Serret-Frenet框架下的神经滑模船舶路径跟踪控制

针对欠驱动船舶在恒定速度航行下的路径跟踪问题,提出了一种在Serret-Frenet框架下,基于输入输出线性化的神经滑模控制算法.该算法利用Serret-Frenet框架下船舶运动方程的推导形式,将其转换为类似于直线航迹控制的问题,采用神经网络对基于趋近律的滑模控制进行优化,解决了趋近律滑模控制对系统模型的依赖性,提高了控制器的鲁棒性,并设计了状态观测器对控制对象状态进行重构,以解决系统状态量测量误差对控制效果的影响.在无干扰和存在干扰及参数摄动的条件下分别进行了仿真,结果表明该控制律具有良好的跟踪性能.     

带有干扰观测器的欠驱动船舶路径跟踪非线性模型预测控制

针对欠驱动船舶提出了一种非线性路径跟踪控制器,使其能够在风、浪、流等环境干扰下驶入预定的航行路径.欠驱动船舶以恒定前进速度航行,并且其合速度与参考轨迹相切.该控制器的设计使用了解析模型预测控制和干扰观测器技术,其中非线性观测器用来估计环境干扰.在最优路径跟踪控制器的作用下,路径跟踪误差渐近收敛到零.数值仿真结果验证了该控制器的有效性.     

船舶航迹复合预测控制模型

为了提高船舶航行控制质量,建立了船舶航迹复合预测控制模型,依据灰色预测模型处理船舶运动控制的不确定量,利用反传多层感知器自适应网络从船舶航行偏差的历史数据中得出控制偏差趋势,根据灰色预测和神经网络预测的误差大小,进行组合模型优选及组合权系数优化,确定航迹最优控制策略。仿真结果表明:当船舶旋回性指数、船舶追随性指数与滞后时间其中一个大于1时,任何参数的改变均会引起PID振荡,而船舶航迹复合预测控制模型能以较少的操舵动作迅速收敛,从而使船舶航迹与预定航线更加拟合,因此,其控制系统的鲁棒性、快速性和稳定性高。     

船舶运动路径跟踪迭代滑模控制设计

针对欠驱动船舶带有的内部不确定、外界干扰下路径跟踪控制问题,提出基于差分进化算法的自适应迭代滑模跟踪控制方法,以提高控制系统性能.以分离型船舶非线性模型为基础,利用绝对有界的双曲正切函数进行迭代滑模面设计.计算机仿真验证了该方法的可行性.     

基于GPS,ARPA和陀螺罗经信息开发船舶自动避碰模型及其仿真

迄今为止，元人驾驶船舶沿计划航向航行以及与相遇船舶避碰的问题未能令人满意地加以解决．解决该问题的核心在于建立一个既能体现《1972年国际海上避碰规则》的原则，叉符合海员通常做法，且能为航海人员和专家所接受的知识库．文中提出了一个可用于构建这种知识库的“船舶自动避碰模型”，并提出相关算法，对该模型进行编程仿真．分析仿真结果证明了该模型的可行性和有效性．     

船舶航向不对称信息理论与非线性逆推鲁棒控制算法

应用不对称信息理论和鲁棒控制算法简化非线性逆推算法,针对非线性船舶航向保持系统,设计了其Backstepping逆推控制器,由非线性函数项和常规线性控制器组成,将简化的Back-stepping法与闭环增益成形算法相结合,设计其非线性鲁棒控制器。通过非线性鲁棒控制器的控制能够使船舶无超调、无静差地跟踪设定航向,调节时间为600 s,符合船舶航行的实际情况,控制效果良好;当系统增加干扰后,系统的控制输出除了因干扰产生的抖动外,其跟踪性能仍然较好,航向输出无静差,说明控制器具有一定的鲁棒性;是否全部对消非线性项,对其控制效果相差不大,说明当模型发生参数摄动时,系统的控制性能仍能保证。     

LMS算法在船舶航行危险评估中的应用

在分析影响航行安全因素的基础上,将模式识别方法引入到航行危险评估中,并采用LMS算法构建船舶航行危险评估模型。利用问卷调查收集到的影响航行安全的数据,采用可变学习速率的方法,对模型进行训练和验证。结果显示采用LMS算法构建的船舶航行危险评估模型错误率低至0.03。该模型可快速识别船舶航行危险,为驾驶员操船提供参考,对保障航行安全有重要意义。     

浅论内河船舶如何控制安全航速

安全航速是船舶航行安全的保障，文章着重叙述了内河船舶如何控制好安全航速，对我国内河船舶的安全航行具有一定的借鉴意义。     

船舶航向自适应鲁棒PID自动舵设计

利用野本模型作为船舶航向控制系统的模型,在给出船舶航向自动舵传统ＰＩＤ型控制律设计方法的基础上,考虑到船舶航向控制系统模型中存在参数不确定性和外界干扰不确定性,建立含有不确定性项的船舶航向误差控制系统的状态方程,提出了船舶航向自适应鲁棒ＰＩＤ控制律算法,利用Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ理论证明了所提出算法的稳定性,并且Ｍａｔｌａｂ Ｓｉｍｕｌｉｎｋ工具箱进行仿真研究。     

船舶航行安全影响因素量化分析

为了保障海上船舶航行安全,采用构建船舶航行安全影响因素鱼骨图,利用模糊层次分析法对环境条件、交通调查中船舶行为基本要素进行量化分析.运用交通模型研究不同自然环境条件下的船舶安全航行方法的特点,对基于海上船舶密度、航迹分布、交通流、交通量和船速分布、船舶到达规律、交通容量、船舶行为、船舶管理等基本要素,进行数学方法的定量分析.通过评价法对评判系统进行综合评价,总结出自然条件和海上交通调查因素影响最甚等,各因素对船舶航行安全影响程度的结论.研究结果表明:根据评价结果对系统进行调整,完善安全措施对船舶航行安全具有重要借鉴意义.     

