液态硫磺运输船硫磺罐导热油加热系统的研究

针对液态硫磺的物理特性及运输条件,需使用导热油对液态硫磺船硫磺罐内硫磺进行加热。对液态硫磺船导热油加热系统优缺点和型式做了详细的分析,并设计了硫磺罐导热油加热系统,最后提出解决设计中遇到问题的措施,在系统中设置混油桶解决热油锅炉功率选配问题。     

液态硫磺运输船硫磺罐导热油加热系统的研究

针对液态硫磺的物理特性及运输条件,需使用导热油对液态硫磺船硫磺罐内硫磺进行加热。首先对液态硫磺船导热油加热系统优缺点和型式做了详细的分析,并设计了硫磺罐导热油加热系统,最后提出解决设计中遇到问题的措施,通过在系统中设置混油桶来解决热油锅炉功率选配问题。     

液态硫磺运输船热煤油加热系统及罐体保温研究

针对液态硫磺的物理特性及运输条件,使用热煤油加热系统对液态硫磺进行保温、加热.对液态硫磺船加热系统中的硫磺罐保温层、热煤油加热系统做了分析,提出硫磺热煤油加热系统的可行性设计方法、经济保温层的计算公式,阐述了硫磺罐加热盘管设计应注意的问题.     

硫磺船的预研

硫磺船属于一种较特殊的运输船型,目前世界上运输船只和运输船队较少.本文简要介绍了硫磺的市场特点,硫磺船的船型特征、设计要点和开发前景等内容.     

硫磺船的预研

硫磺船属于一种较特殊的运输船型,目前世界上运输船只和运输船队较少。本文简要介绍了硫磺的市场特点,硫磺船的船型特征、设计要点和开发前景等内容。     

硫磺运输船的设计

主要介绍了硫磺运输船的货柜及其维护系统,以及液货系统两个关键技术系统的设计思路和基本方法,力求为专用硫磺船设计提供一种可行的工作思路.     

主机燃油中混入硫磺后的燃烧过程分析及对策

此文分析了硫磺在气缸中的燃烧情况,指出了燃油中含硫磺过高的危害,提出了相关的对策。     

硫磺船改造液货管路设计

硫磺船改造项目中轮机工程重要的工作是罐顶管系的布置,其主要包括液货管路、热空气供给管路、液货舱通风管路以及液货伴热管路。管路布置设计应满足:有能满足罐体窜动的膨胀量;应保证液态硫磺流动顺畅,管路里不要存液;伴热管布置应使得夹套管里充满热油,并循环流动起来,不得有死角。     

小型液态硫磺船的设计

介绍了运输高温液态硫磺船的设计要点,包括货罐布置、固定、绝缘措施等。     

硫磺船罐体制作及安装工艺研究

为保证液态硫磺转运过程中其温度恒定维持在135～145℃之间,以4 070载重吨硫磺运输船为例,对罐体分段制作、分段预装、绝缘保温、吊装定位等进行研究。重点研究了罐体的定位、垫块安装及保温措施,并检验了垫块和货罐底部结构的压实情况。该硫磺船实际运营状况表明：罐体内硫磺温度始终可以维持在140℃左右,且罐体密闭性良好,营运过程中未发生任何泄露。     

Biogeochemistry of sulfur in a sediment core from the west-central Baltic Sea: Evidence from stable isotopes and pyrite textures

The biogeochemistry of the sulfur cycle in a ca. 5-m-long sediment core from the eastern slope (221 m water depth) of the Landsort Deep in the west-central Baltic Sea was investigated by analyzing the solid phase records of sulfur isotopes and pyrite textures, besides selected main and minor elements. The sediments were deposited during post-glacial history of the Baltic Sea when the basin experienced alteration of brackish (Yoldia Sea, Littorina Sea) and freshwater (Baltic Ice Lake, Ancylus Lake) conditions. The stable isotopic composition of total sulfur was analyzed as a function of depth. In selected samples pyrite (FeS₂), greigite (Fe₃S₄), and barite (BaSO₄) fractions were separated for isotope analyses. Pyrite textures were analyzed by SEM and optical microscopy.Microbial reactions associated with the oxidation of organic matter resulted in assemblages of authigenic sulfide minerals which for the post-Ancylus Lake brackish water environment are dominated by pyrite and for freshwater environments by Fe-monosulfides. The sulfur isotopic composition of the brackish water Littorina Sea sediments (δ³⁴S between −40 and −27‰ vs. V-CDT) is believed to be determined by cellular sulfate reduction rates and reactions involving intermediate sulfur species. The availability of reactive iron and decomposable organic matter as well as sedimentation rate and the chemocline position are important variables upon the δ³⁴S values of sulfides in brackish water environment. The syn-depositional abundance of sulfur and organic matter, and transport of dissolved sulfur species vs. rates of microbial reactions determine δ³⁴S in the freshwater sediments. The upper part of the Ancylus Lake sediments is sulfidized by downward diffusing H₂S and/or sulfate from overlying brackish water sediments. Minor concretionary barite formation in the freshwater sediments is most likely due to the reaction of pore water sulfate diffusing downward from brackish water sediments with barium desorbed from freshwater sediments. The size distribution of pyrite framboids in the brackish sediments indicates that the formation mainly occurred from anoxic pore waters, although some pyrite formation in an anoxic water column cannot be excluded.     

