不同加固方法对主梁加固效果的试验研究

利用自行设计的反力框架装置,对某特大桥拆除的旧梁进行不同的加固试验,并对不同加固方式的效果进行评价,对工程实践具有极大的参考价值。     

快速公交车站设计探析——以杭州、常州快速公交设计为例

快速公交设计是个系统工程,其中车站设计部分是其中的关键要素。从宏观方面论述了路线及站点布置,在保证运营速度的情况下,论述了站间距设置的一般考虑范畴。从车站布设、车站功能和车站形式等方面简明介绍了车站设计的相关研究;并从客流角度入手,抓住快速公交的运营特征,把握车站的设计规模。并通过实践经验的总结提出了车站设计的相关技术标准。     

快速公交系统（BRT）规划模式分类研究

文章通过汇总已建的城市快速公交系统的数据,从投入成本和预期达到的客运量两方面因素入手,将快速公交规划模式分为库里提巴模式、波哥大模式、鲁昂模式及厦门模式,并对这四种模式的特征及具体内容进行了详细阐述,为城市快速公交系统规划提供理论依据。     

预应力钢板箍与CFRP复合加固RC墩柱轴压性能试验研究

提出一种新型的采用预应力钢板箍(PSJ)和碳纤维布(CFRP)复合加固钢筋混凝土(RC)墩柱加固方法(简称PSJ-CFRP)。为验证该新型加固技术的可行性和有效性,进行了8个足尺圆形墩柱轴压性能试验,研究参数包括不同加固方法(PSJ、CFRP和PSJ-CFRP)、钢板箍预应力水平、PSJ与CFRP加固配箍特征值等,比较分析采用不同加固方式加固试件的加固效果、破坏形态和承载力等,研究了PSJ-CFRP复合加固RC墩柱的受压机理,钢板箍预应力度、PSJ与CFRP加固配箍特征值等关键参数对试件轴压性能的影响和规律。试验结果验证了PSJ-CFRP复合加固技术的有效性,CFRP与钢板箍协同工作、优势互补,既提高了试件的承载能力,又改善了试件的变形性能,加固试件呈现延性破坏特征。采用CFRP加固的试件,试件的承载能力得到提高,但变形能力降低,呈现脆性的破坏特征。在相同加固配箍特征值下,减小加固箍板净间距能取得更好的加固效果。在试验和理论分析的基础上,提出了PSJ-CFRP复合加固RC墩柱轴向受压承载力计算公式,能较好地预测加固墩柱的轴心受压承载力。     

Asynchronous n-step Q-learning adaptive traffic signal control

Ensuring transportation systems are efficient is a priority for modern society. Intersection traffic signal control can be modeled as a sequential decision-making problem. To learn how to make the best decisions, we apply reinforcement learning techniques with function approximation to train an adaptive traffic signal controller. We use the asynchronous n-step Q-learning algorithm with a two hidden layer artificial neural network as our reinforcement learning agent. A dynamic, stochastic rush hour simulation is developed to test the agent’s performance. Compared against traditional loop detector actuated and linear Q-learning traffic signal control methods, our reinforcement learning model develops a superior control policy, reducing mean total delay by up 40% without compromising throughput. However, we find our proposed model slightly increases delay for left turning vehicles compared to the actuated controller, as a consequence of the reward function, highlighting the need for an appropriate reward function which truly develops the desired policy.     

声波 CT 技术在旧桥粘钢加固评价中的应用

在役桥梁运营维护中，粘钢加固技术由于其经济、便捷等特点是保证桥梁安全运营的重要手段。但由于现有检测手段的不足，旧桥粘钢加固后修复效果是未知的。为弥补检验修复效果这一空白，将CT技术引入旧桥粘钢加固评价当中，以安徽某大桥的工程为例，用声波CT技术可以检测加固区域混凝土整体质量，得到定性、定量的检测结果，为旧桥加固修复情况提供客观评价，且可增强后续处治的针对性，并节约维修成本。     

强夯法在我国的发展及应用

强夯法地基加固技术因具有众多优点而在国内外获得了广泛的应用.通过对强夯法在我国应用发展的回顾,分析了强夯法的应用和研究现状,然后根据其目前存在的问题,提出未来的研究重点.     

Estimating the bus user time benefits of implementing a median busway: Methodology and case study

This paper presents a general framework to estimate the bus user time benefits of a median busway including the effects on travel time and access time. Unlike previous models, we take into account the effects of geometry and the interaction with the demand structure. Models for predicting the bus in-vehicle time benefits of a median dual carriageway busway against mixed traffic condition on 2 and 3 lanes roads are estimated using data from a case study in Santiago (Chile), using a bus travel time model empirically estimated and considering different base case situations, including mixed traffic operations and bus lanes. Results of the application show that the expected in-vehicle time savings of a median busway might be reduced by access time losses due to increased walking distances and road crossing delays. Also, that net time benefits can vary significantly according to the base situation and the structure of demand considered. These findings point out to the need of including a wider set of impacts when studying the benefits of median busways, beyond in-vehicle time savings only. The empirical work presented here is completely based on passive data coming from GPS and smartcards, what makes easier and cheaper to conduct this type of analysis as well as to do it with a comprehensive scope at an early stage of the development of a BRT project. This framework can be extended to other types of dedicated bus lanes provided that a corresponding bus travel time savings model is available.     

A technical note on evaluating the effectiveness of bus rapid transit with transit signal priority

Transit Signal Priority (TSP) and Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) are innovative Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) tools that can reduce travel times for buses. Combining TSP and BRT can significantly improve bus travel, but can negatively impact network traffic operations. Although TSP has been implemented worldwide, few previous studies holistically examined the effects of using various conditional and unconditional TSP strategies with or without a BRT system. This research simulates multiple TSP and BRT combination scenarios to understand their impact on traffic operations, including crossing street traffic. A test bed along International Drive (I-Drive) in Orlando, Florida, was chosen as the simulation area. Field data collected for this test bed, which included traffic volumes, bus travel times, and traffic signal control data, were used to develop, calibrate, and validate the simulation model. Results showed that BRT with Conditional TSP 3 minutes behind significantly improved travel times, average speed, and average total delay per vehicle for the main through movements compared with no BRT or TSP, with only minor effects on crossing street delays. BRT with Unconditional TSP resulted in significant crossing street delays, especially at major intersections with high traffic demand, indicating that this scenario is impractical for implementation. The simulation suggests that BRT and TSP will be most effective when used in areas where crossing street volumes are low. However, it is unknown how these ITS tools affect pedestrian traffic. Using optimization methods can determine the best strategy to balance transit and pedestrian traffic.     

发电车油箱吊梁裂纹分析及补强方案

本文对多起发电车油箱吊梁裂损情况进行了分析,根据分析结果和有限元强度计算提出了油箱吊梁补强方案。为进一步验证计算,对原结构和补强结构进行了动应力测试,并对其进行了评估。