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世界修船市场与世界船队的情况紧密相连,文中分析了世界船队的发展情况,世界修船市场的动向及中国修船市场面临的机遇,同时指出我国修船业存在的问题并提出了几点建议。 相似文献
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目前,世界修船市场相当活跃,世界修船中心逐渐东移,东南亚地区已成为世界主要修船中心之一,我国修市场占全球修船市场的份额正在逐步加大,修船价格在世界修船市场价格中仍属低价位的,且低廉的劳动力资源丰富。面对难得机遇,中国修造船企业利用自己的航线优势、人工成本优势和技术优势,将中国修船业做大做强。 相似文献
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一、修船材料物价指数(价格浮动系数)在修船费用中的作用 我国修船市场流行的《修船价格手册》(由交通部主编,因其封面为蓝颜色,故通称《蓝本》)和《国内民用船舶修理价格》(由原中国船舶工业总公司主编,因其封面为黄颜色,故通称《黄本》),是修船市场公认的修船报价两大标准系列。这两大报价系列均把修船报价分为修船人工费和修船材料费两部分,只不过《蓝本》将修船人工费和修船材料费分别列表,而《黄本》则将修船人工费和修船材料费合并列表。 对于船公司来说,在一艘船舶的修理工程报价费用中,修船材料费用一般要达到50%… 相似文献
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王兴如 《中国远洋航务公告》2003,(8)
中远航运业起步不久之后,中远的修船企业就陆续在广州、上海、大连等远洋分公司成立,当时修船企业的定位是为远洋运输船舶提供配套服务。随着经济体制的转轨,南通远洋船务公司率先参与市场竞争并在竞争中逐步壮大,具备了一定的竞争优势。 随着中国加入WTO,中国经济加快融入世界经济一体化步伐,中国的修船业由于成本优势,使得国际修船市场的重心逐渐东移,尤其是东南亚的修船市场,进入20世纪0年代更是加快了向中国转移的速度,这使我国修船业面临着巨大的发展机遇。中远集团审时度势,及时把握中国修船业发展的趋势,根 相似文献
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This paper provides an up-to-date review of the previous literature concerning the impact of passenger rail franchising on productivity and costs in Britain, and also presents important new evidence. In particular, the extension in time of previously-used datasets offers the first opportunity to study the impacts of re-franchising. The previous literature emphasised the failure of franchising to produce sustained productivity gains, with a sharp deterioration in productivity after 2000. The new evidence presented offers a somewhat more positive view of the British experience. It suggests that part of what was previously considered to be falling productivity may in fact be due to exogenous changes in diesel prices. Further, new data suggests that the recent increases in costs have resulted in higher quality of service. Finally, competitive re-franchising, and the associated unwinding of short-term management and re-negotiated contracts, seems to have led to improvements in productivity between 2006 and 2008. Nevertheless, it remains the case that passenger rail franchising in Britain has failed to reduce costs in the way experienced in many other industries and in rail in other European countries. The evidence is that somewhat larger franchises, avoiding overlapping and optimising train density and length, should reduce costs. We also speculate that the major increase in wages and conditions of staff might be moderated by longer franchises, although that remains to be proved. This re-appraisal of the British case is important in the context of the wider international interest in the use of franchising in passenger rail, and its relevance to the current review of ways of introducing competition into the domestic rail passenger market in Europe. 相似文献
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航道护岸工程中基槽边坡稳定研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
航道护岸工程中经常发生基槽边坡滑坡失稳事故,从而造成经济和安全问题。因此,就滑坡发生机理进行研究对保障航道护岸工程顺利建设有重大意义。从极限平衡原理出发,分别运用Fellenius法和Bishop法验算了苏北某航道护岸工程开挖边坡的设计稳定性,并分析比较两种方法的差异,得出了在多层土的计算中有时会出现Fellenius法比Bishop法的安全系数略大的结论。结合工程实际中可能出现的渗流和超载等因素,计算得到边坡安全系数的变化规律和极限平衡状态时的临界负荷,从而提出了相应的预防渗流、控制超载等措施,可以为航道护岸建设提供参考。 相似文献
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介绍了可伸缩式海工栈桥的主要功能和分类,功能上分为主动补偿和被动补偿型以及其他类型,用途上分为油气行业和风电运维行业应用,尺寸上可分为小型、中型和大型,今后的分类的方法会更加科学和合理,为我国各类可伸缩海工栈桥研发的标准化、系列化提供依据。 相似文献
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Tomasz Kowalkowski Marianna PastuszakJanusz Igras Bogus?aw Buszewski 《Journal of Marine Systems》2012,89(1):48-60
The aim of the modeling studies (MONERIS) was to estimate annual source apportioned nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) emissions into the Vistula and Oder basins in 1995-2008, thus, during the transition period in Poland, characterized by changes in both agricultural sector and handling of point source pollution. N and P emissions into both basins showed declining tendencies. Between the sub-periods 1995-2002 and 2003-2008, the overall N emission into the Vistula and Oder basins decreased by 16-17% (i.e. by ca. 26,900 tons in the Vistula and by ca. 18,000 tons in the Oder basin); P emission declined by 23% in the Vistula and by 32% in the Oder basins (i.e. by ca. 3400 tons in the Vistula and by ca. 2200 tons in the Oder basin). The temporal patterns of N and P emission into the Vistula and Oder basins, as well as the percentage contribution of N and P pathways (particularly: overland flow, tile drainage, groundwater, waste water treatment plants) showed great differences between the basins. Natural (type of bedrock, soil type, lake area) and anthropogenic (regionally and temporarily different type and intensity of agricultural activity, spatially different structural changes in agriculture during the transition period, regionally and temporarily different investment in waste water treatment plans) factors were found to be responsible for the differences, and the relationships are extensively discussed in the paper. In 1995-2008, 70% of N emission into both river basins was via groundwater and tile drainage, with the former playing more important role in the Vistula basin, and the latter playing more important role in the Oder basin; contribution of N emission from point sources was comparable in both rivers and it reached 11-12%. In 1995-2008, point sources, erosion, overland flow, and urban systems were found the most important P pathways in both basins, with a higher percentage contribution of point sources in the Oder basin. 相似文献
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由于后张预应力空心板的体积较小、预制安装简单方便,有利于规模化生产、运输和安装,已广泛应用于我国公路桥梁工程的上部结构中.结合福建地区港口工程中以后张预应力空心板作为上部结构的实例,介绍后张预应力空心板的设计、预制和安装的要点,并针对施工期空心板加载试验数据进行分析,总结在港口工程中采用后张预应力空心板的经验,供类似工... 相似文献
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随着海上运输方式的不断发展,集装箱运输以其安全、高效、便利、快捷的优点,赢得市场青睐。近年来,海运危险货物不断呈现出集装化和散装化趋势,集装箱运输的危险货物量越来越多,事故发生率在逐年增加。文中以现有的法律、法规和规范为依据,结合实际工作经验,阐述了危险货物集装箱水上运输的安全监管对策。 相似文献