Vibration Control of a Passenger Vehicle Utilizing a Semi-Active ER Engine Mount

This paper presents vibration control of a passenger vehicle using an electronically controllable electro-rheological (ER) engine mount. A mixed-mode ER engine mount operating under the flow and shear modes is devised and manufactured. After establishing the dynamic model of the proposed ER engine mount, both field-dependent displacement transmissibility and dynamic stiffness of the ER engine mount are empirically evaluated. The ER engine mount is then incorporated with a full-vehicle model in order to investigate vibration control performance at the driver's seat position. The governing equation of motion of the full-vehicle model is formulated by considering engine excitation force, followed by designing a skyhook controller to attenuate unwanted vibration. The controller is implemented through a hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS), and control responses such as acceleration level at idle speed are evaluated in the frequency and time domains.     

汽车发动机主动悬置模糊PID控制策略研究

应用模糊控制算法对发动机悬置主动控制系统进行了研究,为主动悬置系统设计了一种混合型模糊PID控制器。系统隔振性能仿真结果表明,采用模糊PID控制的主动悬置可以有效降低发动机振动向车身的传递。     

发动机振动隔离控制技术研究进展

介绍了发动机橡胶悬置、液压悬置、半主动悬置和主动悬置的工作原理,由于被动悬置不能满足运载器减振降噪的要求,半主动悬置和主动悬置已经成为发动机减振降噪发展方向;分析了悬置系统的动力学模型,包括悬置的动力学模型和控制系统的动力学模型;介绍了发动机振动隔离控制中几种主要的控制方法,包括模糊控制、神经网络控制、自适应控制和最优控制等。最后提出了发动机振动隔离控制目前存在的主要问题和发展动向。     

Introducing a new semi-active engine mount using force controlled variable stiffness

This work introduces a new concept in designing semi-active engine mounts. Engine mounts are under continuous development to provide better and more cost-effective engine vibration control. Passive engine mounts do not provide satisfactory solution. Available semi-active and active mounts provide better solutions but they are more complex and expensive. The variable stiffness engine mount (VSEM) is a semi-active engine mount with a simple ON–OFF control strategy. However, unlike available semi-active engine mounts that work based on damping change, the VSEM works based on the static stiffness change by using a new fast response force controlled variable spring. The VSEM is an improved version of the vibration mount introduced by the authors in their previous work. The results showed significant performance improvements over a passive rubber mount. The VSEM also provides better vibration control than a hydromount at idle speed. Low hysteresis and the ability to be modelled by a linear model in low-frequency are the advantages of the VSEM over the vibration isolator introduced earlier and available hydromounts. These specifications facilitate the use of VSEM in the automotive industry, however, further evaluation and developments are needed for this purpose.     

H8 Control Performance of a Full-Vehicle Suspension Featuring Magnetorheological Dampers

Summary This paper presents an investigation of the feedback control performance of a full-vehicle suspension system featuring magnetorheological (MR) dampers. A cylindrical MR damper is designed and manufactured by incorporating a Bingham model of aMR fluid which is commercially available. After evaluating the field-dependent damping characteristics of the MR damper, a full-vehicle suspension system installed with 4 independent MR dampers is constructed and its governing equations of motion which include vertical, pitch and roll motions are derived. A H 8 controller which has inherent robustness against system uncertainties is formulated by treating the sprung mass of the vehicle as uncertain parameter. This is accomplished by adopting the loop shaping design procedure. For the demonstration of a practical feasibility, control performance characteristics for vibration suppression of the proposed MR suspension system are evaluated under various road conditions through the hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) methodology.     

H8 Control Performance of a Full-Vehicle Suspension Featuring Magnetorheological Dampers

Summary This paper presents an investigation of the feedback control performance of a full-vehicle suspension system featuring magnetorheological (MR) dampers. A cylindrical MR damper is designed and manufactured by incorporating a Bingham model of aMR fluid which is commercially available. After evaluating the field-dependent damping characteristics of the MR damper, a full-vehicle suspension system installed with 4 independent MR dampers is constructed and its governing equations of motion which include vertical, pitch and roll motions are derived. A H 8 controller which has inherent robustness against system uncertainties is formulated by treating the sprung mass of the vehicle as uncertain parameter. This is accomplished by adopting the loop shaping design procedure. For the demonstration of a practical feasibility, control performance characteristics for vibration suppression of the proposed MR suspension system are evaluated under various road conditions through the hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) methodology.     

