基于细长体理论的小水线面双体船操纵性预报

小水线面双体船(SWATH)由于具有良好的船舶快速性、耐波性、稳性和效率高等特点,已经成为新船型的代表。根据小水线面双体船的船型结构特点,在操纵运动数学模型的基础上,充分考虑小水线面船的结构特点和双体、双桨、双舵之间水动力的相互影响,采用细长体理论计算了附加质量、附加惯性矩和线性水动力导数,编制了双体船操纵运动预报程序,并结合实例对SWATH的操纵性能进行了预报。     

小水线面船水动力特性试验研究

从受力分析出发,作了5条小水线面双体船约束模型水动力试验研究,并与拖曳船模试验结果作了比较,两者之间有较好的一致性。根据试验结果,分析了在约束情况下的小水线面双体船的水动力特性,认为约束船模试验是从船舶水动力特点去研究中低速下小水线面双体船的航行姿态和稳定性能的一种有效手段。并可为小水线面双体船的3维流体力学理论计算,性能预报模型提供验证,修正基础依据。文章并提供了一种依据试验方法去确定小水线面双体船姿态控制鳍面积的方法。     

小水线面双体船耐波性预报

采用Choung M.Lee改进的切片理论及其公式,编制小水线面双体船耐波性预报软件.该软件可用于在各种波向角时,对不同航速小水线面双体船匀速航行中的运动响应进行预报,包括在规则波或不规则波中的垂荡、纵摇、横荡、横摇、首摇幅值预报,以及其它耐波性统计特性预报.利用本预报软件对某型试验船的耐波性能进行了计算,并与试验结果进行了比较分析,计算结果符合小水线面双体船的耐波性规律.本预报方法可为小水线面双体船的船型设计和稳定鳍选择提供耐波性方面的理论依据.     

小水线面双体船耐波性预报

采用Choung M．Lee改进的切片理论及其公式，编制小水线面双体船耐波性预报软件。该软件可用于在各种波向角时，对不同航速小水线面双体船匀速航行中的运动响应进行预报，包括在规则波或不规则波中的垂荡、纵摇、横荡、横摇、首摇幅值预报，以及其它耐波性统计特性预报。利用本预报软件对某型试验船的耐波性能进行了计算，并与试验结果进行了比较分析，计算结果符合小水线面双体船的耐波性规律。本预报方法可为小水线面双体船的船型设计和稳定鳍选择提供耐波性方面的理论依据。     

小水线面双体船四自由度操纵运动建模

小水线面双体船由于具有良好的快速性、耐波性、稳性和效率高等特点,已成为新船型的代表。本文根据小水线面双体船的船型结构特点,在三自由度操纵运动数学模型的基础上,提出了考虑横倾的小水线面双体船四自由度MMG操纵运动方程,并对运动方程的参数求取做了详细探讨,在Matlab下完成了小水线面双体船的四自由度操纵运动仿真模拟。结果表明了本文模型的有效性。     

小水线面双体船纵向航态与阻力特性的CFD分析

文章基于重叠网格技术,采用RANS方法,对2500T级小水线面双体船(带首尾鳍)的阻力与纵向航态进行了数值计算,并与模型试验结果进行了比较分析,结果表明文中采用的数值方法能够有效预报小水线面双体船的阻力,模拟其航行姿态。此外,分别对计及航态与不计及航态时的阻力计算结果进行了比较,分析了航行姿态对小水线面双体船阻力性能的影响。     

小水线面双体船性能初探

小水线面双体船因其优异的耐波性能而成为当前重要的高性能船型之一。本文概述了小水线面双体船的发展进程和国内外的研究状况,重点分析了小水线面双体船在快速性、耐波性等水动力性能和结构设计上的特点,以期能给我国高性能船型尤其是小水线面双体船的开发提供参考。     

片体间距对SWATH船横向波浪载荷的影响

小水线面双体船独特的片体结构使横向波浪载荷成为其最危险的波浪载荷。在小水线面双体船设计初期,片体间距的确定十分重要。本文根据工程中某小水线面双体船的相关资料,对其正常装载状态、满载状态和最大排水状态3种装载状态进行波浪载荷预报。采用三维频域计算方法,对不同片体间距的小水线面双体船进行波浪载荷预报,给出各横向波浪载荷分量的RAO值和长短期预报值,并将波浪载荷的长期预报值与ABS和CCS中载荷的规范值进行比较。通过比较不同片体间距小水线面双体船的载荷预报值,得到小水线面双体船片体间距对其波浪载荷的影响特性,为小水线面双体船的初步设计提供依据。     

