考虑不同管土作用模型的海底多跨管道动力特性

当前,海底多跨管道涡激振动分析多将管土段简化为固支或简支边界.针对此问题,采用3种更为复杂的土体模型,研究对比不同管土作用对多跨管道涡激振动特性的影响.采用尾流振子模型模拟流-固耦合作用,构建考虑流-固-土多场耦合的悬跨管道涡激振动预报模型,分析不同土体模型下的管道动力学规律.研究结果表明:不同的管土模型会对管道振动产生不同程度的影响,且管土非线性作用会明显制约管道的振动特征,使最大位移幅值和局部应变等发生改变.     

海底悬跨管道在内流影响下的动力响应研究

海底管道是海洋油气工程的重要组成部分.如何保障海底管道的安全是设计和研究人员十分关心的问题之一.本文结合工程实际情况,应用有限元数值模型的耦合计算探讨了内流对海底悬跨管道动力响应的影响.针对水平输油悬跨管道,采用三维弹性动力学方程模拟管道,内部流体采用层流模型.通过在流固边界上反复迭代,进行管道及其内部流体系统的三维流固全耦合计算,得到管流耦合系统的固有频率,并与其它频率计算方法的计算结果进行了比较.同时对冲击载荷和波浪载荷作用下,不同流速内流对海底管道动力响应的影响进行了计算和比较分析.     

L型输流弯管自由模态分析

给出了直管在轴向和横向振动的传递矩阵,给出弯曲管道离散模型的节点传递矩阵,推导了在直管与弯管过渡区域的无因次化矩阵.分别计算了末端自由和固定2种边界条件下的输流弯曲管道模态,并与有限元方法计算结果相比较.结果表明,传递矩阵法能有效计算输流管道系统模态,同时流固耦合作用对输流管路模态影响较大,计算时不容忽视.     

基于谱单元法的船用输流管道振动建模与分析

输流管道的耦合振动分析对于船舶通液管路的振动预报和减振降噪具有重要的研究意义。基于Timoshenko梁模型,考虑了流体与管壁间的相互作用,利用Hamilton原理及流体的连续方程、动量方程,构建了三维输流管道动力学模型。然后运用谱单元法求解和组装管道单元,适用于任意边界条件及任意长度的管系结构。通过算例验证了该计算方法的正确性,还分析了轴向预拉力、弹性支撑边界对于输流管道稳定性的影响。与有限元软件计算及试验结果的比较显示了该计算方法的准确性和较高的计算效率。     

FPSO串靠外输作业水动力耦合响应分析

FPSO与穿梭油轮串靠外输作业时两船体之间的相互作用较为复杂,基于多体水动力学方法对两浮体的运动响应进行分析.应用水动力学软件ANSYS-AQWA建立耦合响应分析模型,计算单点系泊FPSO与穿梭油轮之间的水动力影响.通过时域分析得到不同风浪流组合工况下系泊锚链与浮体之间系泊大缆的张力变化曲线,分析张力及大缆的变化特性,为串靠外输作业提供参考依据.     

非线性管土耦合条件下悬跨管道涡激振动响应时域预报

海底悬跨管道与海床耦合呈现高度非线性,使得发展一种时域预报方法成为需要.文章运用有限元法对输液张紧悬跨管道进行空间离散,并应用Facchinetti等改进的尾流振子模型和切片假定模拟每个有限单元上的涡激振动水动力,发展了一种悬跨管道-海床-流场多场耦合的非线性时域预报方法.在合理选取尾流振子模型附加水动力阻尼参数的基础上,时域预报了线性、理想塑性和张力截断弹簧模型下悬跨管道的涡激振动响应.研究结果表明,基于尾流振子的时域预报方法能够合理地描述非线性管土耦合边界下VIV响应;非线性边界条件下,锁定产生的最大响应幅值低于线性结果.     

基于ANSYS的输流管道流固耦合特性分析

应用有限元分析软件ANSYS对输流管道在不同约束条件下进行流固耦合动力学模拟计算和模态分析,得到输流管道在不同约束方式下管壁特征点径向位移、应力与固支点反作用力历程图、固有频率及振型,计算结果对优化管道系统和维护管道系统运行有一定的指导意义。     

三类边界条件下隔水套管涡激非线性振动的分析研究

考虑流及波流联合作用,研究了套管的涡激非线性振动.将套管简化为梁模型,考虑3类不同的边界条件,计及莫里森非线性流体动力和涡激荷载,建立套管的涡激振动方程.应用克雷洛夫函数求解套管的固有频率和模态,采用了计算涡激非线性动力响应的迦辽金方法.以东海勘探3号钻井隔水套管为例,研究了不同边界条件下流引起的主共振和波流联合引起的组合共振.计算结果表明:流对套管的动力响应占主导地位,而波的影响不大.分析了3类不同边界条件下隔水套管的涡激非线性动力响应,揭示了波流联合激励下套管复杂的动力响应特性.     

