港口集装箱装卸作业的碳排放量计算方法

港口属于能源密集型行业,码头前方装卸生产和后方储运作业中的能源消耗量和碳排放量较高。结合港口集装箱码头的装卸作业,重点分析各装卸运输设备的能源消耗指标及其影响因素,提出计算集装箱码头碳排放量的理论公式,为定量描述集装箱港口碳排放情况提供参考。     

港口集装箱流研究现状与分析

港口集装箱流是集装箱流中的主要组成部分，对港口集装箱流的研究已经成为近年来学术界的重要课题之一。本文阐述了港口集装箱流的概念；分析了港口集装箱流管理的特点和分层分解框架；并对港口集装箱流的研究现状进行了详细分析；最后探讨了今后的若干研究方向。     

自动化集装箱码头带来了什么——“2016集装箱码头自动化推进与技术交流会”现场直击

正2016年8月3—4日,由中国港口协会集装箱分会和《中国港口》共同主办的"2016集装箱码头自动化推进与技术交流会"在青岛火热召开。围绕自动化集装箱码头带来的冲击和机遇,聚焦中国自动化码头建设现状和亟待解决的难题,各路观点持续发酵中……目前,全球有32个自动化集装箱码头建成,由于在节省码头人力成本,提高港口通过能力,降低设备能源消耗,提升港口形象等方面具有显著的优势,自动化集装箱码头已成为未来集     

岸桥节能降耗技术改造

当前,港口业快速发展,集装箱船舶大型化引发港口业竞争日趋激烈,港口配置的岸边集装箱起重机（以下简称岸桥）不断朝自动化、现代化、机械化方向发展,能源消耗日益增加.近年来,我国大力推行节能降耗,港口节能成为交通运输部落实节能减排工作的重点之一.为降低运营成本,提高竞争力,各港口越来越重视节能降耗工作.本文以大连港各集装箱码头为例,介绍岸桥节能降耗技术改造方案,以期为其他港口集装箱码头岸桥节能改造提供借鉴,加快打造绿色港口.     

中国港口集装箱码头行业标准有望出台

8月13日，从中国港口协会集装箱分会获悉，一项旨在“使集装箱码头以尽可能少的资源、能源消耗，谋求尽可能大的经济效益、社会效益和最佳运营秩序”的集装箱码头行业标准有望出台。     

基于AHP的集装箱港口竞争力评价研究

集装箱业务是港口发展的重要业务,研究集装箱港口竞争力具有重大意义。首先依据影响集装箱港口竞争力的因素,建立竞争力指标体系模型,把其分解为目标层、准则层和指标层,共3层11项指标。然后利用AHP法对各层指标构造判断矩阵,计算各项指标的权重,得出层次总排序,并进行一致性检验。研究目的在于为政府决策部门、集装箱港口企业评价本地区、本企业港口竞争力提供科学的依据。     

国内信息

政策与法规中国港口集装箱码头行业标准有望出台一项旨在"使集装箱码头以尽可能少的资源、能源消耗,谋求尽可能大的经济效益、社会效益和最佳运营秩序"的集装箱码头行业标准有望出台。据悉,中国港口协会集装箱分会已完成标准的框架制定。该标准分别为集装箱码头的道口、空重箱堆场、码头机械设备维修保养、码头、CFS货运站、办公室场所等,涵盖了40多个子标准。(中远)     

资源节约型集装箱港口设计总体思路

通过分析集装箱港口资源节约现状,提出资源节约型集装箱港口设计理念。分析集装箱港口资源因素,抓住集装箱港口建设过程中资源节约的关键环节,积极推广资源节约的关键创新技术,提出集装箱港口设计阶段关于资源节约方法及途径的基本经验。     

资源节约型集装箱港口设计总体思路

通过分析集装箱港口资源节约现状,提出资源节约型集装箱港口设计理念.分析集装箱港口资源因素,抓住集装箱港口建设过程中资源节约的关键环节,积极推广资源节约的关键创新技术,提出集装箱港口设计阶段关于资源节约方法及途径的基本经验.     

