失效评估图及拟合方程。结果表明：随着钢管屈强比升高,失效评估曲线的截至线（最大载荷比）降低;高、低屈强比钢管的评估曲线在载荷比大于某一临界值时发生分离,且高屈强比钢管的评估曲线处于低屈强比钢管的评估曲线之下;高屈强比钢管的选择3评估曲线比选择1和选择2曲线更偏于安全。     

Investigation of tailpipe and evaporative emissions from China IV and Tier 2 passenger vehicles with different gasolines

The limited understanding of vehicular emissions in China, especially evaporative emissions, is one obstacle to establishing tighter standards. To evaluate tailpipe and evaporative emissions, two typical China IV vehicles and one Tier 2 vehicle with an onboard refuelling vapour recovery (ORVR) system were selected and tested. One of the China IV vehicles was fuelled with gasoline, E10 and M15, respectively, to investigate the effect of fuel properties on vehicular emissions. For each vehicle, cold-start tailpipe emission tests were conducted first, followed by an evaporation test. Based on the emission factors and real-world vehicle activity data, the annual tailpipe and evaporative hydrocarbon (HC) emissions of each vehicle were calculated and compared. The results show that E10 and M15 significantly reduced the tailpipe CO and particle number (PN) emissions but seriously aggravated the NOx emissions, especially for M15. The hot soak losses (HSLs) and diurnal breathing losses (DBLs) were slightly impacted by the fuel properties. The annual evaporative emissions with E10 and M15 were higher than that with gasoline. The ORVR system effectively controlled the evaporative emissions, especially for DBLs. Evaporative emissions from the China IV vehicles were 1.1–1.4 times the tailpipe HC emissions. Additionally, the evaporative emission factors of the China IV vehicles were almost 50% lower than the standard (2.0 g/test), whereas their annual evaporative emissions were almost 1.8–2.8 times higher than those from the Tier 2 vehicle. Therefore, controlling evaporative emissions currently remains a great need in China, and the ORVR might be a recommended evaporative control technology.     

Study on T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells in patients with Graves＇ disease combined with type 2 diabetes

Objective To investigate changes in T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells in patients with simple Graves' disease (GD)and Graves' disease combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus (GD/T2DM). Methods Fifteen cases of GD/ T2DM were selected from our hospital from November 2001 to November 2004. Before and after therapy thyroid function, thyroglobulin antibody (TGA), thyroid microsomal antibody (TMA) and blood glucose level were measured, and T lymphocyte subsets (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8) and NK cells (CD56) were measured by immunofluorescence double labeling monoclonal antibody and flow cytometry, respectively. At the same time, comparison was made with simple GD (15 cases), T2DM (15 cases) and healthy control (20 cases). Results Before therapy, CD4/CD8, CD4 and NK cells in GD/T2DM were less than normal, and there was no significant difference in comparison with simple GD (P<0.05). In T2DM group, only CD4/CD8 and CD4 were less than those of healthy controls (P<0.05). When thyroid function recovered after 1 to 3 months of methimazole treatment in both GD/T2DM and simple GD groups, various indexes recovered, which were more obvious in simple GD. Conclusion Immune hypofunction of GD may be the key to the immune abnormality of GD/T2DM, which is more significant than that of simple GD or T2DM. The recovery of thyroid function and immune abnormality is not consistent, and the recovery of GD is more significant than that of GD/T2DM.     

姜黄素促进RAW264.7源性M1巨噬细胞向替代激活M2表型极化

目的观察姜黄素对LPS和IFNγ诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞(M1)极化的影响及机制。方法不同浓度姜黄素(6.25、12.5、25μmol/L)干预LPS和IFNγ诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞(M1)12h,同时再加入20μmol/L GW9662与25μmol/L姜黄素共同干预LPS和IFNγ诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞(M1)12h,采用Real-time PCR、ELISA及Western blot方法检测IL-1β、IL-6和M2表型标志分子KLF4、FIZZ1、MGL1、PPARγ的表达,及阻断PPARγ后KLF4和FIZZ1的表达。结果不同浓度姜黄素均能上调LPS和IFNγ诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞(M1)的M2标志分子的表达,并且抑制炎症因子IL-1β和IL-6的分泌;阻断PPARγ后,RAW264.7巨噬细胞源性M1表型巨噬细胞表达M2标志分子下调。结论姜黄素通过活化PPARγ促进LPS和IFNγ诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞(M1)向M2表型极化。