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[目的]旨在研究拍动式胸鳍沿翼展方向结构设计刚度对其水动力性能的影响。[方法]提出一种柔性仿生胸鳍的非均匀展向刚度设计方法。通过搭建的胸鳍水动力性能实验平台,测试0.3~1.0 Hz驱动频率下不同展向刚度仿生胸鳍拍动时产生的平均推进力与平均侧向力,并结合高速摄像机采集的胸鳍运动图像序列,分析仿生胸鳍展向变形对其产生推进力的影响。[结果]实验结果表明,在测试的拍动频率范围内,柔性仿生胸鳍产生的平均推进力及平均侧向力均与鳍条的展向刚度大小及分布情况相关。通过优化机器鱼样机(XJmanta)柔性仿生胸鳍的展向刚度可使其最大游动速度提升约45%。[结论]研究成果可用于指导拍动式柔性仿生胸鳍的设计,优化胸鳍输出水动力性能,提升仿生机器鱼本体游动时的机动性。 相似文献
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针对目前开发的仿生鱼鳍驱动方式及其功能单一等不足,提出一种电机-智能材料复合型仿生鳍。首先介绍仿生鳍机构原理及设计思路,对仿生鳍单元的运动关系进行建模;结合动力学仿真软件分析不同曲柄长度时鳍条运动角位移、角速度和角加速度随时间的变化情况;最后试验测试仿生鳍推进器的平均推进速度和平均推进力随鳍条运动频率的变化情况,并比较分析相同运动学参数下鳍条摆幅从根部至端部逐渐增大运动模式和鳍条摆幅从根部至端部等幅运动模式推进性能的差异。该研究充分利用机电系统响应速度快和驱动力大的优势,结合智能材料形状记忆合金功重比高和柔性驱动等优点,使仿生鳍不仅实现了两种驱动方式上的融合,而且通过仿生鳍的多种运动方式(波动、摆动以及复杂三维柔性运动),满足了巡游、转弯以及稳定性调节等多种需求。 相似文献
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设计开发一种以胸鳍作为动力推进系统的仿生机器鱼.该仿生鱼具有效率高、机动性好、噪音低,对环境扰动小的优点,并能利用柔性胸鳍摆动方式实现推进及水平面内的机动运动.所设计的仿生机器鱼具有一定的工程应用价值. 相似文献
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为证实一种新型两栖驱动机构合理,并为之后研究提供基础,通过运用有限体积法,将柔性三维薄板视为仿生鳍鳍进行模拟分析,在水下环境中具体研究了振幅、周期等参数对仿生鳍运动的影响并分析推进原理,发现仿生鳍运动模式与马陆倍足运动方式基本一致。陆地上的研究通过建立运动学、动力学方程进行分析。结果表明,在水下仿生鳍单参数变量为振幅时主要影响运动的最大速度,与速度呈正比关系;为周期时影响加速度,与之呈正比关系;而推进效果是由仿生鳍两侧高、低压中心产生的正压梯度所提供。在陆地上仿生鳍的约束力足以提供运动所需驱动摩擦力,从而证明仿生鳍不仅可在水中进行巡游,而且通过调整结构姿态可实现在陆地的运动,由一套驱动机构实现了两栖运动功能。 相似文献
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以线翎电鳗为仿生对象,设计一款鳍条驱动的波动长鳍,建立其运动学模型,采用SST k-ω湍流模型对三维非定常不可压缩流体的N-S方程进行求解,研究波动鳍的水动特性并分析波动鳍摆动角度、摆动频率等运动参数对波动鳍推进性能的影响。针对波动鳍需要经常贴近水底工作的情况,研究波动鳍与底面距离的变化对推进性能的影响。研究表明:在波动鳍运动时,鳍面两侧形成较为明显的反卡门涡街,从而在波动鳍的尾部形成一股射流,产生向前的推力;波动鳍的推力和横向力都随着摆动角度、摆动频率的增加而增加,但在一个时间周期内,推力的波动次数大约是横向力的2倍;波动鳍与底面距离的变化对波动鳍的推力影响很小,但当波动鳍与底面距离小于波动鳍宽度的1/5时,波动鳍的横向力明显增大。通过试验验证了数值模拟结果的正确性与合理性,该研究可为高性能波动鳍推进器的设计提供理论依据。 相似文献
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设计了一种二自由度胸鳍/尾鳍协同推进的仿生机器鳕鱼,其胸鳍推进机构不仅能够单独实现前后拍翼运动、摇翼运动以及两者的复合运动,而且还可与尾鳍实现协同推进,进而分别建立了胸鳍单独推进、胸鳍/尾鳍协同推进时的水动力学模型。数值仿真及实验结果均表明,胸鳍复合运动与尾鳍协同推进时,仿生机器鱼游速最快,可达0.30 m/s,胸鳍摇翼运动推进时游速最低,仅为0.05 m/s,其他推进方式的游速介于二者之间,但均能够实现稳定的游动。与现有结果相比,所设计仿生机器鱼直线游动模态多样,稳定游速可选范围较宽,机动性较好。 相似文献
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介绍一种以蝠鲼为原型,采用软体驱动的水下扑翼结构机器鱼,在该机器鱼上布置多个驱动单元,实现灵活的仿生运动。对软体驱动器不同结构参数进行仿真对比,得出最优结构并获得运动学模型;结合动网格技术,在仿真环境下获得翼型在二维平面内大变形运动的升力特性,并分析不同驱动器在驱动频率影响下的运动特性。仿真计算结果表明:采用半圆形截面、径厚比为0.8~1.4的驱动器结构可在较低的气压下产生大范围的弯曲运动,且具有较小的径向膨胀变形,基本上不影响运动结构的水动力特性;通过调整不同位置驱动器的充气间隔频率,可使胸鳍前后缘结构具有不同的偏转角度,从而获得较好的升力特性,对应0.5 Hz下的胸鳍结构在不同工况下具有较好的升力表现;调整驱动频率对应扑翼运动频率,使胸鳍产生周期性的推力变化,伴随驱动频率提高,幅值变化增大。 相似文献
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Naomi Kato 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》1998,3(3):113-121
The objectives of this study were the development of a new device for maneuvering an underwater vehicle using the mechanism
of a fish swimming, an experimental and theoretical analysis of the hydrodynamic characteristics of the device, and its application
to maneuvering a fish robot. Observations and experimental analysis of the pectoral fins of a black bass (Micropterus salmoides) revealed that the locomotion of the fish, such as swimming forward at low speed, swimming backward, and turning in a horizontal
plane is generated by using a combination of a feathering motion and a lead-lag motion of the pectoral fins. A mechanical
pectoral fin making a feathering motion and a lead-lag motion generates a thrust force in a range of phase differences between
both motions. The unsteady vortex lattice method, including the effect of viscosity, can express fairly well the unsteady
forces acting on the mechanical pectoral fin in the range of phase differences where it exerts the thrust force. The fish
robot, consisting of a model fish body and a pair of mechanical pectoral fins, can not only swim forward and turn in almost
the same position, but can also swim in a lateral direction without changing the yaw angle.