北亚得里亚海集装箱港口群市场前景分析

欧洲发达市场是全球集装箱海运重要板块,对其市场发展潜力分析是中资企业参与欧洲集装箱港口投资的必要前提。集装箱港口市场发展潜力受多种因素影响,以腹地生产法进行市场预测是当前的主流方法,但该方法主要以外贸需求作为变量,存在片面性。针对当前海外港口集装箱市场分析中存在的问题,提出最优路径模型下港口集装箱市场规模预测,并以亚得里亚海北部港口群作为典型案例予以说明。分析表明,最优路径模型在大范围集装箱港口市场规模分析中具有较好的适应性,能够为投资决策提供参考。     

集装箱码头ERTG能量回馈系统AFE可控整流系统应用

为进一步节能减排,对ERTG加装AFE可控整流系统,实现能量的回馈.介绍集装箱码头ERTG能量回馈系统改造的实施背景和AFE可控整流系统原理.着重介绍能量回馈系统在ERTG上的应用.AFE可控整流系统取得了良好的社会效益和经济效益.     

洋山港集装箱滚装渡船船型方案探讨

针对洋山港建成国际集装箱深水港后的集装箱集疏运问题,及该航线特点,提出一种滚装渡船方案,从布置地位、性能要求等方面展开,对这种船型进行分析计算。结果表明：通过这种船型集疏运集装箱的过海成本较低。     

Determinants of container port choice in Spain

For the economic and financial evaluation of port investment projects, it is important to know the demand function of a port's services. The objective of this study is to establish such a demand choice function for the Spanish container port services. The function is derived from the coefficients of a port choice model, for which a multinomial logit model is used and of which the coefficients are estimated with regression analysis. The variables tested concern inland transport cost, ocean transport costs and broad proxy variables for quality of service. Information on container import and export flows for 2007 is obtained from the Spanish Treasury Department. The linear regression analysis is based on differences of utilities of alternative routings of containerised cargoes compared to those routed via the port of Valencia. The obtained results are satisfactory in terms of model fit. The estimated coefficients can be used to assess the impact of changes in costs of container flows routed via a port on a port's market share. A demand choice function for the port can be derived by systematically doing so. An example is presented for the port of Valencia.     

长江上游集装箱码头陆域堆场平面布置及港内道路纵坡研究

以长江上游重庆寸滩集装箱码头工程的建设条件为基础，提出了代表性的3种集装箱堆场陆域平面布置方案，结合集卡上坡行驶油耗实测试验，分析了港口道路坡度对集卡燃油经济性的影响，对指导长江上游集装箱码头陆域堆场平面布置设计具有一定的参考价值.     

自动化集装箱码头水平运输系统动力系统及充电方案

针对自动化集装箱码头AGV(自动导引运输车)动力系统及电池充电方式选型的问题,采集了柴油内燃机、铅酸电池及3种锂电池的应用性能数据,对比分析研究得出锂电池动力方式在新一代自动化码头水平运输系统的应用优势。针对我国已经投产应用的集装箱AGV换电池充电方案、机会充电方案、浅充浅放式循环充电方案,从建设成本、作业效率、安全性能到绿色港口建设方面进行对比研究。提出浅充浅放式循环充电方案的应用优势与经济效益,为其他自动化集装箱码头水平运输系统的设计选型提供参考。     

落实科学发展观促进全国海事又好又快发展

一年来,全国海事系统以科学发展观为统领,贯彻落实"安全第一、预防为主、综合治理"方针,围绕做好"三个服务"的要求,紧紧抓住水上安全监管作为加强交通行业管理切入点的契机,严格监管,规范管理,开拓创新,实施"十一五"海事发展规划迈出了坚实的步伐。     