片体间距对SWATH船横向波浪载荷的影响

小水线面双体船独特的片体结构使横向波浪载荷成为其最危险的波浪载荷.在小水线面双体船设计初期,片体间距的确定十分重要.本文根据工程中某小水线面双体船的相关资料,对其正常装载状态、满载状态和最大排水状态3种装载状态进行波浪载荷预报.采用三维频域计算方法,对不同片体间距的小水线面双体船进行波浪载荷预报,给出各横向波浪载荷分量的RAO值和长短期预报值,并将波浪载荷的长期预报值与ABS和CCS中载荷的规范值进行比较.通过比较不同片体间距小水线面双体船的载荷预报值,得到小水线面双体船片体间距对其波浪载荷的影响特性,为小水线面双体船的初步设计提供依据.     

基于CFD的内河船深浅水中操纵性预报

由于岸壁效应和浅水效应,内河船舶在限制水域作操纵运动时通常受到比在开阔水域中更大的水动力.这些水动力对船舶操纵性具有不利影响,有可能导致船舶碰撞或触底等海上事故.因此,为了在船舶设计阶段预报其操纵性能,考虑浅水效应和岸壁效应以准确计算内河船舶操纵运动水动力非常重要.本文基于CFD方法,通过对粘性绕流进行数值模拟,对长江中营运的三艘内河船舶的操纵运动水动力进行计算.首先,为了验证数值方法的可靠性,对标模KVLCC2纯横荡和纯首摇试验的水动力进行计算,并将计算结果与现有的试验数据进行对比.然后,对三艘内河船舶在不同水深下的静舵试验、纯横荡和纯首摇试验进行数值模拟,计算得到水动力及相应的线性水动力导数.最后,基于计算得到的水动力导数,获得Nomoto模型中的操纵性参数,对比分析三艘内河船舶在深浅水中的操纵性能.结果表明,本文方法可以揭示不同水深下三艘内河船舶的操纵性变化趋势.该方法可为船舶设计阶段内河船舶深浅水中的操纵性预报提供一种实用的工具.     

操纵运动船舶的水动力计算研究

以船舶操纵水动力预报为研究背景,通过对商用计算流体力学软件FLUENT的二次开发,采用其动网格技术以及后处理系统,对大型船舶操纵水动力导数进行了数值计算.船体按照斜航、不同舵角、纯横荡和纯首摇等状态做运动,得出随船坐标系下作用于其上的水动力及力矩.通过进行基于最小二乘法的曲线拟合,最终求得船舶操纵水动力导数.计算结果与势流理论计算结果一致,表明了所提出的计算方法适用于复杂船舶运动的水动力导数计算.     

船舶操纵水动力导数的数值求解及敏感度分析

[目的]为了兼顾船舶操纵运动预报的成本与精度,基于数值计算方法,结合水动力导数敏感度分析,提出一种船舶操纵运动预报方法.[方法]首先,求解RANS方程,应用流体体积(VOF)法捕捉自由液面,采用动态网格方法对DTMB 5415船型进行约束运动的数值计算,并将回归得到的线性水动力导数与试验值进行对比,验证数值方案的有效性...     

Prediction method of hydrodynamic forces acting on the hull of a blunt-body ship in the even keel condition

The mathematical modeling group (MMG) model is well known and is widely used in the field of ship maneuverability. However, the MMG model can be applied only after determination of the hydrodynamic coefficients either from comprehensive captive model tests or from general empirical data. Around the cruising speed, when a ship's drift angle is relatively small, several methods have been developed to predict hydrodynamic coefficients from the ship's principal particulars, e.g., Kijima's method. Kijima's method is efficient in predicting the ship's maneuverability at the initial design stage and is even able to assess the effect of changes in stern design. Similarly, for the low speed range when a ship's drift angle is relatively large, several methods for predicting the ship's hydrodynamic coefficients have been proposed, based on captive model tests, such as those by Kose, Kobayashi, and Yumuro. However, most of the methods developed for low speeds cannot be applied to general ship types without additional experiments being performed. In contrast, Karasuno's method uses theoretical and empirical approaches to predict the hydrodynamic forces, even for large drift motions. Although Karasuno's model utilizes the ship's principal particulars and is applicable to a general vessel, it has not been widely used. This is because the form of Karasuno's model is relatively complicated and its accuracy around the cruising speed is less than that for other methods that have been specifically developed for the cruising speed range. A practical method for predicting hydrodynamic forces for the entire operating speed range of blunt-body ships is proposed in this article. It is based on the MMG model and predicts hydrodynamic coefficients based on a ship's principal particulars. A regression model for the proposed method has also been proposed by analyzing 21 different blunt-body ships. Finally, simulations of a very large 4-m crude carrier (VLCC) model using the proposed method were carried out and the results compared with free-running experiments (both at the cruising speed and at low speeds) to validate the efficacy of the model.     