发动机液压悬置低频模型参数识别方法的研究

根据悬置低频振动模型,提出了基于DE算法的发动机液压悬置模型识别方法,由简单的低频正弦激振试验直接估计模型的关键参数值,完成模型的参数识别。基于上述理论和试验相结合的模型识别方法可以代替组件试验,识别结果可直接用于复杂结构悬置元件的动特性预测和整车NVH性能研究。     

电流变液力发动机悬置动态特性研究分析

对电流变液力发动机悬置的结构及工作原理进行了描述,建立了该悬置的力学及数学模型,并利用ADAMS软件对其动态特性进行了仿真研究。通过试验测试了电流变液力悬置的动态特性,并将仿真结果与试验结果进行了比较分析。对比分析结果表明,仿真结果与试验结果比较吻合,从而验证了模型的实用性和可信性。     

Semi-active engine mount design using auxiliary magneto-rheological fluid compliance chamber

Engine mounts are used in the automotive industry to isolate engine and chassis by reducing the noise and vibration imposed from one to the other. This paper describes modelling, simulation and design of a semi-active engine mount that is designed specifically to address the complicated vibration pattern of variable displacement engines (VDE). The ideal isolation for VDE requires the stiffness to be switchable upon cylinder activation/deactivation operating modes. In order to have a modular design, the same hydraulic engine mount components are maintained and a novel auxiliary magneto-rheological (MR) fluid chamber is developed and retrofitted inside the pumping chamber. The new compliance chamber is a controllable pressure regulator, which can effectively alter the dynamic performance of the mount. Switching between different modes happens by turning the electrical current to the MR chamber magnetic coil on and off. A model has been developed for the passive hydraulic mount and then it is extended to include the MR auxiliary chamber as well. A proof-of-concept prototype of the design has been fabricated which validates the mathematical model. The results demonstrate unique capability of the developed semi-active mount to be used for VDE application.     

发动机主动悬置3种控制方法的比较

应用LMS自适应前馈控制、LQR控制和模糊PID控制3种方法对发动机电磁式主动悬置进行研究.在MATLAB/Simulink环境下建立了主动悬置控制系统模型,并以车身垂向加速度为性能指标进行了仿真分析,对比了采用上述3种控制方法时主动悬置的隔振能力、鲁棒性和稳定性.仿真结果表明,在主动悬置的控制上模糊PID控制方法优于其他两种控制方法.     

汽车发动机主动隔振系统自适应控制

对压电作动器与液阻悬置组成的主动控制悬置进行了研究，采用前馈自适应控制对汽车发动机主动隔振系统进行了仿真。结果表明，相对于目前轿车上普遍采用的液阻悬置，主动控制悬置可以大大降低发动机在高速运转时向车身的振动传递，减小车内噪声，提高乘坐舒适性。     

惯性通道—解耦膜式液压悬置动特性分析

本文以Ａｕｄｉ１００轿车总成液压悬罩为例，建立了惯性通道－解耦膜式液压悬的非线；力的非线性力学模型和数学模型，对其原点动特性和跨点动特性进行仿真计算，经与试验结果相比较，二者吻合良好。     

汽车发动机液阻悬置动特性仿真与实验分析

本文总结了发动机悬置系统的隔振要求和常用的悬置元件动特性评价参数，指出了悬置元件为满足高、低频隔振要求而产生的设计上的矛盾和困难。通过激振实验方法测试了液阻悬置元件及其橡胶主簧的动刚度和阻尼特性。对一种轿车动力总成液阻悬置建立了集总参数的力学和数学模型，进行了动特性仿真，并与实验测试结果进行了对比分析，表明该模型对液阻悬置的低频动特性分析很有效，在高频段也可以预测液阻悬置开始发生动态硬化的频率，对于液阻悬置产品的设计和改进具有指导意义。     

Impact technique for measuring global dynamic stiffness of engine mounts

Engine mounts are used for engine vibration isolation. The dynamic performance of the mount depends on the orientation. Measurements of the dynamic properties of engine mounts are usually performed in the axial direction because of the problem related to actuator loading direction and set up costs. Impact technique is developed here to measure the dynamic driving point stiffness and driving point shear stiffness of engine mount in a single setup. The compressive and shear frequency-dependent stiffnesses are obtained in the vertical orientation. A transformation matrix is used to calculate the frequency-dependent stiffnesses and loss factors in other orientations. Three different designs of engine mounts are used to verify the accuracy of the transformation model. The correlation coefficient between calculation and measurement results show R²≥ 0.995 along the X- and Y-axes. For the Z-axis, mounts B and C showed R²≥ 0.95 and mount A 0.687 ≤ R²≤ 0.791.     