Impact of scale increase of container ships on the generalised chain cost

In recent years, an increase in the size of the container ships could be observed. The question is how these larger ships will influence the total generalised costs from a port of loading to a destination in the European hinterland. The second question is whether a scale increase of the container ships on other loops, such as a loop from the United States to Europe, has the same impact on the generalised chain costs as on the loop from Asia to Europe. A derived question is which element of the total chain has the highest importance, and whether this balance varies as the ship size changes. In this article, a model is developed that allows answering the above research questions. The model is designed to simulate the cost of a complete loop of a container ship and of a chain that uses that same loop. For the chain cost simulation, the maritime part is determined by the loop. From the ports of loading and unloading, the port container handling and the hinterland transportation costs are also integrated. The model also allows calculating the total chain cost from a point of origin (either a hinterland region or a port) to a destination point (also a port or a hinterland region). An actual container loop of a container shipping company can be introduced in the model. An application is made to two existing container loops, namely from Asia respectively the United States to Europe. It turns out that changing ship does indeed lead to economies of scale, but also that the impact is larger on the Asia–Europe connection than on the US–Europe connection. Furthermore, the maritime component has the biggest share in the total chain cost, but as ship size increases, the shares start getting closer to each other. This research contributes to the existing literature in two ways. First of all, it quantifies the impact of the scale increase of container ships throughout the total chain. Second, this is done from a bottom-up engineering modelling approach.     

An energy-cost approach for evaluation of operating systems in container terminals

The planning, design and development of a container terminal with optimum size and capacity and with a minimum capital cost is fundamentally dependent upon the loading and discharging operations at the quayside. Achieving this purpose, terminal operators have to choose the best operating system in the container yard. The decision on which equipment is used at container terminals depends on several factors. The purpose of this study is to provide a new decision making tool using the first law of thermodynamics. It considers a port as a control volume of a fluid system and models the port and its traffic on it. The results of this study evaluate container yard operating systems and set up a basis for decision making to select the best alternatives.     

A break-even model for evaluating the cost of container ships waiting times and berth unproductive times in automated quayside operations

The planning, design and development of a container terminal with optimum size and capacity and with a minimum capital cost is fundamentally dependent upon the loading and discharging operations at the quayside. The quayside function of container terminals is dependent basically on the number of berths available to service the incoming container ships. The objective of the container terminals dealing and admitting the ongoing ship calls is to provide immediate berth and loading and discharging services to the container ships with a minimum costly waiting time and a maximum efficiency. Previously terminal planners used to build extra berths to provide service. During the last two decades the terminal operators have adopted automation technologies in loading and discharging operation of the container ships as an alternative to designing extra berths. Ship owners naturally expect least waiting times for their container ships. On the other hand, it is also natural for port operators in a container terminal with costly facilities to see a high berth occupancy and productivity at the quayside. This study uses queuing theory to find a break-even point as a way of evaluating the cost of container ship waiting times and the cost of berth unproductive service times for container terminals aiming to automate their quayside operation. The analysis illustrates that automation devices installed on conventional Quayside Cranes (QSCs) significantly reduce the turnaround time of the container ships calling at the ports. It argues, however, that there should be a balance between the cost of berth unproductive service times and the cost of vessel waiting times. The study introduces a break-even point to be considered as a benchmark for calculating such a balance. The analysis in this study can be used as a decision tool for the operators of container terminals in the medium to small ports to appraise the feasibility of an investment in automation or expansion of the quayside facilities.     

一种船用冷藏集装箱集群测控方法的系统设计

提出一种适用于集装箱船的冷藏集装箱集群测控方法。通过对冷藏集装箱单箱、冷藏集装箱集群和集装箱船舶的现状进行分析,研究设计一套基于硬件的船舶冷藏集装箱集群的测控系统,包括改良的蓝牙BLE5.0通信协议、系统通信数据字典、支持串口自供电的无线箱体模块、无线通信微基站和配置终端。开发完成产业化的成套产品,进行液化天然气(LNG)双燃料集装箱船的实船试验。在串口自供电设计方面,采用TxD双极性整流、电荷泵极性转换和双级电源供电,解决在取电电流仅为4 mA、使用时可供的脉冲电流高达18 mA的特种串口自供电电源的设计问题;在集装箱通信设计方面,实现不同品牌的冷藏集装箱的串口通信协议在会话层的嗅探解析;在冷藏箱集群的用电控制设计方面,为实现错峰供电,通过底层协议的控制,减少船舶电站容量,降低电站电流峰值。