The choice of ship size on deep-sea general cargo routes †

The introduction of unit load methods, particularly the cellular container system, has been associated with a large increase in ship size on some of the world's major general cargo routes. In this sector, ship size is determined by a set of interactions between handling performance, route length, traffic flow, itinerary, requirements for frequent and regular service, port costs and general system organization. This paper explores these relationships to identify major influences and to consider the prospects for further growth.     

“海洋石油707”综合勘察船的总体设计

综合勘察船作为海洋油气田勘探的主力船型,具有钻探取样、海洋水文调查和海底地形地貌勘察等多种功能。简要介绍某综合勘察船的主要技术特点、总布置特点、船舶性能和船舶定位系统设计等。为提高舒适性,该船对上层建筑布置进行优化,满足《2006年海事劳工公约》的要求;为提高作业能力,该船布置钻机系统、单波束、多波束、浅剖和海流剖面仪等大量专业设备;为兼顾深水和浅水的定位能力,该船配备动力定位系统和四点锚泊系统。耐波性和稳性作为关键性能,将直接影响勘察船的作业能力,在对该船进行设计时采取一系列措施提高其作业能力。为保证该船的稳性和装载能力,空船重量控制也是重点工作。     

灰色理论模型在船艇操纵性能优劣论证中的应用

为了解各船艇之间总的操纵性能是否满足安全要求,本文运用IMO等有关船艇操纵性能的衡准,确定了综合评估指标;基于灰色理论中的灰色关联分析法建立了船艇操纵性能进行综合评判模型,并选择了4种典型船艇进行了论证。结果分析表明,此评估模型正确,方法简单易行,对操纵者掌握、了解各船艇总的操纵性能和实际操纵具有指导意义。     

Analyzing ship investment behaviour in liner shipping

This study analyzes capacity expansion and ship choice decisions. Theoretically, we derive the probability of capacity expansion as a function of market and company attributes and characterize the impacts of these factors on expansion decisions. Empirically, we analyze ship investment and ship choice behaviour using binary choice and nested logit models based on ship investment data from major liner shipping companies over the period 1999 to 2009. Most expansion decisions are found to be market-driven, and large companies expand to maintain their market shares. In terms of ship selection, statistical results support the assumption that shipping companies decide on a new order or second-hand purchase before considering the ship size. Also, new orders are preferable to second-hand purchases. For new orders, the preference increases with ship size, and decreases with shipbuilding length and demand growth rate. For all ship types, the preference increases with a high and stable time-charter rate. For second-hand ships, handysize is the most preferable size. The substitution of new orders and second-hand purchases is possible, but not symmetrical.     

综合舰桥系统综述

简要介绍了综合船桥系统的发展过程,阐述了舰桥系统的特点,提出了舰桥系统研究内容.这对舰船控制实现自动化,指挥决策科学化,提高舰船安全性具有重要意义.     

船舶电力推进原理及系统组成

船舶电力推进是船舶市场一个方兴未艾的话题。通过对电力推进各个组成环节的介绍,深入技术细节,由一般原理分析出电力推进系统的特点,并与主柴油机推进系统进行比较,得出2种推进方式的优缺点,对造船厂、船东、设计人员进行船舶推进系统选型时具有借鉴作用。     

船舶斜梯梯口尺寸分析

船舶总布置设计时,通道内布置了许多斜梯,斜梯斜度与梯口长度只有协调配合才能获得良好的通行效果。基于规范要求、现行标准的推荐尺寸及实船经验进行分析讨论,提出既利于工作、战斗和逃生需求,又便于生活的设计建议。     

基于遗传算法的模糊控制型船舶自动驾驶仪研究

该文分析了常规船舶自动驾驶仪存在的缺陷,针对船舶操作这种非线性、时变参数的控制对象,提出了一种基于遗传算法的模糊控制型和Bang—Bang控制相结合的控制系统,提高了模糊控制系统的精度;最后,通过仿真将模糊型船舶自动驾驶仪与基于遗传算法的模糊控制型船舶自动驾驶仪的性能作了比较,结果表明该文所提出的方法控制性能良好。     

Container ship turnaround times at UK ports

This paper looks at the relationships between ship size, handling rate and ship berth time for five major ports in the United Kingdom. The results show that there is no simple linear relationship between these variables. The causes and implications of this are discussed.     