Translation of an article that appeared in the Journal of The Society of Naval Architects of Japan, vol. 182 (1997): The original
article won the SNAJ prize, which is awarded annually to the best papers selected from the SNAJ Journal, JMST, or other quality
journals in the field of naval architecture and ocean engineering. 相似文献
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Abhra Roy Chowdhury Wang Xue Manasa Ranjan Behera S. K. Panda 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2016,21(1):102-114
This paper investigates the hydrodynamic characteristics of the rectilinear motion of a robotic fish underwater vehicle. This 2-joint, 3-link multibody vehicle model is biologically inspired by a body caudal fin carangiform fish propulsion mechanism. Navier–Stokes equations are used to compute the unsteady flow fields generated due to the interaction between the vehicle and the surrounding incompressible and Newtonian fluid (water) environment. The NACA 0014 airfoil aerodynamic profile has been designed to boost the swimming efficiency by reducing drag as the vehicle undergoes an undulatory/oscillatory motion. Using the Lighthill slender body model, a traveling wave mathematical function is defined to undulate the robotic fish posterior (caudal) region while the motion tracking is carried out by dynamic meshing technique. The results obtained show that though the net lift force approaches to zero, the net thrust or negative drag coefficient maintains a finite value dependent on kinematic parameters like tail beat frequency (TBF) and amplitude span (AS) at a given propulsive wavelength and the forward velocity of the vehicle. The results reveal the effects of TBF and AS on the coefficient of drag friction and the thrust force. Drag coefficients obtained from the simulations are compared and validated with the experimental results. The hydrodynamic results are found to be similar to the kinematic study results and suggest that TBF and AS play the most effective roles in the bioinspired propulsion technique. Relation of these parameters with propelling thrust force and forward velocity is also in conjunction over a given range of TBF and AS values. 相似文献
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针对小型水下航行器开展了系统方案设计,系统主要包括中央主体模块、胸鳍模块、尾部推进模块及控制模块。选用可编程序控制器(PLC)实施运动控制,完成了模型制作,编写了控制程序,并进行了初步的模型试验,探讨了仿生水下航行器运动的基本性能。 相似文献
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本文设计了一种具有仿生尾鳍的水下滑翔机器人混合驱动机构,通过内部质量块的平移、旋转、仿生尾鳍的偏置以及外部皮囊的伸缩可实现滑翔机器人的小半径三维螺旋运动。同时,建立了水下滑翔机器鱼的水动力学模型,得到了稳态螺旋运动方程,给出了俯仰调节机构质心位置、尾鳍角、横滚调节机构质心旋转角与转弯半径和垂直速度之间的关系,以及每种稳态螺旋运动所对应的输出变量初值的取值范围。所得结果表明,在俯仰调节、浮力调节、横滚调节和尾鳍驱动的共同作用下,水下滑翔机器鱼可以获得更小的转弯半径,因而机动性更好。所设计的水下滑翔机器鱼在河流和湖泊等环境的水质监测、水下柱形区域取样等领域具有潜在的应用价值。 相似文献
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CFD理论黏性流场中三维振动水翼的非定常水动力性能(英文) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The motion of the fins and control surfaces of underwater vehicles in a fluid is an interesting and challenging research subject.
Typically the effect of fin oscillations on the fluid flow around such a body is highly unsteady, generating vortices and
requiring detailed analysis of fluid-structure interactions. An understanding of the complexities of such flows is of interest
to engineers developing vehicles capable of high dynamic performance in their propulsion and maneuvering. In the present study,
a CFD based RANS simulation of a 3-D fin body moving in a viscous fluid was developed. It investigated hydrodynamic performance
by evaluating the hydrodynamic coefficients (lift, drag and moment) at two different oscillating frequencies. A parametric
analysis of the factors that affect the hydrodynamic performance of the fin body was done, along with a comparison of results
from experiments. The results of the simulation were found in close agreement with experimental results and this validated
the simulation as an effective tool for evaluation of the unsteady hydrodynamic coefficients of 3-D fins. This work can be
further be used for analysis of the stability and maneuverability of fin actuated underwater vehicles. 相似文献