一种船用低硫油冷却系统电气控制设计

根据国际公约对燃油含硫量的要求,设计了一种低硫油冷却系统,介绍其组成并具体地分析了电气原理图。此系统已应用于生产实际,性能达到预期效果,有一定的参考价值。     

六氟化硫制备与纯化技术

概述了六氟化硫(SF6)的制备方法———直接化合法,电解法及纯化方法———吸收法和吸附法。通过这些方法,可以得到满足市场需求的SF6产品气体。     

船舶燃油限硫令对机舱设备及系统设计的影响

重点论述国际海事组织颁布的燃油限硫令于2020年1月1日生效后对机舱设备及船厂系统设计的影响,分别针对安装废气清洗系统和不安装废气清洗系统的船舶分析受影响的机舱设备及系统,并对搭载废气清洗系统船舶的试航及取证等展开分析.     

船舶低硫柴油系统设计的分析与优化

就新辟航线首制船“汉亚直达”集装箱船的低硫柴油系统,叙述了船舶低硫柴油系统的设计经验,从当前国内外对船用燃油硫含量的要求、应对方案到船舶低硫柴油冷却方式选择、低硫柴油冷却系统设计、高/低硫柴油转换、使用低硫柴油风险分析及处理等方面进行详细叙述,为业内同行提供参考。     

Governance of Shipping Emission of SOx in China's Coastal Waters: The SECA Policy,Challenges, and Directions

Emission governance of air pollutants from ships is a common challenge for the world's shipping industry. Under the framework of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), Europe, North America, and other developed regions and countries have established strict ship Emission Control Areas (ECAs). With some of the largest ports in the world, China suffers severe air pollution from ships, posing a threat to the air quality and public health of the coastal cities. To strengthen the control and supervision over air pollutants, such as ship-emitted sulfur oxides (SO_x) in coastal areas, China issued a Sulfur Emission Control Area (SECA) policy for ships in January 2016. However, the new SECA policy lags far behind IMO's existing ECA policies, and continues to face many challenges during implementation. This paper outlines the main framework of China's ship SECA policy, analyzes the legal governance basis, discusses major potential challenges for implementing the policy, and puts forward suggestions for future governance. This research aims to promote the effectiveness of China's sulfur emission-reducing SECA policy by putting forth novel ideas for policymakers and stakeholders.     

在航船舶尾气无人机遥测技术研究与应用

为打好船舶大气污染防治攻坚战,落实交通运输部海事局"陆海空天"一体化海事监管体系建设方向,提升我国海洋、内河及环境情况复杂水域中在航船舶尾气监测的自动化水平,研究了小型化的船舶尾气嗅探传感器,利用无人机搭载嗅探传感器实时监测在航船舶尾气中的SO2和CO2浓度,依此反推船舶燃油的硫含量.选择对上海(排放控制区)关键水域的...     

Air pollution impact of maritime shipping operations in the port of Houston

Abstract

Major air pollutants from maritime shipping operations are sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter emissions from combustion of fuel oil during cruise, berth, and start‐up modes. Sulfur oxides emissions are substantial from steamships burning high‐sulfur residual fuel oil, where shipping contributes 66 percent of the total sulfur dioxide emissions from transportation sources, and almost 3 percent of the total for Harris county, Texas. Nitrogen oxides emissions are significant during cruise conditions for both steamships and motor ships, while particulate emissions are substantial during start‐up and tube cleaning.

Significant marine air pollutant emission sources are found in busy harbor areas such as the Houston Ship Channel. Offshore terminals for unloading large tankers may result in emissions of 10 to 20 tons of sulfur oxides daily per ship, and 3 to 5 tons of nitrogen oxides daily per ship during pumping operations. Trace‐metal constituents present in the oil may catalyze sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide oxidation to their respective sulfate and nitrate aerosols in the humid Texas Gulf Coast atmospheres to aggravate photochemical air pollution problems once the air masses reach industrial and populated urban areas on land. Onshore sulfur dioxide and particulate‐matter emission controls may be necessary for some large ships in port to minimize potential impact on coastal zone air quality.