基于Matlab／simulink的汽车整车模型非线性仿真

随着汽车动态仿真的发展。产生了不同复杂程度的动力学仿真模型。通过将汽车车身看作是一个刚体,忽略悬置的发动机和驾驶员以及座椅。建立了一个非线性七自由度的立体模型,在正弦路面激励下运用Matlab／simulink软件对汽车整车系统进行仿真计算。仿真结果表明,该模型可能存在混沌现象。     

半主动控制惯性通道式液力悬置开发

介绍了一种惯性通道半主动控制式液力悬置的设计开发。该液力悬置不改变橡胶主簧刚度和液体黏度,随发动机转速变化,由步进电机控制旋转阀的旋转角度,改变惯性通道的工作段(各段具有不同的长度),从而改变液力悬置的动态特性,使发动机—悬置系统的振动传递率最小。装车试验表明,所设计悬置具有较好的宽频带减振隔振性能。     

Model-based design of a variable nozzle turbocharger controller

Variable Nozzle Turbocharger (VNT) was invented to solve the problem of matching an ordinary turbocharger with an engine. VNT can harness exhaust energy more efficiently, enhance intake airflow response and reduce engine emissions, especially during transient operating conditions. The difficulty of VNT control lies in how to regulate the position of the nozzle at different engine working conditions. The control strategy designed in this study is a combination of a closed-loop feedback controller and an open-loop feed-forward controller. The gain-scheduled proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller was implemented as the feedback controller to overcome the nonlinear characteristic. As it is difficult to tune the parameters of the gain-scheduled PID controller on an engine test bench, system identification was used to identify the plant model properties at different working points for a WP10 diesel engine on the test bench. The PID controller parameters were calculated based on the identified first-order-plus-dead-time (FOPDT) plant model. The joint simulation of the controller and the plant model was performed in Matlab/Simulink. The time-domain and frequency-domain performances of the entire system were evaluated. The designed VNT control system was verified with engine tests. The results indicated that the real boosting pressure traced the target boosting pressure well at different working conditions.     

发动机振动传递系统建模及刚度参数影响分析

推导了某类轿车发动机悬置振动系统模型，分析了发动机对车身振动噪声的传递特性，说明该类轿车前梁和副车架是引起噪声放大的主要环节。根据移频减振降噪原理，借助实验优化设计，分析了振动传递系统的六个刚度对抑制振动噪声传递的主次关系。分析说明：降低发动机对轿车的振动噪声最有效的刚度修改措施是调整车前梁与车身联接点的刚度，比直接修改发动机三个悬置点刚度更有效。     

基于 MFXLMS算法的汽车发动机振动主动控制研究

为了降低发动机工作时引起的整车振动,提出了使用多通道滤波x-LMS （MFXLMS） 算法作为主动悬置系统的控制算法。以发动机转速信号作为参考信号,主动悬置安装位置下方的两路加速度信号作为误差信号。根据算法完成试验平台搭建。采用白噪声电压信号作为输入激励,通过 LMS算法离线辨识得到主动悬置到加速度传感器的多路次级通道,在dSPACE上完成实车控制试验。试验结果表明,MFXLMS算法的运用显著降低了发动机不同转速工况下引起的测点加速度响应,提高了整车的乘坐舒适性。     

汽车发动机磁流变悬置隔振效果试验评估

在采用四端参数法对加速度振级落差模型进行理论推导及分析的基础上,提出了以可测量、易操作的加速度振级落差对悬置系统的隔振效果进行试验评估。汽车发动机分别采用橡胶悬置及磁流变悬置,对采集得到的动态激振力数据进行了自功率谱函数估计,对振动加速度数据进行了频谱分析,并根据加速度频谱中二阶主频处的数据对悬置系统进行了评估。结果显示,磁流变悬置不仅被动隔振效果的评估结果优于橡胶悬置,而且发动机低速段采用较大电流、高速段采用小电流的控制策略使得隔振效果更好。