Path following control of underactuated ships based on unscented Kalman filter

A path following controller is proposed to force an underactuated surface ship which is suffering from disturbance to follow a predefined path.The controller is based on analytic model predictive control and unscented Kalman filter(UKF) techniques.The analytic model predictive control provides a systematic method to get appropriate controller parameters to guarantee the stability of the closed-loop system,and the well-defined relative degree is guaranteed by introducing output-redefinition.The UKF is used t...     

Nonlinear pitch control of an underwater glider based on adaptive backstepping approach

Underwater gliders are highly efficient and long-ranged autonomous underwater vehicles. The typical dynamic modeling in the vertical plane is of multi-input multi-output(MIMO), which is underactuated while easily affected by the ambient environment. To resolve the problems of MIMO, the dynamic model is transformed into a single-input single-output(SISO) system with two dubious parameters, and an adaptive backstepping controller is designed and applied in this paper. A Lyapunov function has been established with the total energy of the system converged in the controller. Contrast result of simulation has demonstrated that the derived nonlinear controller has higher tracking precision and faster response than the proportional-integral-derivative(PID) control method,which indicates its excellent capability to deal with the controlling problems of underwater gliders.     

欠驱动船舶非线性滑模靠泊控制器

为了准确控制典型靠泊操纵,分析了带有加速度非完整约束的欠驱动水面船舶的自动靠泊问题,设计了动态输出反馈控制器。利用递归分解迭代设计方法,在扩展状态空间定义了非线性滑模,将控制系统的轨迹设计与跟踪问题转化为标量零阶系统的镇定控制问题,结合增量反馈技术,无需对不确定模型参数以及风、流干扰进行估计,完成典型靠泊操纵的自动控制。仿真结果表明:控制器对干扰变化不敏感,具有强的鲁棒性,且船舶平面运动轨迹设计过程简单,可以仅通过一个参数进行轨迹调节。     

Nonlinear control for autonomous underwater glider motion based on inverse system method

Autonomous underwater gliders are highly efficient, buoyancy-driven, winged autonomous underwater vehicles. Their dynamics are multivariable nonlinear systems. In addition, the gliders are underactuated and difficult to maneuver, and also dependent on their operational environment. To confront these problems and to design an effective controller, the inverse system method was used to decouple the original system into two independent single variable linear subsystems. The stability of the zero dynamics was analyzed, and an additional closed-loop controller for each linear subsystem was designed by sliding mode control method to form a type of composite controller. Simulation results demonstrate that the derived nonlinear controller is able to cope with the aforementioned problems simultaneously and satisfactorily.     

Adaptive path following controller of underactuated ships using serret-frenet frame

This paper presents an adaptive path following control law to steer underactuated ships along a predefined path at a constant forward speed with uncertain parameters due to changes of added mass matrices. The proposed controller is based on analytic model predictive control and model reference adaptive control. The Serret-Frenet frame is used to describe the ship dynamics. The analytic model predictive control provides a systematic method rather than try-and-error method to get appropriate control parameters to guarantee the stability of the closed-loop system, and the well-defined relative degree is guaranteed by introducing output-redefinition. An identification algorithm based on model reference adaptive control is used to identify the uncertain parameters. Numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the validity of the proposed control law.     

Impulse Controller Design of a Harmonic Drive System with Friction

A friction model was established for impulse control design in a precision control system.First,the physical characteristics of the impulse in momentum,such as motion and energy,were analyzed and formulated.Then,experimental response to a new pulse with two harmonic expansions was studied.The first harmonic is the main pulse to drive the arm,and the second harmonic has two functions:its first half helps the main pulse eliminate the dead zone,and its second half,a negative pulse,stops the arm motion quickly.Finally,an impulse feedback controller was developed.Comparison between simulation and experiments shows the effectiveness of the proposed controller.     

船舶航迹迭代非线性滑模增量反馈控制算法

分析了带有状态变量及控制输入约束条件的欠驱动船舶航迹控制问题,结合增量反馈技术,对控制系统输出进行动态非线性滑动模态分解迭代设计,提出了一种基于分解迭代非线性滑模的船舶航迹增量反馈控制方法,以避免定常干扰引起的稳态误差及变结构控制的抖振问题,无需对不确定风、流干扰以及模型参数进行估计,能够同时稳定船舶的航向和航迹。应用“育龙”轮的系统模型进行了仿真,结果表明,控制器对系统参数摄动及外界干扰不敏感,具有强的鲁棒性,且其设计参数物理意义明显,易于调节。     

遗传算法用于控制器参数的满意优化

对于控制器参数的多指标优化问题，提出了一种新型优化设计方法。通过分别设计的各个性能指标的满意度函数，反映出各性能指标对控制系统的具体要求；并用综合满意度函数的设计，反映出对控制目标的综合要求。由此给出了一种优化模型。应用遗传算法自动搜索，实现控制器参烽的优化。仿真实验效果良好，表明了本文方法的灵活实用性。     

ROBUST CONTROL WITH COVARIANCE CONSTRAINT FOR UNCERTAIN SAMPLED-DATA FEEDBACK CONTROL SYSTEMS

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