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1.
智能汽车已经成为未来汽车领域的发展方向,且高校逐渐与企业合作,建立智能汽车人才培养模式。但是现阶段,校企合作深度以及人才培养方式仍然存在一定的不足,不利于为智能汽车领域输送更多的人才。基于此,本文主要探究智能汽车专业校企合作模式以及人才培养模式,详细阐述智能汽车专业校企合作模式及人才培养模式中存在的问题,进而提出针对性的建议。 相似文献
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针对城市高层住宅顾客对上门配送服务的需求,借助无人机停放平台,考虑包裹异质性以及无人机在不同配送阶段的精确能耗,构建以无人机飞行成本和能耗成本最小为目标,以无人机容量、电池组容量等为约束的高层住宅无人机上门配送模型,解决“垂直位置最后一百米配送”问题。基于此模型,设计带变邻域下降(VND)搜索的混合蚁群算法(HACO-VND),引入4个算子进行变邻域下降搜索,为了提高算法的求解性能,提出两种局部搜索算子组合,根据顾客点数量使用不同的算子组合。实验结果表明,HACO-VND算法较CPLEX在求解精度与求解时间方面更优,特别是在大中型算例中表现出较佳性能。参数分析表明,高层住宅楼层数越多,无人机单次
飞行的能耗利用率越大,无人机容量与电池组容量共同对配送方案产生影响。为以后无人机送货上门服务方面的研究提供参考和思路。 相似文献
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转向架轴箱轴承作为列车传动系统中的重要部件,其运行状态直接影响列车的运行安全。介绍了广州地铁某型车转向架轴箱轴承及接地装置多次出现进水导致轴承失效的情况,并深入分析得出轴箱进水的两个原因:轴箱端盖部件倒角尺寸异常,进口和国产的轴箱、接地装置间存在尺寸差异。提出了对轴箱端盖进行普查、更换、统型等解决措施。 相似文献
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王阳曾庆军戴晓强吴伟 《中国舰船研究》2022,(6):223-235
[目的]为了提高遥控水下航行器(ROV)在复杂水下环境中的姿态控制性能,开展多电机协同推进的ROV姿态控制研究。[方法]首先,针对多电机系统的结构和算法,分别提出一种基于PID速度补偿器的偏差耦合结构和一种新型非奇异终端滑模控制(SMC)算法,并设计一种新颖的基于多电机协同推进的ROV姿态控制方法;然后,建立ROV的运动学和动力学模型,开展推进器组推力建模分析、解耦简化ROV动力学模型研究;最后,设计一种ROV滑模姿态控制器。[结果]仿真结果表明,所提的结构和算法可提高多电机系统的抗干扰性、同步性和快速响应能力,进而提高ROV姿态控制系统的稳定性与鲁棒性。[结论]所提方法可为ROV姿态控制提供一种新的可用方案。 相似文献
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In many cities, diesel buses are being replaced by electric buses with the aim of reducing local emissions and thus improving air quality. The protection of the environment and the health of the population is the highest priority of our society. For the transport companies that operate these buses, not only ecological issues but also economic issues are of great importance. Due to the high purchase costs of electric buses compared to conventional buses, operators are forced to use electric vehicles in a targeted manner in order to ensure amortization over the service life of the vehicles. A compromise between ecology and economy must be found in order to both protect the environment and ensure economical operation of the buses.In this study, we present a new methodology for optimizing the vehicles’ charging time as a function of the parameters CO2eq emissions and electricity costs. Based on recorded driving profiles in daily bus operation, the energy demands of conventional and electric buses are calculated for the passenger transportation in the city of Aachen in 2017. Different charging scenarios are defined to analyze the influence of the temporal variability of CO2eq intensity and electricity price on the environmental impact and economy of the bus. For every individual day of a year, charging periods with the lowest and highest costs and emissions are identified and recommendations for daily bus operation are made. To enable both the ecological and economical operation of the bus, the parameters of electricity price and CO2 are weighted differently, and several charging periods are proposed, taking into account the priorities previously set. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to evaluate the influence of selected parameters and to derive recommendations for improving the ecological and economic balance of the battery-powered electric vehicle.In all scenarios, the optimization of the charging period results in energy cost savings of a maximum of 13.6% compared to charging at a fixed electricity price. The savings potential of CO2eq emissions is similar, at 14.9%. From an economic point of view, charging between 2 a.m. and 4 a.m. results in the lowest energy costs on average. The CO2eq intensity is also low in this period, but midday charging leads to the largest savings in CO2eq emissions. From a life cycle perspective, the electric bus is not economically competitive with the conventional bus. However, from an ecological point of view, the electric bus saves on average 37.5% CO2eq emissions over its service life compared to the diesel bus. The reduction potential is maximized if the electric vehicle exclusively consumes electricity from solar and wind power. 相似文献
7.
Ing-Marie Gren Andreas Brutemark Annika K. Jägerbrand Jennie Barthel Svedén 《运输评论》2020,40(4):411-428
ABSTRACTThis study estimated the external cost of air pollution from shipping by means of a meta-regression analysis, which has not been made before. Three pollutants, which were included in most of the primary studies, were considered: nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxides (SO2) and particulate matters with a diameter of max 2.5 micrometres (PM2.5). All primary studies included damages of health and a majority added impacts on agriculture and estimated the cost of air pollutants by transferring cost estimates from studies on costs of air emissions from transports in Europe. Different regression models and estimators were used and robust results were found of statistically significant emission elasticities of below one, i.e. total external costs increase by less than 1% when emissions increase by 1%. There was a small variation between the pollutants, with the highest elasticity for PM2.5 and lowest for NOx. Calculations of the marginal external cost of the pollutants showed the same pattern, with this cost being approximately six times higher for PM2.5 than for the other pollutants. Common to all pollutants was that the marginal external cost decreases when emission increases. Another robust result was a significant increase in the cost of studies published in journals compared with other publication outlets. These findings point out some caution when transferring constant external unit cost of air pollutant from shipping, which is much applied in the literature, and the cost functions estimated in this study could thus provide a complementary transfer mechanism. 相似文献
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考虑网联自动驾驶车辆(Connected Autonomous Vehicle, CAV)应用先进的车联网与自动驾驶技术,可以采用智能交叉口的组织形式,大幅提升交叉口的通行效率,为降低CAV与人工驾驶车辆(Human-driven Vehicle, HV)混行条件下城市交通系统的整体出行成本,提出智能交叉口在城
市交通网络中的布局优化问题,建立数学优化模型并求解。首先,基于对两类车辆行驶特性的分析,建立混合用户均衡模型,描述CAV与HV的路径选择行为;其次,从交通规划者的角度,以系统最优为目标,整合混合用户均衡模型,建立面向新型混合交通流的智能交叉口网络布局优化模型,并利用改进的遗传算法求解;最后,选取Sioux-Falls交通网络作为案例分析,验证模型与算法的有效性,并研究CAV渗透率变化对优化结果的影响。研究表明,智能交叉口在城市路网中的合理规划极大地提高了新型混行场景下城市交通系统的出行效率,同时,大幅降低了由于网联自动
驾驶单方面技术优势带来的CAV与HV的出行效率差距,增进了出行公平性。 相似文献
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