3000t自航起重船空调系统设计浅析

随着海洋石油开采和矿产资源开发的日益升温,海洋作业工程船的市场需求越来越大。大型起重船工程船的船员配置和工作环境较为特殊,空调系统的设置同常规船舶相比有不同要求。以3 000 t自航起重船的空调系统为例,介绍了此类工程船的设计思路,供读者参考。     

Methodology for ro-ro ship and fleet sizing with application to short sea shipping

A novel methodology is developed for determining the characteristics of a cargo roll-on/roll-off (ro-ro) ship and the fleet size required for a given short sea shipping route. The ship and required fleet size to satisfy the transportation demand (for each pair of speed and freight rate) are determined using a database of existing cargo ro-ro ships to obtain the main technical characteristics of the most suitable ship. The time charter, voyage costs and revenue are then calculated considering the technical characteristics of each ship. Fuel costs are corrected for the actual ship speed and loading condition. A number of restrictions in the transportation problem are considered leading to the exclusion of unfeasible solutions. The maximum profit over the period of a year is identified among the feasible pairs of speed and freight rate. This general methodology is applied in a case study that considers the route between Leixões (Portugal) and Rotterdam (Netherlands). The study allows the identification of the most suitable ship and fleet sizes for different market penetration levels and quantifies the impact on shipping company profit of changes in parameters such as fuel costs, time charter costs, emission control area, installed propulsion power and stacking factor.     

An investigation into the suitability of an enclosed seaport for cruise ships the case of Leith

This paper considers port infrastructure, in terms of the physical limitations placed on vessel size, at the major cruise ship ports in northern Europe. Physical design characteristics and vessel size restrictions common to these ports are identified. The same physical design charactersitics and vessels limitations are considered in the context of a port with cruise ship ambitions, viz. Leith. The subsequent analysis suggests that infrastructure design weaknesses at a given port, in this case the presence of an entrance lock and tidal delay, may act as a deterrent to cruise ships. Primary data gathered from cruise lines and from observation of cruise ship activity at Leith supports this hypothesis. These findings have implications for both seaports and cruise lines.     

国外综合船桥系统研究与发展

综合船桥系统(IBS)是在组合导航系统(INS)基础上发展起来的一种船舶自动航行系统,是船舶自动化的重要组成部分。综合船桥系统的主要使命是实现船舶高度自动化,提高航行的安全性、经济性和有效性。回顾IBS的产生背景,分析其功能结构,阐述IBS的研究现状,探讨IBS的发展前景。     

渝申300 TEU 集装箱标准船型研究

本项目是根据交通部到2010年底前在长江、珠江三角洲水网地区基本实现船舶标准化的战略目标,推进川江及三峡库区船型标准化的西部交通建设科技项目.主要介绍渝申300 TEU江型集装箱标准船型的总体设计,重点研究该船的主尺度分析、快速性、总体布置.并对全船概况、船舶技术性能评估等方面进行了介绍.本船具有良好的经济性指标,比国内同类型船快速性指标提高4.4%,千吨公里油耗降低4.8%,单位功率载箱量提高14.3%,已达到国内先进水平.渝申300 TEU集装箱标准船型是目前设计的三峡库区尺度最大、载箱量最多的集装箱标准船型.     

基于CAN冗余的船舶数据采集与远程监控系统

为增强船舶安全,实现船舶远程监控管理,结合嵌入式与船岸通信技术,基于TMS570实现船舶数据采集以及SIM808实现数据远程通信,设计了船岸通信数据的通用格式,并采用CAN冗余的方式增强船舶数据采集稳定性,提出一种船舶数据采集与远程监控方案。本系统经过测试,性能稳定可靠,对于船舶数据采集、远程监控和大数据平台具搭建有一定参考价值。     

电力推进系统在某试验船上的应用

介绍某民用特种试验船应用电力推进系统的技术方案及ABB公司提供的电力推进系统的技术特点和技术优势,认为电力推进系统在此类船舶上具有显著的应用前景。     

舰船装备保障性评估指标体系研究

文章首先给出了指标体系的建立原则,然后从保障性的定义出发,结合舰船装备的特点,提出一个较为完整的舰船保障性参数体系,并给出主要参数的定义、计算公式以及各参数之间可能存在的相互关系。对开展舰船装备保障性评估工作具有一定的参考价值。     

船舶三维数字化设计研究

对船舶三维设计方法及技术进行了研究,阐述了基于CATIA的船舶三维设计具体设计流程和方法,并结合3100TEU集装箱船具体实例,探讨了船舶三维设计方法和一般步骤.该研究对船舶三维设计系统的开发有一定参考价值。     

基于线性插值方法的模糊型船舶自动驾驶仪的研究

本文基于对常规船舶自动驾驶仪存在缺陷的分析,提出了一种基于线性插值模糊控制和Bang-Bang控制相结合的控制系统,使模糊控制输出连续变化,提高了模糊控制系统的精度.通过常规模糊型船舶自动驾驶仪与改进后的模糊型船舶自动驾驶仪性能的比较,表明本文所提出的方法是行之有效的.     

船用操舵系统负载模拟装置的研究

提出了船用操舵系统模拟装置的总体方案，为了克服模拟舵面大惯量负载的困难，采用了液压惯性加载系统，利用键图建模和仿真方法对该系统进行了详细的仿真分析，通过系统综合仿真和试验研究，验证了液压性负载模拟方案的可行性。