三类边界条件下隔水套管涡激非线性振动的比较分析

考虑流及波流联合作用,研究了套管的涡激非线性振动.将套管简化为梁模型,考虑3类不同的边界条件,计及莫里森非线性流体动力和涡激荷载,建立套管的涡激振动方程.应用克雷洛夫函数求解套管的固有频率和模态,采用了计算涡激非线性动力响应的迦辽金方法.以东海勘探3号钻井隔水套管为例,研究了不同边界条件下流引起的主共振和波流联合引起的组合共振.计算结果表明：流对套管的动力响应占主导地位,而波的影响不大.分析了3类不同边界条件下隔水套管的涡激非线性动力响应,揭示了波流联合激励下套管复杂的动力响应特性.     

不同海流流向下海底管道牵引过程中的动力学响应

参考海底管道牵引的相关文献,结合管道侧拉的具体过程,利用大型水动力分析软件OrcaFlex建立了管道牵引的动力学响应简化模型。通过改变海流方向和对牵引点A进行时域水动力分析,得到了不同海流流向对管道牵引过程的影响和管道牵引的最佳海流流向,确定了管道在经过牵引通道和出油管时易发生应力集中现象。结合水动力分析结果,给出了牵引过程中管道的力学性能和牵引的注意事项。     

Numerical simulation of nonlinear wave force on a quasi-ellipse caisson

A three dimensional numerical model of nonlinear wave action on a quasi-ellipse caisson in a time domain was developed in this paper. Navier-Stokes equations were solved by the finite difference method, and the volume of fluid (VOF) method was employed to trace the free surface. The partial cell method was used to deal with the irregular boundary typical of this type of problem during first-time wave interaction with the structure, and a satisfactory result was obtained. The numerical model was verified and used to investigate the effects of the relative wave height H/d, relative caisson width kD, and relative length-width ratio B/D on the wave forces of the quasi-ellipse caisson. It was shown that the relative wave height H/d has a significant effect on the wave forces of the caisson. Compared with the non-dimensional inline wave force, the relative length-width ratio B/D was shown to have significant influence on the non-dimensional transverse wave force.     

基于N-S方程的航行船舶辐射问题数值模拟

基于N-S(Navier-Stokes)方程,进行了航行船舶辐射问题的数值模拟,包括强制垂荡和强制纵摇的模拟.计算了船舶垂荡和纵摇的附加质量和阻尼.数值模拟中,控制方程--BANS(Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes)方程和连续性方程使用有限体积法离散,非线性自由面采用VOF方法处理.文中给出了以不同航速前进的船舶强制垂荡和纵摇的力与力矩,以及船舶垂荡和纵摇的附加质量系数和阻尼系数,并与DUT(Delft University of Technology)的试验数据进行了比较,二者吻合良好.     

小波加权残值法在固支矩形板后屈曲上的应用

根据Von Karman板大挠度方程,以小波函数作为试函数,采用小波加权残值法将四边固支矩形板的平衡控制方程和变形协调方程化解为两个非线性方程组,将后屈曲路径的求解转化为两个非线性方程组的求解问题.将载荷分为多个水平,利用Newton-Raphson迭代算法求得非线性方程组的解,从而得到四边固支矩形板的后屈曲平衡路径和四级渐进解.通过算例表明小波可以用于解决矩形板的后屈曲问题.     

A CIP-based method for numerical simulations of violent free-surface flows

A CFD model is proposed for numerical simulations of extremely nonlinear free-surface flows such as wave impact phenomena and violent wave–body interactions. The constrained interpolation profile (CIP) method is adopted as the base scheme for the model. The wave–body interaction is treated as a multiphase problem, which has liquid (water), gas (air), and solid (wave-maker and floating body) phases. The flow is represented by one set of governing equations, which are solved numerically on a nonuniform, staggered Cartesian grid by a finite-difference method. The free surface as well as the body boundary are immersed in the computation domain and captured by different methods. In this article, the proposed numerical model is first described. Then to validate the accuracy and demonstrate the capability, several two-dimensional numerical simulations are presented, and compared with experiments and with computations by other numerical methods. The numerical results show that the present computation model is both robust and accurate for violent free-surface flows.     