基于CFD方法求取供应船位置水动力导数回归公式

以动力定位船为研究对象,通过船型变换生成供应船的系列船型。基于CFD数值模拟约束模平面运动机构（PMM）试验中的斜拖试验,得到系列船型在不同漂角时所受的横向力和转艏力矩,经最小二乘法拟合求得各船型的位置水动力导数。在此基础上,通过多元回归,得到位置水动力导数关于船型参数的回归公式,以为设计阶段动力定位船位置水动力导数的确定提供简便的方法。     

小水线面双体船波浪载荷水弹性分析

三维水弹性力学将结构分析的有限元方法与围绕柔性体的势流理论结合起来,为在波浪中航行或驻立的复杂结构的运动和内力分析提供了一个流固耦合的统一分析方法,也为小水线面双体船的分析提供了有效的分析工具.文中将水弹性力学方法和谱分析方法相结合,对1 100吨SWATH船进行波浪载荷预报,并将计算结果与水池模型试验数据及国外相关资料进行了对比,说明了水弹性分析方法对于SWATH设计的合理性.     

SWATH船运动中断分析和减横摇控制器设计

针对SWATH船实航时产生的水平筛动问题,研究由横荡、横摇和艏摇的耦合运动产生的船舶运动中断(MII),提出设计SWATH船稳定鳍减横摇控制器,减小MII。通过理论分析MII产生原因和SWATH船稳定鳍工作时产生减摇作用的力和力矩特性,验证利用稳定鳍减小SWATH船横摇运动,抑制MII的可行性。在保证SWATH船升沉和纵摇运动的基础上,设计稳定鳍减横摇控制器,减小SWATH船横摇。仿真结果表明,控制器使SWATH具有良好的纵向运动性能,有效减小了横摇运动,抑制MII。     

（1. Shanghai Representative Office of Military in Underwater Acoustic Navigation System,Shanghai 200032, China;2. Shanghai Acoustics Laboratory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032, China）舷侧艏锚锚链摩擦外板问题分析

某型小水线面双体船采用舷侧出锚,在开放海域内抛锚后,船体随风浪漂移,从而引发锚链与船体外板摩擦。文中利用悬链线方程并结合图示详细分析了此类问题的起因,分析得出最优解决方案,从而有效避免后期类似问题的发生,较好地提高了船舶使用性能。     

URANS simulations of static and dynamic maneuvering for surface combatant: part 1. Verification and validation for forces, moment, and hydrodynamic derivatives

Part 1 of this two-part paper presents the verification and validation results of forces and moment coefficients, hydrodynamic derivatives, and reconstructions of forces and moment coefficients from resultant hydrodynamic derivatives for a surface combatant Model 5415 bare hull under static and dynamic planar motion mechanism simulations. Unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) computations are carried out by a general purpose URANS/detached eddy simulation research code CFDShip-Iowa Ver. 4. The objective of this research is to investigate the capability of the code in regards to the computational fluid dynamics based maneuvering prediction method. In the current study, the ship is subjected to static drift, steady turn, pure sway, pure yaw, and combined yaw and drift motions at Froude number 0.28. The results are analyzed in view of: (1) the verification for iterative, grid, and time-step convergence along with assessment of overall numerical uncertainty; and (2) validations for forces and moment coefficients, hydrodynamic derivatives, and reconstruction of forces and moment coefficients from resultant hydrodynamic derivatives together with the available experimental data. Part 2 provides the validation for flow features with the experimental data as well as investigations for flow physics, e.g., flow separation, three dimensional vortical structure, and reconstructed local flows.     

Modeling of ship maneuvering motion using neural networks

In this paper, Neural Networks (NNs) are used in the modeling of ship maneuvering motion. A nonlinear response model and a linear hydrodynamic model of ship maneuvering motion are also investigated. The maneuverability indices and linear non-dimensional hydrodynamic derivatives in the models are identified by using two-layer feed forward NNs. The stability of parametric estimation is confirmed. Then, the ship maneuvering motion is predicted based on the obtained models. A comparison between the predicted results and the model test results demonstrates the validity of the proposed modeling method.