Dullin-Gottwald-Holm方程的1-孤子解

研究了一类由Dullin,Gottwald和Holm提出的新的含线性和非线性色散项的完全可积型浅水波方程(称为Dullin-Gottwald-Holm方程)的反散射问题。首先利用反散射方法建立了DGH方程的反散射方程以及一系列求解方程,并且给出了解的一般形式,然后利用散射数据以参数形式给出了DGH方程的1-孤子解,最后画出了几个取特殊值时解的侧面图。     

基于NL法的水平受荷桩非线性有限元分析

NL法是在总结国内外多种计算方法的基础上，依据大量桩基水平静载荷实测资料提出的一种新的桩基水平承载力非线性计算方法，并被港工桩基规范列为主要计算方法。但由于非线性计算的复杂性，因而限制了该方法的推广应用。通过将NL法与有限元法相结合，探讨了水平承载桩非线性受力特性分析的简捷、精确方法。该方法引入非线性弹簧模拟桩间土对桩单元的水平抗力，建立了基于NL法的桩土相互作用的接触非线性有限元模型。实例分析表明：计算结果与实测结果及规范中结果具有良好的一致性，可用来分析相似原理不能计算的问题，便于工程设计应用。     

三维RANS方程求解斜航船体粘性绕流

本文在三维船体贴体坐标系下，运用有限解析解法控制方程进行离散，采用压力与速度耦合的改进的SIMPLER计算方法结合标准的k-ε方程湍流模式，数值求解三维RANS方程，对作斜航运动的Wigley船体的粘性绕流场进行了计算，并与他人结果进行了比较，验证了理论计算方法和数值离散技术的可行性和有效性。     

破损结构地震反应简化分析法的单自由度破损模型研究

MSP(Multi-step pushover method)法是一种弹塑性推覆方法,可以评估破损状态的建筑结构的地震反应。它以地震反应谱作为输入,根据结构的动力特性分配荷载,逐步推覆,得到破损结构的最大地震反应,简便实用。作者针对MSP法中破损模型的选择和改善问题进行了专门研究和探讨。通过与非线性时程法进行对比,首次提出适用于单自由度体系的破损模型。实例计算表明,本文提出的模型可用,分析误差小,有助于MSP法进一步完善。     

Plastic mechanism analysis of structural performances for stiffeners on bottom longitudinal web girders during a shoal grounding accident

A theoretical model is introduced in this paper for structural performance of stiffeners on double-bottom longitudinal girders in a shoal grounding accident. Major emphasis is placed on establishing the characteristic deformation mechanism of stiffeners and identifying major energy dissipation patterns. Numerical simulations using the LS-DYNA nonlinear finite-element program were carried out to examine thoroughly the progressive deformation process during sliding deformation. Stiffener deformations were observed to fall into two categories: stiffeners fully contacted with the indenter, and stiffeners subjected to indirect deformation due to energy transfer from attached girders. Grounding performance of stiffeners is substantially influenced by that of the attached plating, and therefore a review of the existing deformation models of longitudinal girders (i.e. Simonsen 1997, Midtun 2006 and Hong 2008) was included. Hong's model of bottom girders was found not capable of representing the effects of stiffeners, and a new model of girders was thus developed. Based on observation of the numerical deformation process and the new analytical girder model, a kinematically admissible model of stiffeners on bottom longitudinal girders was built. Using the methods of plastic mechanism analysis, simplified analytical expressions for energy dissipation by girder-attached stiffeners, both fully contacted and noncontacted, were formulated, and equations for grounding resistance were subsequently obtained. The theoretical expressions agree favorably with results from nonlinear finite-element simulations and capture two significant characteristics of the problem: that energy varies little with indentation for stiffeners that fully contacting the indenter, and that energy is independent of slope angle for indirectly deformed stiffeners. The proposed theoretical model helps to predict analytically shoal grounding performance of stiffeners on longitudinal girders with reasonable accuracy.     

Time-domain strip method with memory-effect function considering the body nonlinearity of ships in large waves (second report)

In the previous paper, one of the authors proposed a new time-domain nonlinear strip method for a rigid body, in which hydrodynamic forces are evaluated by a convolution integral with the memory function computed for the instantaneous submerged part of the transverse sections, and the Froude–Krylov and hydrostatic forces are evaluated on the instantaneous wetted hull surface. In this paper, first, that nonlinear strip method is extended for an elastic body using a method of superposition of elastic mode functions, which enabled us to investigate whipping phenomena due to impulsive large waves. Second, the influence of different approximations of the pressure above the still-water surface is investigated, and then the results calculated by the proposed nonlinear strip method are compared with the experimental ones. Third, whipping phenomena observed for an elastic body at higher Froude numbers are studied through a comparison between computed and measured results. Higher-frequency vibrations in the vertical bending moment due to slamming are discussed. Furthermore, the wave load due to green water on deck is calculated by introducing a practical model, and the effects of the green water on responses of both rigid and elastic bodies are investigated.